نشریه جغرافیا و آینده پژوهی منطقه ای
پیاپی 1 (تابستان 1402)

Due to the unfair distribution of facilities and services, the issue of inequalities in various fields, especially in the education sector, is one of the issues that requires expert studies. In the present research, the analysis of educational indicators in Iran has been done. The research approach is quantitative and the final study of 18 research variables has been done using multi-indicator decision-making techniques such as Vikor technique and preference selection index. The results of Vikor technique show that Tehran has the highest score with a score of (0/0000). Khorasan Razavi is in a good position after Tehran with a score of (0/1830). In VIKOR technique, Ilam province with a score of (0/9759) and South Khorasan province with a score of (0/9763) have the lowest scores, and the status of educational indicators in them is evaluated as poor and they need serious attention. The results of the preference selection index show that Tehran with a total score of (0/9509) and Razavi Khorasan with a total score of (0/8605) have obtained the highest scores in the preference selection index. The scores obtained from the preference selection index show that Semnan province with a total score of (0/2493), Qom province with a total score of (0/2693), Ilam province with a total score of (0/2730), and South Khorasan province with a total score of (0/2842) have the lowest scores. By using the Average nearest neighborhood the pattern of distribution of educational services in Iran, 1/530966, Z score 5/655593, and PValue 0/000 have been obtained. Based on the Average nearest neighborhood, the pattern of distribution of educational services in Iran has been scattered. Based on Moran's coefficient, the pattern of distribution of educational variables in Iran is Random.

The development of tourism in rural areas depends on various indicators including services. In fact, services are one of the most important needs to attract tourism and continue its sustainability in rural areas. Therefore, it is undeniable that villages have various services for the development of tourism. In this research, the aim is to investigate the state of tourism development services in the target rural areas and then formulate the optimal strategies in this field. In this study, Shayvand village in Dezpart county of Khuzestan province has been selected as a target village for tourism. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on survey data. The statistical population of the research is made up of tourists, 160 of whom were randomly questioned. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through elites and the reliability was also confirmed with Cronbach's coefficient equal to 0.802. The result showed that the types of tourism services were quantitatively and qualitatively significant at the level of less than 0.05. Quantitatively, the average of the test was equal to 3.128, and as a result, the quantitative status of the service was evaluated as average. In this field, the services related to visiting attractions have the best status with an average of 4.437. In terms of service quality, the average equal to 2.245 confirms that the quality of tourism services is evaluated poorly. In order to improve the quality and quantity of tourism services, 4 strategies are presented, including expanding the quality of services (37.059), improving social capital (25.374), protecting and improving the quality of the environment (9.524) and emphasizing local capacity (7.959) has been.

One of the indicators and variables that have an effect on urban development or sustainable urban development, especially in the dimensions of social development and cultural development, is urban creativity with its components. Creative cities can be considered innovative and creative centers that can turn ideas into wealth. The purpose of this research is to measure the relationship between the effective indicators in the creative city architecture with sustainable urban and regional development in Kerman city.In terms of its purpose, this research is a correlational research and a survey research method. The statistical population of 28,534 people over 18 years of age in Kerman was selected using Morgan's table, a sample of 384 people. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose face validity and content were confirmed by experts and its reliability was estimated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.880. The method of data analysis is correlation and regression matrix which was calculated with spss software version 22.The findings of the research showed that the technology component had the greatest role in predicting the criterion variable and the organizational environment component had the least role. By gaining the trust of citizens for all-round activity and participation in the fields of urban management and planning through the decentralization of programs and their efficiency and effectiveness, as well as by attracting and cultivating new talents and ideas and paying attention to human capital as one of the indicators of a creative city, it is possible to develop Urban sustainability helped.

The current research was conducted with the aim of understanding the pattern of organizing the outskirts of the Comparison of the pattern of organizing the outskirts of urban areas in England and India. In terms of the purpose, this research is one of applied research, the results of which can be used in the field of modeling to organize the outskirts of Iranian cities. In terms of method, it is one of qualitative research of thematic analysis type, which focuses on identifying, analyzing and interpreting the meaning pattern of qualitative data through The MAXQDA 2020 software was used. The research findings showed that 127 themes were obtained, of which 90 themes were related to England and 37 themes were related to India. These main themes include the city model, measures to organize the outskirts of the city, the planning and political structure of the city, the way of organizing the outskirts of the city and the policies of organizing the outskirts of the city. The results showed that India and England in the first step to organize the outskirts of the city, although the solution of destruction is in front But in the second step, England, taking a critical view, tries to improve and improve and the participation of people in the improvement of the border, while India has not changed its approach to this method of destruction until the third step, on the other hand, India has emphasized only urban-spatial measures. While England, by understanding and paying attention to the fact that the contexts such as poverty, unemployment, the condition of the villagers, education play a role in this context, has implemented larger policies such as reducing relative poverty and creating economic diversity in the agriculture and production sector, trying to reduce the phenomenon of unemployment, in Home ownership, minimum wage increases, government investment in better health care and education.

Today, tourism as one of the sources of income and creating employment at the local level can be an approach for economic development and play a potential role in the local and indigenous economy. The development of tourism activities leads to the creation of foreign exchange income, an increase in income, and employment in the host country. Various strategies have been proposed to increase sustainable urban incomes and one of these strategies is good city governance in order to achieve sustainable city income. Good city governance has a great role in providing the possibility of increasing tourism. The aim of this research is to An analysis of good urban and regional governance on sustainable tourism income in Birjand City. The statistical population of the research was experts and experts in this field in 2022. The research is of descriptive and analytical type and the required information was collected in library and field method (through questionnaire) and analyzed by applying a structural equation model and using SPSS and Amos software. The dimensions of governance have been examined in the form of six components public participation, coordination between institutions, strategic and strategic view, responsibility and accountability, transparency, effectiveness, and efficiency. The results of the research showed that all the governance components of sustainable tourism revenues are effective, the most impact is related to the dimension of effectiveness and efficiency.

Current problems of urban planning, the lack of detailed knowledge about the future of cities and issues; If today is the result of foresight in the past; After numerous bugs in the way of planning and urban planners in the past for the future of our understanding of the time there. This show that the futurology as an interdisciplinary science of urban planning necessary to develop a special place that marks the future prospects of urban planning and Scenario can be a powerful tool among the methods futurology by understanding the driving forces and uncertainties, in the form of multiple stories of the future, helping to clarify the future ambiguous space for planning and decision making. This paper is in the field of interdisciplinary with the fundamental approach has Analytical-descriptive and Tries with library studies and documents review the futurology studies paradigms in the levels of ontology, epistemology and methodology. Then, to clarify the concepts and structures of thought in the field, Analyze the Tools and methods of Futurology and scenario And by providing A model combination of Futurology methods In order to create harmony between the various methods, Provide Possibility of using target them In various research position for researchers.