نشریه سیاست ها و تحقیقات اقتصادی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، بهار 1402)

Foreign direct investment has become a key element in linking countries' domestic economies to the global economy. The issue of attracting foreign investment for oil-exporting countries is different from other countries. Oil-dependent countries are often managed by rentier governance systems based on oil revenues, leading to uncertainty and instability in macroeconomic policies. Therefore, most of these countries have dubious institutional sovereignty and poor performance of macroeconomic variables that prevent the entry of foreign investors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of oil rents on the inflow of foreign direct investment in Iran during the period 1985-to 2018 using the vector error correction model (VECM). The results show that the oil rent variable hurts the inflow of foreign direct investment, while the variables of the institutional quality index, gross fixed capital formation, and trade openness have a positive effect on FDI absorption. According to the results of the study, in order to attract more foreign direct investors, limit and reduce the size of rentier governments and drastically reduce the dependence of the budget on oil revenues suggested that revenues from oil resources to improve the related infrastructure in all economic sectors be overflow into the .

Taxes are one of the most important financial policy tools and can help the government to ensure people's welfare. Therefore, in this study, the effect of increasing and decreasing corporate income tax on the welfare of urban and rural households has been investigated. To investigate the impact of the mentioned tax changes on the welfare of households at the macro level, the method of the standard calculable general equilibrium model has been used. To estimate the general balance model, the social accounting matrix of Iran 2013 was used. The model has been solved using GAMS software in two scenarios that include increasing and decreasing corporate taxes. In order to check the welfare of the household, the index of equivalent changes has been used. The findings indicate that in the first scenario, with the application of 10, 20 and 50 percent increase in corporate tax, the welfare of urban households decreases, but the welfare of rural households increases slightly.The welfare of all households decreases in these scenarios. In the second scenario, with the reduction of this tax in the previous three cases, the welfare of the urban household increases and the rural household experiences a slight decrease in welfare,

The development of the debt market, as one of the pillars of the country's financial system, plays an important role in improving the allocation of investment resources as well as solving the problem of credit crunch. In this regard, the capital market, with its high potential, has designed and published a variety of Islamic financial instruments, and also according to the resolutions of the Jurisprudence Committee of the Securities and Exchange Organization, it has provided the possibility of trading a range of public and private sector bonds with various financing issues. So that private companies and especially the government have been able to use the high capacities of the country's capital market. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the challenges of the development of this market in Iran can play an important role as the first step in the growth and development of this market. Therefore, the current research aims to investigate the relationship between the Sukuk market and the GDP in Iran's economy from 2010 to 2021 in the form of seasonal data frequency using the Generalized Moments Model (GMM). The research results show that the Sukuk index has a positive effect on the GDP.

One of The factors Affecting Inflation in Recent years At the global level, there has been an epidemic of Covid-19 (coronavirus). There fore, in this research, it has been tried along with other factors affecting inflation in Iran's economy The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic should also be investigated. For this purpose, from the data of 1360-1400 and Autoregerssive Distributed Lag and ECM. Based on the findings. The Covid-19 pandemic and economic sanctions have led to an increase in inflation in the period under review. Therefore, it seems that the increasing effect of economic sanctions on inflation and the restrictions of quarantines and containment measures applied after the outbreak of the epidemic, as well as the uncertainty of income and uncertainty caused by the corona virus, lead to an increase in supply pressure and This way has caused inflation to intensify Also, the variables of liquidity and real exchange rate have a positive effect on inflation and have led to an increase in inflation in the investigated period. According to the findings of the current research, the anti-inflationary effect of the government's educational expenditures has been effective in reducing inflation simultaneously and intermittently. In addition,

In this research, by designing a static game with complete information between the firm (through advertising) and customers (through the effect of advertising on their purchase), the equilibrium and optimal strategy of the players were presented. In this game, the firm will have 6 choices and the customers will have 5 choices. The results showed that B_H B strategy (full purchase with high spending and willingness to buy again and recommend it to others) is considered a dominant strategy for customers, while the firm does not have a dominant strategy. The Nash equilibrium of the game (F, B_H B) is where the company tries to introduce a new product with high quality by improving the quality and advertising a lot (very high absorption) and the customer also makes a complete purchase (spending a lot of money) and the desire to buy again and also, offering it to others gets the highest possible utility. According to the obtained results, it is suggested that firm, while improving the quality of its product, introduces its product with a lot of advertisements and as much as it can to attract many customers and also maximize its profit (utility) and increase public welfare.

Providing employment and eliminating inequality between regions in order to create regional balance is one of the concerns of policy makers and regional development planners and in rural communities that play a key role in providing raw materials and food security, its importance is twofold. The aim of this quantitative and applied research is spatial analysis of employment indicators in rural areas of 31 provinces of Iran. The findings of the research showed that in terms of employment indicators, the three provinces of Zanjan, Ardabil and Qazvin, with final scores of 0.3337, 0.2373, and 0.232, ranked first to third, and three provinces of Sistan and Baluchistan, Kohgiluyeh & BoyerAhmad and Kerman, respectively, occupied the lowest ranks with final scores of -0.3788, -0.318, and -0.218. The results of spatial analysis showed that if we divide the entire country into two parts, northern and southern, the northern half of the country is in a better situation than the southern half in terms of having employment indicators. The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that there is a statistically significant and negative relationship between provinces' employment indicators and the distance from the center variable at the 99% confidence level.