Knowledge of Nursing
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Summer 2023

More than half of all sudden cardiac arrest cases occur out of hospital, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the responsibility of emergency medical personnel in these cases. Therefore, it is essential for them to have the knowledge and competence to perform the resuscitation. This study aims to determine the effect of CPR education on the knowledge and performance of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel.                                                                    Methods and Materials: 

In this quasi-experimental study, 46 emergency medical personnel who were selected through optimum allocation of stratified random sampling were studied to assess their knowledge and performance before and 14 days after the education. The training was implemented in groups (6 hours of theory and 6 hours of practical training on moulage). At the end of the first session, the pamphlets were provided to all subjects. The data collection tools included a researcher-made questionnaire on demographics as well as 20 questions to assess knowledge, and a 31-item checklist for observing CPR performance. Face as well as content validities were assessed, and test-retest as well as interrater methods were used for reliability of the tools.

The mean and standard deviation of knowledge scores were 13.06±2.37 as well as 18.19±1.55 and performance scores 20.04±2.8 as well as 28.63±2.8 before and after the intervention respectively, indicating the positive effects of education on knowledge and performance (p <0.001).                                              

The CPR education had significant effects on improving knowledge and performance of the subjects. Thus, it seems necessary to hold updated courses on CPR and allocate more time for practical training in teams.

Dental anxiety, the fifth ranks among common stressors, is a major cause of avoiding dental treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in improving dental anxiety in people referring certain dental clinics in Kermanshah City in 2022.                                                                                                                        

This quasi-experimental study had a pretest-posttest design with a control group. A total of 50 subjects were selected via purposive method from 2 dental clinics. Their treatment plan was at least 3 sessions. They were divided into 2 equal intervention and control groups. The intervention group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy based on the protocol by Segal, Williams, and Teasdale in eight 60-minute sessions. Data collection tool was a dental anxiety inventory by Stouthard, Mellenbergh, and Hoogstraten. Data were analyzed by paired t-test.

There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the post-test , which showed the effectiveness of MBCT in reducing dental anxiety (p<0.01).

MBCT significantly decreased dental anxiety. It is, thus, suggested to be used for clients before dental services.

This research aimed to explore the spiritual experiences of patients who had had COVID-19, as spirituality is believed to provide support and aid in coping with stress and illness. The COVID-19 pandemic has become a significant public health issue globally, including in Iran.

This qualitative study was conducted with a hermeneutic phenomenology approach. Data were collected between November 2022 and May 2023. The researchers held interviews with 14 patients admitted to a hospital in Tehran, capital city of Iran. Data were analyzed based on the approach of Dickelman et al. Lincoln and Guba criteria including credibility, confirmability, dependability, and transferability were used for assessment of data trustworthiness.

It was found that spiritual experiences of the participants can be divided into 3 themes including “Psychic Experiences”, “Experiences of Deferring” and “Spiritual Dream Experiences”, and a constitutive pattern named “the Experience of the Holy”.

The constitutive pattern of "the Experience of the Holy" and its 3 themes highlight the deep impact of spirituality on the experiences and recovery of illness and emphasizes the importance of addressing the spiritual needs of patients in health care settings and the role of spirituality in dealing with illness and promoting spirituality.

One of the methods to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus is self-quarantine. Measuring people's attitudes and practices about it is important for the effectiveness of this method. This study aimed to determine the attitude and practice of Khark Islanders regarding self-quarantine during covid-19 pandemic in 2022.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on native and surrounding residents of Khark Island in south of Iran. 370 subjects were selected with cluster sampling. A demographic and clinical questionnaire and a questionnaire regarding attitude and practice for self-quarantine were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests, analysis of variance, and multiple regression in SPSS26 software.  

Attitudes of 65.4% (242) of the subjects were negative, and the rest had a positive attitude. Also, the practice of most subjects (65.4%) was undesirable. There were significant differences between age, gender, education level, occupation, concerns about home quarantine, and sources of information with attitude and practice about self-quarantine (P<0.05). 

Self-quarantine during COVID-19 was a recommended way to reduce transmission and discontinuation of disease chain. Since attitudes and especially practices of individuals, in this case, is of great importance, appropriate and effective methods should be used to improve them in individuals.

Abstract
  Backgrounds and

Sexual-reproductive health (SRH) is considered as a major part of general health, and education in this domain can have significant effects on it. Moreover, physically disabled individuals need special healthcare and education in this respect; however, there is insufficient information about SRH in women with this disability. The purpose of the present study was to explore educational needs in SRH among women with spinal cord injury (SCI).
 Methods and Materials: In this qualitative research, content analysis method was applied. Participants included women between 18 and 55 suffering from SCI. They were clients of Social Welfare Organization and Association of Spinal Cord Disabilities and selected with purposive sampling method. In-depth semi-structured interviews were individually performed with 15 women and 8 key informants. Graneheim and Lundman’s method was used for data analysis. Furthermore, Lincoln and Guba’s evaluative criteria were applied for trustworthiness.  
 

Educational needs in SRH among women with SCI were divided into 4 categories and 10 subcategories. They included “providing education by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education”, “improving education”, “enhancing performance of healthcare staff”, and “reforming educational structure of SRH for physically disabled individuals.”    
 

Women with SCI could improve their quality of life if they get information about SRH via educational books, CDs, and Internet resources. Moreover, modifying viewpoints of medical students and healthcare providers is assumed as an important factor for this aim.

Interprofessional collaboration and moral sensitivity are effective variables for improving care and services to patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between physicians' moral sensitivity and interprofessional collaboration at educational hospitals affiliated with Tehran Branch of Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences in 2023.                                                                                                                       

The subjects of this correlational study included 130 physicians randomly selected by simple random sampling method. Data were collected with Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (Lotzen et al. 1994) and Interprofessional Collaboration Questionnaire (Jefferson, 2001) and analyzed with different parameters and tests such as Pearson correlation test and linear regression.
 

Findings showed that all physicians had high moral sensitivity and low interprofessional collaboration. There was also no significant correlation between physicians' moral sensitivity score and interprofessional collaboration (p=0.725).  

Since moral sensitivity and interprofessional collaboration are important factors in service quality of physicians, proper educational programs are suggested for improving them in medical centers.