نشریه پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی
سال پانزدهم شماره 65 (تابستان 1402)

As the main cause of development, provision of specialized workforce is known as a mission of higher education system in any countries. This issue entails scientific planning and is regarded as a base for need assessment in education. To assess the need for manpower, various methods and models have been proposed and lots of experiences have been obtained in different countries. Based on scientific experience, realities, available information as well as economic requirements, one of these methods or a combination of them is employed by researchers. Considering the nature of the activities related to livestock farming as well as the available standards by animal husbandry system in the country, the ratio density method was applied to assess the need for educated manpower, in which the ratio of the need for university-educated manpower to the number of livestock, poultry, honey bee colony and feed production capacity was considered as the basis of the estimate. The optimum ratio between the educated workforce and the production capacity was determined based on the relevant experts of the animal husbandry system. The results indicate that the required recruitment for university graduates in different relevant activities for a thirty-year period was estimated to be 44135 in livestock farming, 16336 in poultry farming, 8000 in honey bee keeping and 985 in feed production. In addition, it appeared that some 2315 graduates in animal science are required, annually, including 3.5% PhD, 26.5% in the master's, 70% in the bachelor's and associate’s levels.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the rapeseed consulting engineers’ effectiveness in East of Golestan province from the rapeseed farmers’ viewpoints. The study was a causal-relationship research. The statistical population consisted of farmers who planted the rapeseed in their land summing up to 950 people in 2021. The proportional stratified random sampling using the Cochran formula was adopted and 210 were selected as the sample. A quantitative paradigm was used and the content validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by agricultural extension and education experts. Its reliability using Cornbrash’s alpha formula, ordinal alpha and Theta ordinal coefficient were α= 0/93, α = 0.91 and θ= 0/90, respectively. In order to analyze the data for both descriptive and inferential statistics, the SPSSWin21 and Smart PLS software were used. The results are presented using causal modeling methods and showed that all the subjects agreed and ranked the engineers’ technical advice and supervision at average and less. Also, based on the structural equation modeling, the greatest impact on the effectiveness of the consulting engineers was attributed to farmers ‘social impact variable with the path coefficient of 0/459 and the social participation with 0/195, educational factors with 0/185 ranked the next. It is worth noting that 72/2 percent of consulting engineers’ effectiveness in Eastern part of Golestan province is explained by the given variables.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship promotion training courses on strengthening the entrepreneurial behavior of rural women. The statistical population of this research consisted of 98 rural women in Tehran province, and random cluster sampling was used to select the statistical sample, . The sample size was considered equal to 70 people. Among the of Damavand, Varamin and Sole Qan, 4 villages were selected as samples, The data collection tool was a researchermade questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha method with an alpha coefficient of 0.76 and experts' survey. The questionnaire was composed of two parts: individual, social and economic structures and the obstacles and restrictions placed on their way. To analyze the data in this research, statistical inference, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and t-test were used. Based on the obtained results, the components of training courses (instructor, goal, content, teaching method) have a significant effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial behavior ofthem. The average total index calculated for the effectiveness of training courses on strengthening entrepreneurial behavior is 49.29 with a significance level of 0.05 and t=53.19 with a degree of freedom of 69 and with 95% confidence greater than the community average (48) and a critical t value.The total average calculated index of barriers and limitations of entrepreneurship promotion training courses is 64.01 with a significance level of 0.05 and t=77.87 with a degree of freedom of 69 and with 95% confidence is greater than the community average (63) and the critical t value behavior of rural women.

The theory of planned behavior is used to recognize and understand environmental and personal factors affecting behavior, considering that this theory has been widely used to predict behavior, therefore this research aims to investigate the factors affecting The lack of students' inclination to study in Kermanshah's vocational colleges was based on Ajzen theory of planned behavior. The statistical population of the research included all the students of the third grade of the first secondary school of Kermanshah province in the academic year of 2020-2021 (14824 persons); From this number and based on the table of Bartlett et al., 370 students were selected as a sample in a two-stage cluster and proportional assignment method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on Ajzen model, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and the ordinal Theta coefficient. The results showed that the three constructs of belief in self-efficacy, attitude towards agricultural science, and society's norms explain 40 Percent of the variance of students' intention to choose the agricultural science field, and among these three constructs, Society's norms were recognized as the most effective factor.