مجله تحقیقات علوم قرآن و حدیث
سال بیستم شماره 3 (پیاپی 59، پاییز 1402)

"Methodological understanding of hadith" is one of the concerns of hadith commentators and researchers. The process of understanding the hadith, which starts from the stage of understanding the meaning of the text and ends with the stage of understanding the main purpose of the speaker, is faced with harms, and therefore identifying the harms of understanding the hadith helps to apply the rules of understanding correctly. One of the harms of understanding the hadith is "the text of sufficiency" or being content with the text and ignoring the tradition of the infallible (AS). This article seeks to examine the contexts and implications of the "sufficiency text". This writing has come to the conclusion by descriptive-analytical method that "the contexts of the text of sufficiency" and disregard for the tradition and tradition are: delay in compiling the prophetic tradition, the phenomenon of imitation, considering some teachings in conflict with the tradition and tradition, weakness The place of history and disregard for the Sira, the Shiite perception of the lack of need for an innocent social Sira, the inefficiency of the Sira and the tradition, and the prevalence of the Sikh and the Sikh tradition. Also "Consequences of the text of sufficiency"These are: the non-criterion of the Sira and Sunnah in the validity of the hadith, the justification, the opposition of the ruling and the Sira, and the disregard for the Sira and the infallible tradition and its forgetfulness and change in it

Interpretation of the Quran is one of the most important and fundamental issues in the field of Quranic sciences and interpretation, which has long been the focus of scholars and religious scholars in this field due to its exclusiveness or lack of exclusiveness to God. Narratives are one of the most important sources that guide us to different opinions and views on this matter. In the meantime, Ibn Abbas is one of those who both views on the possibility of interpretation and the impossibility of interpretation are transmitted from him. Therefore, this article, by using the library method, data analysis, sought to resolve the conflict of his narrations in this regard and reached the important conclusion that he believes in the permissibility of interpreting the Qur'an except in the field of analogies such as the time of resurrection. . Extracting the meaning of Mustafad Ibn-Abbas from the mentioned word is the second goal of the present research, which with the analysis and investigations carried out, the functions of "carrying similarities", "tafsir" and "belly" were extracted from his narrations in which the word Tawil and its synonyms were extracted. It has been clearly stated and "determining the example", "carrying on the non-apparent meaning", "interpretation of similar verses", "commentary" and "carrying on the apparent meaning" have been extracted from the content and content of his other narrations in this field; It should be noted that from the total of extracted traditions,

"Affront and takfir" is a Quranic teaching that Muslim thinkers have disagreed about its truth. From these differences, three major theories were born, the owners of which all document their understanding in the Qur'an: the theory of "general convergence" (Mu'tazila theory); The theory of "the total negation of interaction" (or: the theory of Mowafat, the theory of the advanced theologians of Imamia); The theory of "partial frustration" (the theory of some contemporary theologians, hadith scholars and commentators). Various studies have been conducted to prove or disprove each of these theories, but what has received less attention among them is the evaluation of the mentioned theories with the criteria of the hadiths of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). The main question of the present research is whether the Hadith heritage of Imamiyyah can help us in understanding and discovering the correct saying in this matter. The result of an extensive search in hadith sources is that the hadiths of rejection and rejection are divided into three categories: hadiths of confirmation or martyrdom; Explanatory hadiths and comparative hadiths. From none of these three categories, it is possible to find an article about the truth of frustration and excommunication and confirmation or rejection of the existing theories, but - with the explanation given in the text of the article - it can be concluded that the third theory (partial frustration ), it is more associated with the obligatory meaning of hadiths of abbot and takfir.

In the Qur'an, in order to call the people,God has used the story of the prophets of the past and the history of their relatives in order to guide the people.By analyzing these stories, it is possible to solve some of the problems of today's human societies.However,due to the fact that the verses and surahs of the Qur'an were revealed in certain historical circumstances and the stories of the Qur'an are not exempt from this,every time a part of the story of the prophets,which was in accordance with the call of the Prophet, was told during the surahs.Therefore, this article tries to answer the question of which parts of the story of Prophet Adam were revealed in different surahs in which time and place conditions?And what is the connection between the mentioned part of the story and the other verses of the Surah in which the story is mentioned?he application of this method of study in this story shows that:Quranic stories are in line with the purpose of the surah and the various circumstances of the Prophet.Muslims and the enemies of Islam have been revealed, and those parts of the story of Adam that are related to the belief concepts of disbelief and faith have been told in the early years of the revelation,and the parts of the story that are related to the epistemological teachings and characteristics of the believers in the late It was revealed in Mecca and early Medina,

Commentators and translators of the Quran have always sought to discover God's meaning from the use of Quranic words. In order to achieve this purpose, they have defined the verbal and non-verbal principles and rules and explained the conditions and the place of its use in detail. Paying attention to the concept of mental concentration is one of these rules that has not been properly addressed in the discussions of Quranic sciences and its position and conditions have not been well explained. Emphasis is very widely used in the interpretation and understanding of Qur'anic verses; But sometimes, it is an obstacle to the correct understanding of the words of the Qur'an, and in some cases, it has caused an incorrect or incomplete understanding of the meaning of the verse. In this article, in a critical-analytical way, it seeks to find the answer to this question, what is the result of not paying attention to the place and slippages of mental concentration in understanding the correct meaning of some Quranic words? For this purpose, by reflecting and analyzing a number of Qur'anic words, the effect of mental concentration was criticized, and it was concluded that the concentration meaning of some derivatives (Jamal, Zanim, Zoj and Asr) is incompatible with the context of the Surah and it is necessary to The unpopular initial should be preferred over the concentrated meaning.

Verses that contrary to the context of a surah is considered Makki or Madani, are exceptional. According to the present research, the exceptional verses have been increasing from the second to the ninth century; as far as Suyuti has narrated 90 narrations about this kind of verses. Based on the commonalities and differences, the commentators' approach to the exceptional verses can be divided into three periods. In the first period (2nd-4th century), the commentators usually excluded a handful of verses and did not mention their narrators and did not mention the reason for the exception of the verses. In the second period (5th-7th centuries) more verses were excluded and the commentators have taken great efforts in quoting the narration in expressing the exception of the verses and some of them mentioned some narrators in the report of the exceptional verses. In this period, the reason for the exclusion of a significant number of verses has been stated in the introduction of the suras. In the third period (7th-9th century) the volume of exceptional verses reached its peak, new narrators were mentioned and many exceptional verses were attributed to famous narrators. At the same time, a critical approach to exceptional verses has been formed and few of these verses have been criticized by commentators. One of the commonalities of all periods is that many exceptional verses are Makki (Meccan) and these verses are generally quoted in the introduction of the surahs.

According to the study of the Qur'anic words derived from the root «S-RH », six words are used in the context of "divorce" and once it is related to releasing the livestock and driving them forth to pasture. The usage of the mentioned root in pre-Islamic poems and other Semitic languages is also the same. The cognate of this root in Jewish-Christian holy texts in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Syriac languages, as the same as of the Qur'an, in a parallel way, indicates two meanings: concrete and abstract. Therefore, this descriptive-analytical research specifically talks about the issue of what language the Qur'an under the root of "S-R-H" used to describe how to perform divorce. Findings show that the aforementioned method of application is based on a fundamental conceptual metaphor, in which the emphasis is on releasing a woman from her husband's house quickly and easily. This concept indicates the prevention of harassment of women at the time of divorce and can be confirmed by various Qur'anic verses. Consequently, the Holy Qur'an uses the phrase of "sarᾱhan jamilan" to present a different perspective on the issue of divorce, in which the dominant discourse is prevention of harassment of women at the time of divorce. In addition, the etymological findings of this article show that the Arabic root "S-R-H" in the aforementioned Semitic languages shows itself in two ways: First, "S-R-H" and second "S-L-H."

Visual expression plays a very effective role in conveying Quranic concepts. Artistic images in Quranic verses are a tool to convey the desired meanings to the mind of the audience. The investigation and precision in the artistic depiction of the Qur'an and the expression of the functions of these images make the secret of the miracle of the expressive and intellectual system of the Qur'an clearer. In this regard, this research was based on the opinions of Seyyed Qutb, Mohammad Daoud and Juma about some of the most important elements of imagery, artistic harmony and sensory imagination in the analysis of contrasting images in the verses of Surah Anfaq (261-274). It has been used more.This research has reached these results with the descriptive-analytical method that some artistic styles of imagination, such as visualization and recognition in describing the charity of unbelievers and believers, are similar; But some of them, like irony, are used to warn and threaten unbelievers, and opposition is one of the most important and frequent semantic relationships in these verses. Motion verbs are more transitive and using them together with other styles makes their role more prominent in the dynamics of the images and is used more in the description of unbelievers' charity.