نشریه رویش روان شناسی
سال دوازدهم شماره 9 (پیاپی 90، آدر 1402)

This study aimed to predict marital satisfaction based on dimensions of perfectionism and spiritual/religious perfectionism. This study was descriptive-correlational. Four hundred and four people) 326 female, 78 male) were selected by the available sampling method in Tehran in 2022. All the couples were asked to complete the Golombok-Rust Inventory of Marital State Questionnaire (GRIMS; Rust et al., 1986), Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS; Besharat, 2007), and Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale (SRPS-14; Besharat, 2018). Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that by increasing the individual score in Self-oriented perfectionism (p<0/05, r=0/110) and Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism (p<0/01, r=0/332) marital satisfaction increases. On the other hand, the results showed that marital satisfaction can be predicted by the variables of self-oriented perfectionism (p<0/05) and Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism (p<0/01). Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that Self-oriented perfectionism and Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism are important predictors of marital satisfaction and the variance of marital satisfaction is 12 percent. Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism is a stronger predictor of marital satisfaction than Self-oriented perfectionism. Investigating these variables in individuals can help significantly in increasing marital satisfaction.

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a parenting program based on mindfulness on the resilience and quality of the parent-child relationship in mothers with children with gender dysphoria. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research consisted of all mothers with children with gender dysphoria in Tehran in 2023, among them, based on the gender identity questionnaire (2007) and clinical interviews with their children, 30 people were selected purposefully and randomly in the experimental group. (15 people) and the control group (15 people) were replaced. To collect data, Wagnild's Resilience Scale (RS-2009) and Fain et al.'s Parent-Child Relationship Assessment Questionnaire (PCRS-1983) were used, then Mindfulness-Based Parenting Program (2014). The experimental group was taught in 8 two-hour sessions weekly and in groups. Data analysis was done with the statistical variance analysis method with repeated measurements. The results showed that the significant level of resilience and the quality of parent-child relationships of the experimental group between the pre-test stage and the post-test and follow-up and between the post-test and follow-up stage is less than 0.05 (P<0.05). Therefore, the results show that the parenting program based on mindfulness improved the resilience and quality of parent-child relationships in mothers with children with gender dissatisfaction, and this improvement was maintained until the follow-up stage.

This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy of anger management on aggression and self-esteem of women affected by substance abuse. The method of the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population was all the en affected by substance abuse in the center of injured women welfare of Shemiranat in 2022. 24 people were selected as a sample using the available sampling method and were randomly divided into 2 groups of 12 people (experimental and control group). The Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) (Bass and Perry, 1992) and the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (RSE) (Rosenberg, 1965) as well as from the 12-session protocol (one session per week and each session between 90 and 120 minutes) of group cognitive behavioral therapy Anger management was used for intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance test. The results showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there is a significant difference between the post-test mean of aggression and self-esteem in the two experimental and control groups (p<0.001). It can be concluded that the group cognitive behavioral therapy approach of anger management has been effective in the process of aggression and self-esteem in affected women.

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Combination therapy of Bowen's system and neurofeedback on the Psychological distress condition of people with low differentiation. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test & post-test design and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included students of higher education centers and institutions studying in Bojnourd city in 2019-2020. Among the target population, five were selected by random sampling method. Then, among the students of these centers, 20 students who scored a standard deviation lower than the average in their Drake of differentiation initial screening test (2011) were selected by purposive sampling and were placed in an experimental group (N=10) and a control group (N=10) by random replacement. the experimental group received nine 60-minute sessions of Bowen's system therapy along with fifteen -20-minute neurofeedback treatment sessions. The Symptom Check List – 90- Revised Questionnaire (scl90-r) Derogatis et al (1976) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed with the method of analysis of variance with repeated measures. The results showed that the psychological distress scores and all their subscales decreased in the experimental group, and this decrease was stable in the follow-up phase (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the Combination therapy of Bowen's system and neurofeedback was effective in improving the condition of psychological distress in people with low differentiation.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on executive functions, working memory, and problem-solving in people with math disorders. The research design was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of this research was all the male students with math disorders in the fifth grade of elementary school in the two city districts of Tabriz in the academic year 2021-2022. From this statistical population, 30 students were randomly selected in two experimental and control groups (15 people for each group) using the purposeful sampling method. To collect data from Tower of London Tests (TLT) (Challise, 1982), Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNSVS), (Galtry and Johnson, 2006), Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functions Elementary School Edition (BRIEF) ) (Givia et al., 2015) and the KMT Mathematical Test (KMT) (Kennedy, 1988) were used. Data analysis was done with the statistical method of Multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference between the mean of problem-solving, working memory, and post-test executive functions of the experimental and control groups at the P<0.01 level. Cognitive rehabilitation improves executive functions, working memory, and problem-solving in people with math disorders.

Based on the lived experience of couples, the current research was conducted to investigate the maintaining factor of marital conflicts. The present study was a qualitative phenomenological study. The statistical population included all couples referred to counseling centers in Bojnourd City from July to October 2020. Twenty-two who had marital conflict were selected by the convenient sampling method. The number of participants could not be predicted from the beginning, and the researcher finally reached saturation by regularly checking the data and asking questions. Also, semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using the coding method of Strauss and Corbin (1996) in three stages open, axial, and selective coding. The information obtained is based on the data from the research questions raised in the form of interviews. Thematic analysis of the maintaining factors of marital conflict was classified into three main components and 12 sub-components: intergenerational factors, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors.

Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergenerational factors are the main factors that cause conflicts between conflicting couples. Finally, qualitative research leads to a more detailed and deeper understanding of couples' marital problems. This way, providing appropriate counseling solutions to improve marital life is possible.

This study aimed to investigate the factor structure and gender invariance of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-15) in university students. The research design was descriptive-correlational and, more specifically, validating the test. The statistical population of the research was formed by the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in the fall semester of 2022-2023. Regarding the number of variables, for the first phase of the study, 236 students and in the second phase 292 students were selected using the multistage random sampling method. Data were collected using the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-15; Van Orden et al. 2012), Need to Belong scale (NTBS; Kelly, 1999), Young schema questionnaire (YSQ-SF; Waller et al., 2001), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21; Lovibond, & Lovibond, 1995), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6; Kessler et al, 2000) and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI; Beck et al., 1979). The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale has a two-factor structure with an explained variance of 72.41% and demonstrated good confirmatory validity. The factor structure of the scale was invariant by gender. The Cronbach’s alpha and split-half coefficients were between 0.81 and 0.96. The positive correlation with Need to Belong, Isolation Schema, Depression, and Psychological Distress (P<0.01) implied the convergent validity of the questionnaire. Interpersonal needs could predict suicidal ideation (P<0.01). Overall, the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ-15) demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability and can thus be dependably used in studies of interpersonal relationships among students.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy with a focus on compassion on emotional processing and self-care in adolescent girls with premenstrual syndrome. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all the non-profit girls' school students who were studying in the educational center of Isfahan City in the academic year 2021-2022. The statistical sample included 30 of these girls who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received treatment based on acceptance and commitment with a focus on compassion during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. Data were collected using the premenstrual symptoms screening scale of Steiner et al. (PSST, 2003) and Bakker et al.'s emotional processing (EPS, 2007), Arum adolescent self-care scale (AS-CLQ, 2009) and using the method Analysis of covariance was analyzed.  The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference at the level of 0.05 between the average post-test scores of emotional processing and self-care in the experimental and control groups. It can be concluded that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment, focusing on compassion, emotional processing, and self-care has been effective in adolescent girls with premenstrual syndrome.

Children's literature is a tool to gain knowledge about the abstract world, few studies have been conducted based on cognitive perspectives. This study analyses the messages of five age groups to not only compare them from the cognitive pragmatics perspective but also to find out how the messages are expressed. So, fifteen books were evaluated by deductive content analysis using theoretical saturation. The messages are classified in the categorization matrix based on cognitive pragmatics. The classification was based on two methods of message transmission, standard and non-standard, and related elements (non-verbal, exploitation, deception, and failure). The stories of the young saplings contained emotions excitement and cognitive reactions, and the minor group experienced excited reactions in interaction with their surroundings. In group A, the focus of the messages is emotional-cognitive under the influence of the environment, and the authors are trying to tie them to the realities to paint a more realistic picture for the child. In group B, we are faced with motivational messages that aim to help children strengthen their self-confidence and overcome disappointments and difficulties in life. In group C, the moral messages needed for collective life are the main core of the messages, the use of metaphor has helped to convey them more deeply. Based on the findings, the exchange of messages in the stories of young and minor children is based on non-verbal interaction, in groups A and B, mainly the use of exploitation, and in age group C, non-verbal is also used.

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of computerized cognitive rehabilitation with cognitive-behavioral Play therapy on the reading performance of dyslexic elementary school students. The quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with a one-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all the students 8-12 years old who were referred to the Education and Rehabilitation Center in Karaj Education due to learning problems in the school year 2020-2021. In this regard, 45 students were purposefully included in the study and were randomly placed in two experimental groups and one control group (15 people in each group). Students of the experimental groups received sessions 10 weekly sessions of computer cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavior Play therapy. The research tool included a reading and dyslexia test (EDT) (Karami Nouri, & Moradi, 2005) and Captain’s Log software (2018). Data were analyzed by mixed variance analysis. The results revealed that both of the methods of computer cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavior therapy compared to the control group significantly improved reading performance (P<0.01) and the effect of both interventions lasted for one month. Also, there is no significant difference between the effects of the two interventional methods (P<0.05). Therefore, by applying any of the cognitive rehabilitation methods and cognitive-behavior Play therapy, an effective step can be taken to improve the reading performance of students.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of strengthening working memory on attention, cognitive processing, and emotion regulation strategies of children with specific learning disorders. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all students aged 9 to 12 who were referred to the Center for Special Learning Problems in the third district of Tabriz in the second half of 1400. The statistical sample consisted of 40 children who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. Data collection tools included the cognitive processing questionnaire (CPI) of Crouse (1999), the emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ-K) of Garnefski et al (2012), and the attention questionnaire (JADDI) of Jordan (1992). In this research, the participants of the experimental group received the working memory strengthening program during 16 sessions of 50 minutes in eight weeks (two sessions per week). Data analysis was done using multivariate covariance analysis. The data analysis showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there was a significant difference at the level of 0.01 between the average of the post-test attention, cognitive processing, and emotion regulation in the two experimental and control groups. According to these findings, it can be suggested that working memory strengthening intervention has been an effective treatment for improving attention, cognitive processing, and emotion regulation in children.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on physical self-concept and distress tolerance of women with coronary heart disease. The present study was an experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population was all women with coronary heart disease who were referred to the specialized center of Shahid Lavasani Hospital in Tehran in the summer of 1400. 45 people were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Body self-concept questionnaires of Marsh et al. (PSDQ, 1994) and Distress Tolerance of Simmons and Gaher (DTS, 2005) were used. The first experimental group underwent intervention in ten 90-minute sessions and the second experimental group underwent intervention in nine 90-minute sessions. Repeated measurement analysis of variance test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up of physical self-concept and distress tolerance (p>0.05). The results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy was more effective in distress tolerance and no significant difference was observed between the two treatments in body self-concept (p>0.05). As a result due to the greater effect that cognitive behavioral therapy has on distress tolerance, it can be effective alone or with complementary treatment in distress tolerance in women with coronary artery disease.

The present study was conducted with the aim of the Feasibility of a group training package based on emotional abuse on couples' marital burnout. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population of this research included all the couples who were referred to counseling centers in Sanandaj city to receive marriage counseling services in 2022.16 couples were selected through the available sampling method and randomly assigned to two control (8 couples) and experimental (8 couples) groups. couple) were placed. Before and after the intervention, all participants answered the Pines Marital Burnout Questionnaire (CBM, 1996) and questions related to demographic characteristics. The experimental group underwent a training package based on emotional abuse for 10 sessions of 75 minutes (2 sessions per week) and the control group did not receive any intervention. data analysis was done using the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements. The findings showed that there is a significant difference in the variables of physical fatigue, emotional fatigue and mental fatigue between pre-test and post-test and pre-test and follow-up at the level of 0.001 and the results indicated the durability of the training package in the follow-up period of one month (p=0.001). Based on the results, it can be said that the educational package based on emotional abuse, along with other treatment methods, is a suitable intervention method to reduce marital burnout in couples.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Metacognitive therapy and Pilates exercises on loneliness feelings and dysfunctional attitudes in female students with Premenstrual Syndrome. The present study is a part of applied research and a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a two-month follow-up. The research population included all female students suffering from premenstrual syndrome in the Islamic Azad University, Dorud Branch, in the academic year 1400-1401, There were 520 women, of which 45 women were selected by purposive sampling method, and they were randomly replaced in three groups. The tools of this research included the Premenstrual Screening Questionnaire (PSST) by Steiner et al. (2003), the Loneliness Scale - Third Edition (UCLA LS3) by Russell (1996), and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS-26) by Wiseman and Beck (1978). The analysis method of this research was a repeated measures test. The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the post-test of the experimental and control groups in both the variables of loneliness feelings and dysfunctional attitudes (p≤0.001). That is, the Pilates and metacognition groups have significantly reduced the feelings of loneliness and dysfunctional attitudes compared to the control group, also the metacognition group significantly performed better than the Pilates group in the two variables of loneliness (p≤0.001), and dysfunctional attitudes (p≤0.042). Based on this, it can be concluded that the metacognition intervention was more effective than Pilates exercises in improving feelings of loneliness and dysfunctional attitudes.

The study aimed to examine the role of religious commitment and life expectancy in predicting post-traumatic growth in patients with types of cancer. This research was a descriptive-analytic study. The statistical population consisted of all patients with all types of cancer referred to hospitals of Imam Khomeini and Shariati, District 6, Imam Hossein (PBUH), District 7, and Super Speciality Clinic of Women's Breast Disease of Jahad Daneshgahi, District 11, Tehran, 2020. The research sample consisted of 219 people with cancer who were selected by purposive sampling. The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) by Tedeschi & Calhoun (1996), the Life Expectancy Questionnaire (LEQ) by Snyder & et al. (1991), and the Religious Commitment Questionnaire (RCI) by Worthington & et al. (2003) were used to collect data. Pearson correlation and concurrent regression analysis were used to analyze data. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between religious commitment and life expectancy with post-trauma growth, and religious commitment and life expectancy can predict post-trauma growth by 6.7% (p<0.005). According to findings, religious commitment and life expectancy play a role in predicting post-traumatic growth in patients with different types of cancer.

The present study was a Prediction of corona anxiety based on attachment styles and mind reading through eye processing. The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population included adults (age range 30 to 50 years) living in Tehran (districts 2-18-5-3-22) in the years 2021 and 2022. The sample size was 300 people who were selected by the available sampling method. The research tools included Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) by Alipour, et al. (2019), Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR) by Brennan et al. (2000), and Reading Mind from Eyes Test (RMET) by Baron-Cohen et al. (2001). The results of the regression test showed that anxious attachment (P=0.001 and β=0.19) together with mind reading through eye processing (P=0.006 and β= -0.16) predicts Corona anxiety. but the avoidant attachment style (P=0.74 and β= -0.02) was not a significant predictor for Corona anxiety. Also, the results showed that the predictor variables were able to predict 0.05 of the variance of the Corona anxiety variable. The result of the present study shows that paying attention to anxious attachment style and mind reading through eye processing by psychologists can help to explain corona anxiety in adults.

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of marital conflict in the relationship between self-silencing and the tendency to divorce in married women. The present research was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research was all married women of Mashhad City in 2021, and 240 of them were selected as a sample. Research tools included the divorce Tendency Scale (DTS, Rusbult, et al, 1986), the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ, Sanaei, 2000), and the Silencing the Self Scale (STSS, Jack & Dill, 1992). Structural equation modeling analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of the structural equation modeling analysis indicated that the model fit in well. The findings showed that self-silencing could indirectly predict the tendency to divorce through marital conflict (p<0.001). It can be concluded that self-silencing and marital conflict play a key role in women's tendency to divorce, and it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in interaction with each other in programs to improve the quality of married life.

This study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of mentalization in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and aggression in adolescents. This descriptive-correlation study was based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research was the female students of second secondary level in Rasht city in the second half of 2022. 250 people participated in a multi-stage cluster method from three public high schools for girls. For data collection, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; Bernstein et al., 2003), Aggression Questionnaire (AQ; Buss and Perry, 1992), and Reflective Performance Questionnaire (RFQ; Ha et al., 2013) were used. The results showed that the proposed model is a good fit. The results showed that the direct effect of traumatic childhood experiences with aggression, uncertainty, and certainty mentalization was significant, and the direct effect of uncertainty and certainty mentalization on aggression was significant (P<0.05). Other results showed that certainty and uncertainty mentalization play a mediating role between traumatic childhood experiences and aggression (P<0.05). In general, it can be concluded that traumatic childhood experiences directly and indirectly with the mediation of mentalization can affect the level of aggression in adolescence.

The present study was conducted with the aim of the role of academic self-defeating behaviors, test anxiety, and social problem-solving skills in predicting the academic achievement of secondary school students. The present research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive correlation in terms of the nature of the data. The statistical population of the present study included all students of the first secondary school in the 4th district of Tehran in the academic year 2022-2023, of which 270 people (144 girls, 116 boys) were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling. The participants used the Self-Destructive Cognition and Behavior Scales (SDBC) (Cunningham, 2007), Test Anxiety (FTA) (Friedman and Bandaz-Jacob, 1997) and the Revised Social Problem-Solving Questionnaire (SPSI-R) (Dzurilla & Nezu, 2002) answered. Data were analyzed simultaneously using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there are direct and significant relationships between social problem-solving skills and academic achievement and inverse and significant relationships between academic procrastination, academic self-handicapping from the components of academic self-defeating behaviors and social humiliation, cognitive error and stress from the components of exam anxiety with There is academic achievement of students. The research results also showed that the combination of research variables significantly predicts the academic progress of students and explains 51% of its variance (R2 = 0.51) (P<0.01). Based on this, it seems that problem-solving social skills, academic self-defeating behaviors, and test anxiety play an important role in predicting students' academic achievement.

The present study compared the effectiveness of compassion therapy and mindfulness-based therapy on cognitive emotion regulation in the survivors of the COVID-19 disease. The method of study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a 3-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all bereaved people who lost one of their first-degree relatives due to Corona from August to December 2021 and are living in Karaj City. In this regard, 45 people were selected by voluntary sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 people in each group). The first and second experimental groups received compassion therapy and mindfulness-based therapy during 8 weekly sessions, respectively. The study tool was the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) (Garnefsky and Kraaij, 2006). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measurements and the Bonferroni test. The results revealed that both compassion therapy and mindfulness-based therapy significantly increased adjusted cognitive emotion regulation and decreased maladjusted emotion regulation compared to the control group (P<0.01). Also, both intervention methods had a lasting effect until the follow-up stage (3 months). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two methods (P<0.01). According to the results, it can be stated that both compassion therapy and mindfulness-based therapy were effective in cognitive emotion regulation in the survivors of the COVID-19 disease.