نشریه پژوهش های راهبردی بودجه و مالیه
سال چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 15، پاییز 1402)

Liquidity in the stock market expresses how close the stock is to cash. Since the Tehran Stock Exchange is included among the world's non-cash stock exchanges and the issue of stock liquidity is one of the main concerns of investors, therefore, in this research, an attempt is made to predict the liquidity of the stock exchange using deep learning models. The statistical population includes companies active in the Tehran Stock Exchange in the years 1394-1400, and 23 companies were studied as a sample. The transaction volume and value, stock turnover ratio, Amihood, the difference between the bid and ask prices (spread) and the relative spread were measured as liquidity measure and a fully connected neural network based on multilayer perceptron (MLP), mixed deep learning (MDL) model and classical linear regression (LR) model was tested. To measure the predictive power of the models, the mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) measures were calculated, and t-test was used to compare the accuracy of forecasting methods. According to the results, the prediction error rate of MDL model is lower than the other two models, and the statistical tests also confirm the significance difference in the prediction accuracy of the models at the 95% confidence level, which shows the proper performance of the proposed hybrid model compared to two other models.

The importance of small and medium businesses today is not hidden from anyone. These companies include a large part of the employment and production of countries. Financing these companies has always been considered one of the main problems of these units. Until now, the external financing of these companies has generally been done by banks; The high dependence of financing SMEs on banks has caused serious constraints in their growth and development. Recently, advanced countries have tried to improve the financing of SMEs by using the capacity of the capital market. This article seeks to present a model based on Wakalah sukuk to finance SMEs. In terms of goal this research is practical and in terms of nature of data is (qualitative-quantitative). It is also considered descriptive-survey based on the data collection method. In this research, we provide a model based on Wakalah by using the descriptive analysis method and using library studies. Then, the relevant model was evaluated and approved from the aspects of efficiency for financing SMEs, attractiveness for issuers and investors, and acceptability from the supervisor point of view, using a questionnaire and using inferential statistics.

Different models of sukuk in the international arena can open the way for financing various industries, including steel. Steel industry, considering its infrastructure on the one hand, and many development plans and capacities, always needs stable and appropriate financing from the money and capital market. The main purpose of this research is to identify the needs of the steel industry and to rank the operational models of sukuk according to the financial needs of that industry. The statistical population of the research to identify the indicators and implement the Delphi method is 10 experts from the steel industry. Fuzzy ANP method has been used for data analysis. According to the results, pure rental sukuk with a normal weight of 0.128 has the highest priority. Implied sukuk is the second priority and redeemable sukuk is the third priority. The statistical population of the research to identify the indicators and implement the Delphi method is 10 experts from the steel industry. Fuzzy ANP method has been used for data analysis. According to the results, pure rental sukuk with a normal weight of 0.128 has the highest priority. Implied sukuk is the second priority and redeemable sukuk is the third priority.

Recent research shows that the greater the financial inclusion (financial inclusiveness), the more it leads to economic growth and financial development. For this reason, in the current era, one of the goals and objectives of policymakers, especially monetary policymakers, is the development of financial inclusion in banks, which has been discussed and emphasized a lot. However, this research also aims to examine the relationship between financial inclusion (FI) disclosure and banks' performance, emphasizing the moderating role of market competition and ownership structure. Applied research method and its data were extracted by library method. To investigate the main goal of the research, three hypotheses were formulated. The spatial scope of the research is all accepted banks in the capital market of Tehran and the temporal scope is from 1391 to 1399. The number of the research sample was 15 banks, which was determined through screening or systematic exclusion. In order to analyze the data, Eviuse software was used through multiple linear regression. The results show that disclosure of financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on the performance of banks and market competition can play a moderating role in the relationship between these two variables. Also, the results showed that government ownership has no significant effect on the relationship between financial inclusion disclosure and bank performance.

In the past years, due to the reduction of bank credits and the limitations of access to international resources, companies have faced the challenge of financing. Collective financing is a new financial tool that can meet the financing needs of capital applicants and investors. If companies want to develop and promote this financial tool to attract investors' capital, they need to know the effective factors on crowdfunding marketing. Therefore, in this research, we will identify and prioritize the factors affecting crowdfunding marketing in Iran's capital market. The research method is a combination of qualitative-quantitative sequence. First, with the method of theme analysis and the use of library studies and interviews with 12 experts in the field of crowdfunding, 52 basic themes under 10 organizing themes were identified and classified into three overarching themes: contextual, causal, and intervening. Then, according to the results of the questionnaire and with TOPSIS software, the impact of themes on crowdfunding marketing was obtained. In order, the importance of the basic themes according to the overarching theme: investment culture and infrastructures; According to the comprehensive causal theme: efficiency, liquidity, time, trust, and transparency of the applicant and promotion; And according to the overarching theme of the intervener: the product (the subject of the project), the guarantee and the feature of the platform.

The military expenditure of the IR Iran has always been considered an important concern due to the pressure of comprehensive global sanctions and the nascent nature of the domestic economic system, and compared to other regional countries and trans-regional sworn enemies, it has taken a much smaller proportion. Due to the variety of issues and resources, the military's logistics organization requires efficient and productive economic management to face the existing restrictions and overcome the conditions of the economic embargo ruling the country. This research, while addressing some concepts of defense economics and military expenditures, presents strategies for improving economic management in the military's logistic and examines the limitations and challenges of this field as much as possible. The research strategy is the analysis of the theme and follows the goal of discovery and explanation of the research pattern. By counting the key points from the sources and determining the basic themes for each point, the classification of similar codes in the same classes and the formation of organizing and basic themes have been done. Confirmatory factor analysis has been used to prioritize the results. The results are based on the model based on the multi-purpose of logistics equipment and infrastructure, management of defense resources and credits, reforming the culture of exploitation and consumption, sales and income generation of defense industries, adopting a knowledge-based approach in the production of goods/services, the use of the capacity of the defense sector. private etc. is emphasized.