نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال بیست و یکم شماره 10 (پیاپی 171، دی 1402)

Unwanted complications caused by surgery can cause pain and changes in the body's physiological indicators. According to the statistics and self-reports of patients, among abdominal surgeries, people undergoing cholecystectomy surgery report more pain than expected. Considering that guided imagery and cold therapy are cheap and non-invasive methods in complementary medicine and their positive and negative effects have been proven in previous studies, this study aimed to compare the impact of guided imagery and cold therapy (cold compress) in Pain severity and blood pressure in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a teaching hospital.

This clinical trial research was conducted on 93 patients using three groups of guided imagery, cold therapy, and control groups. Patients were selected using a simple sampling method in Imam Khomeini (R.A.) teaching Hospital in Urmia. First, patients' pain severity was measured using VAS after surgery and entering the ward. Each of the interventions (guided imagery and cold therapy) was performed for 20 minutes, and then pain severity and vital signs were measured in 15-30-45-60 minutes. There was no intervention in the control group. Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS ver 22.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics..

The variable distribution of gender and history of operation in the groups was not statistically significant. (P>0.05) The results indicated that age and weight variables had no effect in the study and were not statistically significant. (P>0.05) with time, the pain intensity decreased in all three groups, and the maximum reduction in pain severity was related to the fourth and second 15 minutes in the interventions and the fourth and third 15 minutes in the control group. By comparing the results of repeated measures variance and Tukey's post hoc test, pain severity and diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant, indicating the interventions' positive effect. (P<0.05). The interventions did not affect systolic blood pressure (P>0.05).

The use of guided imaging and cold therapy, along with drug therapy, is recommended to reduce pain severity and stabilize blood pressure after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions is one of the common reproductive disorders that lead to important psychological consequences in women. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between resilience and post-traumatic growth with the mediating role of positive affect in women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions.

The method of this research was correlation and structural equation modeling. The participants included 300 of women with a history of 2 or more abortions, who were selected by sampling from those who visit the virtual website of midwifery centers, gynecology and obstetrics offices, special applications for women such as: Gahvarehh, Lyum, and Yek zan. The instruments used were Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaires (CD-RISC-10), Tedeschi and Calhoun Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). AMOS version 24 and SPSS version 26 were used for correlation coefficient and structural equation models.

Based on the findings, there is a significant relationship between positive emotion, post-traumatic growth and resilience (p < 0.01). Also, positive affect plays a mediating role in the relationship between resilience and post-traumatic growth.

Resilience with the mediating role of positive emotion is effective in increasing post-traumatic growth in women, because resilience combined with a wider use of positive emotion moderates the negative consequences of psychological complications. The results of this research can be used to empower women involved in repeated spontaneous abortions.

Despite advances in the treatment of heart failure, poor adherence to treatment and patient readmission still imposes a heavy burden on patients and the healthcare system by increasing the cost of treatment and care. However, half of readmissions can be prevented by improving treatment adherence in these patients. This study aimed to compare the effect of self-care education through WhatsApp social network, face-to-face training, and telephone follow-up on adherence to treatment and readmission in patients with heart failure admitted to the CCU and post-CCU wards of Fajr Maku Hospital.

In this quasi-experimental study, 90 patients with heart failure were allocated into three groups (n=30) in 2021. The instruments included demographic information, a readmission checklist, and a Modanloo Treatment Adherence Questionnaire. The face-to-face group received self-care training using the training package and the WhatsApp training group through WhatsApp messenger. The control group only received routine care. The treatment adherence questionnaire and readmission checklist were completed before and one month after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS software ver. 16.0 using paired t-test, chi-square, and ANOVA. The significance level was P<0.05.

There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of adherences to treatment between the control group and two intervention groups after the intervention (P <0.001). The results also showed that the mean scores of adherences to treatment between the two intervention groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.451) after the intervention. Self-care training in both intervention groups improved treatment adherence, whereas the mean overall score of treatment adherence in the WhatsApp group increased more than in the face-to-face group. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of readmission between the control group and the intervention groups after the intervention (P <0.001). In the control group, the frequency of readmission was 26.7% one month after discharge; it was 3.3% and 0% in the face-to-face and the WhatsApp groups, respectively, one month after the intervention.

Self-care education in two methods increases treatment adherence and reduces readmission. However, patients in the WhatsApp group followed the treatment more than those in the face-to-face group. Nursing educators and nurses should use the results of this research to better understand the role of education with virtual social networks in improving treatment adherence and reducing readmission in chronic diseases.

Considering the importance of a community health nursing master's program in providing effective health services and promoting community health, it is necessary to compare educational programs to examine and identify the strengths and weaknesses of educational programs in nursing. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the educational program of the master's degree program in community health nursing at the nursing school of Iran and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).

This comparative descriptive study was conducted at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2023. The educational program for the master's degree in community health nursing approved by the Iranian Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and UCSF University were extracted from the relevant sites and described, interpreted, compared, and analyzed using the Bereday four-stage model.

The community health nursing degree at UCSF was offered in two sub-fields (health policy and advanced community health nursing). The strategies, educational techniques, and students' roles were similar in Iran and UCSF. The definition of the major, the way of admission, philosophy, vision, mission, objectives, and titles of the courses were different.

The master's degree in community health nursing has been presented more fully and follows society's needs according to the university's mission and goal in the U.S.A. One of the most important strengths of the program at USCF was the training of leaders through the roles of the graduates to make policies and lead programs to promote and maintain health, equality, justice, and part-time educational conditions. Therefore, we should strengthen the strengths and correct the weaknesses based on the experiences of developed countries and the context of our country's society.

The philosophy of interprofessional education is that students of different health professions learn to be better prepared for collaboration and teamwork. In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a practical framework for interprofessional education. Interprofessional education enhances communication skills in health professions, improving patient outcomes through collaboration and teamwork. A comprehensive theoretical framework is needed to guide organizations in reaching their goals and improving interprofessional education. Few studies have directly addressed specific theoretical frameworks for interprofessional education. Most studies are based on adult learning theory, psychological theories of group behavior, teamwork approaches, and learning organization. The comprehensive conceptual map presented about interprofessional education in this article can improve effective communication, participation, and teamwork in the healthcare field and ultimately improve students' clinical learning and the quality of patient care.

Disinterest in having children, followed by a decrease in the total fertility rate in recent years, has been the common experience of developed countries and many developing countries, including Iran. Knowing the reasons for disinterest in having children is important for an effective population policy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the causes of disinterest in having children among married women in the Ilam province.

This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in Ilam province in 2022. Families without children who did not want to have children were identified through the Integrated health system (SIB) and included in the study. The data was collected from the mothers using a questionnaire. SPSS software version 22.0 was used to analyze data. Independent t-test was used to compare the means, and chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to check the relationship between qualitative variables.

Seven hundred fifty-two households were investigated. The average age in women was 26.6 ± 5.2 years and 31.1 ± 4.8 years in men. The average age of marriage of men and women was 23.3 ± 0.5 years and 27.8 ± 4.6 years, respectively, and the average married life period was 3.2 ± 1.6 years. Worrying about not providing for the child's future with 67.7%, increasing economic problems in life with 60.50%, and not having enough income with 58% were the most important reasons mentioned by mothers for not wanting to have children. A statistically significant relationship was observed between urban and rural residence status with mental and psychological readiness for childbearing (p<0.01) and interference of childbearing with social responsibilities (p<0.01).

The results show that economic issues are one of the most important concerns for making decisions about having children. Along with effective incentive policies, especially in financial terms, modeling the best practices for increasing childbearing in other countries will be an effective strategy.

Patients can experience nausea and vomiting as one of the most common complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nausea and vomiting increase the risk of aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of pulmonary recruitment maneuver and supplemental oxygen therapy and their combination on the rate of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.

Methods & Materials: 

This is a four-group, double-blind, 2x2 factorial clinical trial in which, 100 eligible patients were assigned to three intervention groups (pulmonary recruitment maneuver group, supplemental oxygen therapy group, pulmonary recruitment maneuver group with supplemental oxygen therapy) and one control group using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Rhodes Nausea and Vomiting Severity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 with significance level of less than 0.05.

There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting, and the final score of the nausea-vomiting criterion within 12 hours after the operation among the four groups (p<0.05). However, no significant statistical difference was seen when comparing the mean scores of nausea and vomiting criteria during 24 hours after the operation (p>0.05).

Implementing the combined method as well as pulmonary recruitment maneuver alone were more successful in managing laparoscopy-

Brugada syndrome is a disease that disrupts the normal rhythm of the heart and is one of the rare causes of sudden cardiac arrest. This disorder manifests as ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads, causing ventricular arrhythmias. It can also cause syncope, convulsions, breathing disorders, or sudden death if it is not treated.

The patient was a 35-year-old man who was taken to the emergency room due to chest pain and loss of consciousness (fainting). In his electrocardiogram (ECG), Brugada syndrome-specific changes were observed, and the patient was transferred to the CCU.

Due to its low prevalence, this disease is usually not considered serious, and this may cause irreparable consequences for the patient, while it can be treated successfully with timely diagnosis.