Journal of Health Reports and Technology
Volume:10 Issue: 1, Jan 2024

Context: 

The integration of ChatGPT and e-health literacy, as an innovative approach to improving the accessibility and quality of healthcare services, offers the potential to strengthen access to health information and health decision-making. This integration helps individuals understand, analyze, and interpret health information more deeply while building a broad health profile. However, the potential risk of ChatGPT misdiagnosing diseases or providing inaccurate information could cause misleading guidance and prevent users from accessing information. Moreover, a ChatGPT-based system could restrict individuals’ capacity to supervise and decipher their health records. Thus, while the integration of ChatGPT and e-health literacy holds promise to improve the accessibility and quality of health services, adverse aspects, such as the risk of providing misleading information and reducing user autonomy, should also be considered.

Evidence Acquisition: 

This study provides insight into the potential, challenges, andprospects of integrating ChatGPTande-health literacy into health services. Thus, the implication of the integration and the development of strategies for helping users better manage their health information can be explored in greater depth. Related articles on the topic were reviewed from the literature, and the results were interpreted.

The integration of ChatGPT with eHealth literacy harbors significant potential for substantially enhancing the accessibility and quality of health services. Using ChatGPT in health services can increase eHealth literacy, especially in health information access and health-related decision-making processes.

In conclusion, the integration of ChatGPT and eHealth literacy carries considerable potential to improve the accessibility and quality of health services. This integration allows individuals to comprehend health data more efficiently and interpret the results more accurately.

 Caring for war veterans causes suffering and stress in their caregivers. Therefore, it is necessary to use non-pharmacological methods to reduce anxiety and increase the resilience of caregivers.

 The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of spiritual self-care patterns (SSCP) on the resilience of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

 This semi-experimental study was conducted on 30 spouses of veterans with PTSD, who were selected randomly and divided into two groups, including the control group (fifteen people) and the experimental group (fifteen people). For the experimental group, training intervention was implemented by SSCP, while no intervention was performed for the control group. The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RIS) questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of resilience. Finally, the results obtained before and after the intervention were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and relevant statistical tests at a significance level of α = 0.05.

 The results showed that the mean resilience score in the control group before and after the intervention was 46.5 ± 5.7 and 47.0 ± 6.2, respectively, which did not have a significant difference (P = 0.70). This value for the experimental group was 3.8 ± 44.5 and 8.8 ± 62.5, respectively, and the difference in the average of these two scores was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

 Based on the results, the intervention of training by spiritual self-care pattern (SSCP) can reduce stress and increase the resilience of spouses of veterans with PTSD.

 Hemorhological disorders are one of the primary causes of cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, aerobic and combined exercises can improve hemorhological indicators and reduce cardiovascular complications in high-risk people.

 This study aimed to compare the effects of eight weeks of aerobic and combined exercise on some hemorheological indicators in middle-aged male patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

 This experimental study was conducted in 2023 on 30 middle-aged men (Age, 57.63 ± 6.38, BMI, 26.61 ± 3.60) undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Kermanshah, Iran, who were divided into aerobic (10 people), combined (10 people), and control (10 people) groups. The intervention groups received selected exercises for eight weeks (24 sessions). Serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured before and after the intervention. The parametric paired sample t-test and one-way ANOVA test were used to examine differences at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.

 The effect of combined exercises on hemoglobin and hematocrit was significant (P ≤ 0.05), but the amount of reduction in the aerobic group was not significant (P > 0.05). Findings in the fibrinogen and ESR variables showed a significant decrease in both aerobic and combined groups (P ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference between the effect of eight weeks of aerobic and combined training on the variables of hemoglobin, hematocrit, fibrinogen, and ESR (P > 0.05).

 Based on the results, aerobic and combined exercises effectively improved the hemorheological indicators and overall conditions of patients who underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Therefore, these exercises should be included in the cardiac rehabilitation program as an effective treatment method.

The evaluation of the tendency to marital infidelity is essential based on the influential personality factor mediated by attachment styles and sexual satisfaction.

This study aimed to evaluate the structural relationships of the tendency to commit marital infidelity based on the orientation of dialogue and listening and conformity with the mediation of attachment styles and sexual satisfaction

This study was conducted on all men and women referred to counseling centers in Mashhad, among whom 220 people were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tools included the tendency towards extramarital relationships, the Big 5-factor questionnaire, the Hazen and Shaver adult attachment style questionnaire, and the Hudson-Harris and Crosscup sexual satisfaction questionnaire

The five personality factors of neuroticism, extroversion, openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness could predict the tendency to marital infidelity both directly and through three secure and avoidant attachment styles.

Based on the results, personality factors influenced extramarital relationships directly and indirectly, which can be used in premarital therapy to educate couples

 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women. Several factors are thought to be affected by exercise, including insulin resistance (IR), FGF-21, and PNPLA3.

 This study aimed to determine the effect of swimming training on IR, FGF-21, and PNPLA-3 gene expression in the liver of rats with PCOS.

 A total of 24 adult female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Healthy control group, PCOS control group, healthy exercise group, and PCOS exercise group. Submaximal endurance swimming training was performed using different water flow rates from seven to 15 liters/minute for four weeks, five days per week for 60 minutes. The IR level and expression of FGF-21 and PNPLA3 genes were measured from the liver tissue. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 25) and one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05).

 Based on the results, a significant difference in the amount of IR (P = 0.001), gene expression of FGF-21 (P = 0.001), and PNPLA-3 (P = 0.001) after four weeks of swimming training was decreased.

 Four weeks of swimming training improves the metabolic pathway and positively affects patients with PCOS.

Context:

 Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain, which has recently been used to treat psychiatric and neurological disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the most widely used tES protocols. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of tDCS for the treatment of various mental disorders.

Evidence Acquisition: 

The present study is a narrative review type, for which more than 55 articles and scientific reports were downloaded using MeSH terms related to the subject of the study by reliable and international databases. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies were selected, and the results of those studies were recorded.

 Transcranial direct current stimulation significantly affected the treatment of various mental disorders, including depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. In addition, this treatment method improved the symptoms of each of the aforementioned mental disorders.

 Based on the findings, the use of tDCS can be effective in improving mental disorders. However, it seems necessary to conduct more studies to achieve reassuring findings due to limited results in some areas.

Among patients undergoing surgery, preoperative anxiety (PA) is one of the most common psychological problems that can negatively impact the patient's physical health and the operation's outcome. Preoperative patient education (PPE) is a way to reduce PA, which has many advantages over pharmaceutical methods. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PPE on PA in patients who are candidates for surgery by reviewing similar previous studies.

The data in this narrative review were collected by searching past studies in reliable international databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, in the last two decades. In the first stage of the search, 248 articles and scientific reports were received, and then 30 articles were selected as final studies by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

 In most previous similar studies, PPE significantly reduced PA in patients who are candidates for surgery. However, the findings of a small number of studies also showed that PPE had little positive effect, no effect, or negative effect on PA control. There were different methods to provide information to patients before surgery, and the efficiency and application of each were different based on the demographic characteristics of the patients.

 Based on the findings, appropriate training methods can reduce the level of PA in patients who are candidates for surgery. However, in some past studies, providing information about the surgical procedure may increase patients' PA. Therefore, nurses or medical staff with more contact with patients are suggested to have sufficient experience and knowledge in providing information and choosing the training method for patients before surgery.

 Knowledge resources and documentation mechanisms are essential for managers' productivity. Thus, identifying and categorizing knowledge resources and developing documentation mechanisms are crucial organizational tasks.

 This research aimed to analyze, categorize, and rank knowledge resources in Iranian medical science libraries.

 This exploratory and correlational study was conducted on 209 managers, heads, and deputies of central and hospital libraries in Iranian medical universities. Sampling was performed using a proportional stratified random sampling method, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was utilized for data analysis.

 Knowledge resources in medical science libraries were categorized into implicit, explicit, and web-based knowledge. Regarding the stages of knowledge documentation, the results indicated that the distribution stage and its related mechanisms received the highest scores. In contrast, the storage stage and its mechanisms received the lowest scores. The path coefficient test showed that the highest path coefficient was related to implicit knowledge (0.68), while the lowest was related to web-based knowledge (0.13). Regression coefficients and Cronbach's alpha were higher than 0.7, and the average extracted variance (AVE) was higher than 0.5, indicating the adequacy of the measurement and structural model evaluation.

 Based on the results, Iranian medical science libraries lack specific mechanisms for documentation and identifying and categorizing knowledge resources. Therefore, this research provided a suitable foundation for these libraries to employ knowledge documentation mechanisms and discover knowledge resources. These libraries' sources of implicit and explicit knowledge and necessary mechanisms for recording, capturing, and documenting knowledge are not clearly defined. Consequently, organizational knowledge documentation is not conducted formally based on a knowledge management model. Therefore, the present research enables the identification of important knowledge acquisition resources and the methods and mechanisms for extracting and documenting knowledge.

 Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is associated with multiple gene mutations and is recognized under various names, including medullary cystic kidney disease type 2, familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy, uromodulin-associated kidney disease, and medullary cystic kidney disease type 2. A comprehensive understanding of these rare disorders can shed light on the pattern of tubulointerstitial fibrosis observed in various forms of chronic kidney disease.

 Here, a case of a patient is presented who experienced acute kidney injury (AKI) following severe physical activity and an atypical manifestation of this genetic disorder. Typically, ADTKD leads to a gradual loss of kidney function, but the patient presented with AKI. The patient's renal function returned to normal following appropriate therapy. The patient's brother had a similar history of renal disease following physical activities, prompting suspicion of a shared genetic disorder.

 A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, and the results revealed the presence of the mucin 1 (MUC1) mutation, confirming the diagnosis of ADTKD. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of genetic disorders and utilizing advanced genetic studies for accurate diagnosis and management.

 Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common skin problem that generally affects the scalp. SD causes scale-like parts, skin redness, and persistent dandruff, which can also affect the fatty parts of the body. Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is an androgen-dependent hereditary disorder characterized by progressive thinning of hair with various patterns.

 Considering that AGA is probably related to race, genetics, and geographical conditions, and timely treatment of SD and AGA is critical, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between SD and AGA.

 This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on patients with AGA referred to the skin clinic of Rasoul-Akram Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2021. Among the mentioned patients, 250 were randomly selected by easy sampling. The patient's age, gender, occupation, marital status, history of skin, hormonal, or systemic disease, medical history, medication history, smoking history, alcohol intake, and family history of hair loss are all required information after obtaining informed consent from the patient. Skin color and face and skin type were recorded by a researcher-made checklist. Then, the patients were examined in terms of SD, and finally, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software Version 24 and relevant statistical tests.

 The average age of the studied patients was 35.64 ± 8.11 169 (67.2%) were women, and 81 (32.8%) were men. The highest severity of SD was grade 1 in 116 people (46.6%). There was a significant relationship between the severity of SD and the history of hair loss in the family (P = 0.03). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the pattern of AGA in men and the severity of SD (P < 0.05). The study showed a significant relationship between dandruff symptoms and AGA patterns (P < 0.05).

 Based on the results, this issue should be evaluated with more precision and follow-up due to the relationship between the severity of SD and the AGA pattern. Moreover, eliminating the symptoms of dandruff can help in improving hair loss. In addition, evaluating a person's medical history and family history is essential to determining the pattern of hair loss, preventing its progression, and timely treatment of this problem.