نشریه توسعه پایدار شهری
پیاپی 12 (پاییز 1402)

The purpose of this research is to measure the level of citizens' satisfaction with the components of the quality of life in Lowshan city and provide appropriate solutions to improve it. The current research is based on the method, descriptive-analytical and based on the purpose of applied studies. The method of data collection was document-library materials (books, articles and theses) and field observations (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research is made up of all the residents of Lowshan city, and the number of samples was calculated using Cochran's formula to be 373 people. To analyze the data from the questionnaire, simple weighted average tests, one-sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used in the SPSS software environment. The results of the research showed that the quality of life in the city of Lowshan has been evaluated at an unfavorable level by the citizens, and in general, the satisfaction level of the citizens is lower than the average (theoretical average = 3). Also, the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that there is a significant level of high correlation between overall satisfaction with the quality of life and indicators (economic, physical, service, environment, socio-cultural and urban management), There's a high correlation which indicates a positive linear connection between them. Therefore, the highest correlation in Lowshan city is between the quality of urban life and the physical-service variable, as well as between the quality of urban life and the environment, with a similar correlation coefficient of 0.784. This means that with the increase in the quality of the physical-service and environmental environment, the quality of life in this city will also increase.

It is important to make urban communities resilient, especially the disorganized and run-down neighborhoods. Resilience can be defined as the degree of endurance of systems and its ability to absorb change and disruption while maintaining relationships between government variables or individuals Based on this, the current research seeks to measure and evaluate the resilience of Nazi Abad neighborhood in physical, economic, and social dimensions. Nazi Abad neighborhood is located in District 16 of Tehran Municipality and is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Tehran, which is located in the south of the city. Is. The purpose of this research is to investigate the status of the studied area in order to provide useful strategies. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature and according to the purpose, it is applied research, and it is quantitative in terms of method. The findings of the research indicate that 68% of the neighborhood fabric is in a state of high vulnerability, and the rate of migration of native residents at the neighborhood level is on the rise, and the population growth rate has been accompanied by a downward trend. The results of the research in the physical dimension have been determined through the production of the vulnerability map of the neighborhood tissue in relation to the state of resilience, and a significant part of the neighborhood tissue has weak resilience. In the social dimension, the upward migration of native residents brings problems such as a decrease in the residents' sense of belonging, and this issue causes a decrease in the amount of social capital in critical situations. In the economic aspect, according to the land use map, the neighborhood has a significant commercial structure, and the business areas of Tehran's Sylvi and Bilor Factory have been registered as cultural heritage on a global scale, so there are many job opportunities that planning and presenting effective strategies will lead to. The progress and resilience of the neighborhood becomes economically, socially and physically.

Tbilisi is one of the historic cities whose image has always been of interest to tourists and travel writers. Many foreign tourists during the Qajar period, on their journeys, cited Tiflis and presented their descriptions of the city in their travelogues. The purpose of this research is to determine the components of Tbilisi's urban image during the Qajar period from the perspective of historical travelogues. In this research, by studying eleven travelogues written by domestic and foreign tourists during the Qajar era and referring to the city of Tbilisi, categories and subcategories that include symbols and symbol bearers were extracted using the qualitative content analysis method. After that, the position of each of the symbols and symbol bearers in the city of Tbilisi has been determined, and finally, the map of the city of Tbilisi has been drawn. The categories included path, edge, landmark, district, and node. The results showed that there were long and convenient paths in the Russian district and the European part, as well as near the bridges. Also, the river Kura played the role of the edge in the city's image, and the city had four districts: Russian, Yerevan, German, and Georgian. The nodes included traffic and activity nodes. Traffic nodes included the bridges on the river and the intersections of the main roads, and activity nodes included the Mushthaid Garden, the Garden of Europe, Alexander Garden, the Square, and the Bazaar. Finally, the city had landmarks such as mountains, ruined towers, Narin Qala, The White Shrine of Sheikh San'an, churches, and mosques.

The development of public transportation (TOD) is considered as one of the most obvious forms of smart growth and one of the examples of sustainable transportation. The process of urban growth with a decrease in the quality of services in the transportation system, which has increased the volume of traffic and inadequacy in services, especially in metropolitan cities, seems challenging and inefficient. The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between land use and transportation in the form of stratification of three metro stations in the 8th district of Mashhad, namely Koh Sangi, Shariati and Basij, through the measurement of selected indicators, including block characteristics, mix of uses, pedestrian crossings, and bicycle paths. And the transportation facility is under the development of public transportation (TOD). The research method of this article is descriptive-analytical and its type is quantitative and qualitative. Data collection has been done through document-library and completing the questionnaire. For data analysis, spatial analysis methods, hierarchical analysis (AHP) were used for stratification in terms of compliance with TOD indicators, SWOT analysis was used, and quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) was used to determine priorities. has been the results of this research showed that Koh Sangi station with a final score of 0.448 is the best option in terms of meeting TOD indicators in District 8 of Mashhad Municipality. The next priority is Shariati station with a final score of 0.312 and Basij station with a score of 0.240. After measuring the indicators and choosing the final station and analysis tables, SO offensive strategy has been selected and suggestions have been made in line with this strategy.

Health-oriented urban planning is a concept in which the link between the city and the mental and physical health of citizens is considered as a basic principle in order to increase the level of their quality of life. The idea of a healthy city, which is somehow under the concept of health-oriented urban planning, has been a global movement whose general goal is to achieve a healthy environment for the lives of citizens. Due to the rapid growth of the population, the physical expansion of the city and the destruction of gardens and agricultural lands around the city, the construction of factories and industries, the city of Shahryar is facing many environmental problems. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made to first measure the indicators of a healthy city from the citizens' point of view using a descriptive-analytical method, then to explain the influencing variables on the "hope for the future" variable. In order to achieve these goals, 23 indicators in 6 components of "health and hygiene", "environment", "social", "economy", "transportation" and "safety and security" were compiled using the documentary method and The format of the questionnaire was examined among the statistical population (383 citizens of Shahryar). The results showed that from the citizens' point of view, the "environmental" index has the highest level of satisfaction and the "economic" index has the lowest level of satisfaction. On the other hand, it was found that variables such as "leisure time" and "recreational activities" have the most positive effect, and variables such as "satisfaction with income considering expenses" and "access to educational facilities" have the most negative effect on the variable of hope. They have a future. In general, the results indicate that the city of Shahryar is far from becoming a healthy city, and this requires appropriate planning and strategies to be used by those in charge. The findings of this research can help the current discourse about healthy cities and explain the strategies of turning Shahryar into a sustainable and healthy city.

Building sustainability assessment systems (BSASs) are effective tools to achieve sustainable buildings. The production of these systems in the last two decades has been greatly welcomed and grown. Criteria-based systems are among the most cited categories of BSASs. The development or localization of these systems is done in different ways. In recent years, various types of research have been conducted in the direction of producing or localizing a system for assessing the sustainability of buildings in Iran, which have not been comprehensively reviewed, compared, analyzed, and criticized. In the current research, studies that have provided criteria for assessing building sustainability and/or weighting these criteria for Iran in recent years are examined and the base systems used in each research, the method of selecting these systems, the method of selecting the primary criteria and verifying them, the criteria weighting method, the number and characteristics of the selected experts and their selection criteria have been compared and analyzed, and the structure, strengths and weaknesses, and solutions to correct existing weaknesses are provided. The results of this comparison show that the general method of producing the basic framework of BSASs in studies can be briefly considered as including the selection of basic BSASs, extracting basic criteria from the comparison of basic systems, modifying and verifying the basic criteria and obtaining the final criteria and weighting the criteria. According to the analysis, most of the studies are not focused on a geographical area smaller than the country (a city, area, etc.) or on a specific building function (residential, commercial, etc.). Most of the studies have referred to four to eight BSASs used in the industry to find the primary criteria, among which the widely used and well-known have been the most repeated criteria in the selection of the primary systems in the studies. In the studies in which the criteria have been revised and confirmed, it has been done with the help of experts using different methods and tools such as questionnaires, interviews, and brainstorming. Also, AHP and FAHP methods are the most frequent methods in the studies that deal with criteria weighting. The reviewed studies have strengths such as the consistency of the systems production methods with international methods or the use of a reliable method such as AHP and its variants for weighting; however, they also have weaknesses. Among the solutions presented in the research to correct these weaknesses are: Focusing on geographical boundaries with common environmental, cultural, and economic features, focusing on a specific building function, providing accurate, comprehensive, and relevant criteria for selecting the base systems, referring to the criticisms in the literature to modify the list of primary criteria, and completing and verifying the criteria list using a valid scientific method while defining more precise criteria to choose the experts.