پژوهشنامه موعود
پیاپی 7 (بهار و تابستان 1401)

"Authenticity of Mahdism" is one of the fundamental issues of Imamate, the proof of which plays a decisive role in giving hope to those who are awaiting the promised Mahdi. This issue has always been discussed among scholars due to its importance. The late Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni is one of the contemporary Shiite scholars and commentators, who have analyzed and investigated this issue from various intellectual, Qur'anic, narrative, natural, monotheistic, dignified and consensus aspects. In the present research, emphasizing the point of view of this great Shia commentator and jurist in a descriptive-analytical way, an attempt has been made to analyze the authenticity of Mahdism based on the Qur'an by referring to the verses of the Qur'an and using the written and software sources. The following research, by using the Qur'anic verses and interpretative narrations, as well as by relying on the views of the late Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni, results that the authenticity of Mahdism can be seen in various aspects such as the victory of Ḥizb Allah (the partisan of God) and the victory of God's army, the support of the prophets and believers, the stability of the right and the decline of disbelief, the leadership and authority of the oppressed and righteous people, the spread of Islam throughout the world and its overall victory over all religions, the coming of truth and the destruction of falsehood, and the gaining of power by Imam Mahdi and his companions.

Believing in Mahdism and Intiẓār is an Islamic belief with a solid support of intellectual arguments and narrated evidences. Considering the importance of this issue and its effect on human insight, the present research has investigated the effect of this belief on self-inspection, taking the cognition of God, and the Imam, using the descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that believing in Mahdism and Intiẓār causes people to know God and, with a more general view, knowledge about religion. This belief in the field of Imamology, in turn, increases knowledge and consequently causes more love for the Imam. By knowing the Imam and taking cognizance of the ultimate goal, the rule of right governance, and acceptance of Wilāyat al-Faqīh is obtained. This belief will increase self-knowledge and personal and social duties in the field of Mahdism and Intiẓār. Therefore, there are reciprocal relationships between taking cognizance of God, the Imam and self-knowledge, in a way that each of them influences the other.

"Intiẓār" (Awaiting the advent of Imam Mahdi) is a phenomenon with a functional and active role in human life. Contrary to the current view that considers Intiẓār as a reprehensible and undesirable thing, the Muntaẓir one, who is expectant and prepared for the advent of Imam Mahdi, during the continuation of the Imam’s occultation, seeks help from the blessing of Intiẓār for self-refinement and, accordingly, the social foundation of the appearance of the Imam until the realization of world government. To clarify the view of Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni, as one of the religious authorities of Shia and one of the best experts in the field of Mahdism and social functions of Intiẓār, is of double importance. According to him, Intiẓār is the guarantor of the survival of the Shiite society and the realization of the rule of global justice. This article is written to analyze the social functions of waiting in the thoughts of Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni. Some of the important results of this research about the social functions of Intiẓār, are as follows: realizing social justice in the society, preventing any regression towards the culture of Ignorance, resistance and stability against corrupt leadership, and fighting against all kinds of deviations. This article has been compiled in a library method and written in a descriptive-analytical way.

The role of belief in Mahdism is based on Mahdavi culture, it has the ability to express views and provide strategic solutions in different human and social fields. The influence of this belief on the religious culture of the family manifests itself in all aspects of political-social and individual life, materially and spiritually. in fact, the Mahdavi family plays an irreplaceable role in the ideal and divine system, under the leadership of a perfect human being and the divine caliph for justice and wisdom to cover the whole world through the appearance of the Imam. The research methodology used in this essay is Library-based method with a descriptive-analytic approach based on historical and Hadith sources, focusing on the works of Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni. This research shows that the belief in Mahdism, materially and spiritually, has some effects on the religious culture of the families, which can gather the family members around its axis and integrate them and give them a single religious identity. In terms of the functions of believing in Mahdism, the following items make sense in the life style of those awaiting Mahdism: creating a suitable context for the future generation, educational and moral model, justice, fostering the spirit of hope, strengthening family relationship, naming children properly, giving charity, strengthening Mahdavi values in the education spaces.

Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni was a thoughtful thinker and aware of his own time, and was a trendsetter in the field of Intiẓār. Therefore, his thought in the current situation of the society can be a guide for worthy actions. So, this article aims to investigate the role of the expectant women in the education of the expectant generation from his viewpoint, with a descriptive-analytic approach and using library sources specially from the works of Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni. The findings show that an expectant woman waits in the personal field with self-improvement in cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions as a mother can educate the next generation with efforts to ensure physical-psychological health, intellectual growth, cognitive development, epic upbringing, increasing children's love for the Imam of the Age, and promoting a Waiting–oriented Islamic lifestyle in the context of the family. Also, by actively participating in the context of society and virtual space, while respecting the boundaries of chastity and Ḥijāb, she practically, will be able to clarify the state of women in the rich culture of Islam, and to create awareness, enthusiasm, and hope in the women of the society as the expectant mothers and strengthening the foundation of the family as the center of raising the next generation.

Fāṭimah-Zahra Sattār1 "The Occultation" is divided into the Minor and Major occultation. At the present time, people are waiting for the appearance of Imam Mahdi. In long-term disappearance, which is known as "the major occultation", there are various topics such as the indicators of the expectant people, the position of the expectant ones, the role of the expectants, the function of the expectants and the duties, which is only discussed at this paper. In terms of gender, the duties of the expectant people are divided into two categories: the duties of the men's society and the duties of the women's society, which is only discussed here. There are three main types of tasks in terms of diversity: tasks for men, tasks for women, and common tasks between expectant men and women. The duties of expectant women are implemented and operationalized with two methods of "self-thinking" and "other-thinking". In the way of self-thinking, first of all, the expectant women undertake self-improvement and personal reforms with the approach of faith, moral, ideological, cultural, etc. In the way of other-thinking and social reforms, with the approach of othering in the form of educating the expectant generation, encouraging men to come to front, and to love Imam Mahdi, and to observe Ḥijāb and chastity, and so on. Undoubtedly, considering that half of the expectant population is made up of women, it is necessary to discuss and analyze the duties of this group during the Major Occultation, with a descriptive and analytic approach. And since the discussion plan must have structural coherence and epistemological order, the format and framework of this discussion is based on the thought of Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni regarding the duties of women in paving the way for the Imam’s appearance.