نشریه پژوهش در روش های آموزش
پیاپی 3 (پاییز 1402)

One of the important issues facing education is rational education. Dealing with issues related to reason, thinking and intellectual education has a high place. Intellectual education is the methods that regularly lead to the development of theoretical and practical reason in order to achieve nearness to God, knowledge, faith and righteous action. The purpose of this article is to examine the basics of the question - answer teaching method and its implications for intellectual education from the perspective of the Holy Quran. The research approach is qualitative and the analysis method is thematic analysis. In order to collect information, a documentary method was used and the tool for collecting data was note taking from textual data. The results of the research show that in the Holy Quran, one of the methods used to guide people in all aspects of faith, jurisprudence, ethics, rationality, etc. is a method of questioning - answering to cultivate thinking in humans and provide grounds for intellectual education. By using different methods such as direct and explicit, motivational and reprimanded, internal reference and self-questioning, comparison and simile methods, and the method of expressing surprise, the Holy Quran encourages people to think, to reflect and to flourish the intellect among them. The educational implications derived from these teachings can provide the means to achieve the desired goals and objectives in intellectual education.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of students' cultural, economic and social capital on their scientific identity. The research method was descriptive of correlation type. The statistical population of the study included all high school students studying in the academic year 2023 in Qom city; 64000 junior high school students as well as 30000 senior high school ones. Cochran's formula was used to calculate the sample of this study; therefore, 382 students were selected as the sample using cluster sampling method. At first, four schools including two girls' as well as two boys' schools were randomly selected from all high schools in Qom, then 191 male students and 191 female ones were randomly selected from those schools. To collect data, Bourdieu's cultural capital, Putnam's social capital (2000), Darfashan's economic capital (2013) and Vaz and Isaacson's (2008) academic identity questionnaires were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis were used to check the hypotheses. The findings of the research showed that students' cultural, economic and social capital have significant relationship with their scientific identity. Nowadays, emphasis is placed on the development of cultural capital and its promotion in order to reduce and control social issues such as environmental crises. The results of the research confirm the reproduction of cultural, economic and social capital, especially in the area of students' education and participation in intellectual cultural activities.

Jaber Ibn Hayyan and various learning opportunities scientific and research festivals are aimed at increasing the spirit of creativity, invention, discovery, individual and group work, research as well as  science learning. The purpose of the research is to analyze the plans of this festival in terms of attention to the accuracy of biological education in accordance with the fundamental reform document of education in Mosian region, Ilam province in the academic year 2022/2023. The area of biological education and training in the fundamental reform document refers to the understanding of biological characteristics and needs, continuous efforts to maintain and promote health, hygiene and safety, insight into the chosen lifestyle and environmental protection and respect for nature. This research has been used in the form of content analysis; an estimation of the phenomena in the data text using a census. The results showed that out of the total 103 plans in the section of Jaber Ibn Hayyan (scientific projects), 63 plans referred to the area of biological education and the highest frequency was related to the collection of samples and classifications related to the recognition of domestic and wild animals. Then, all kinds of health issues, plants and seeds, environmental pollution as well as stones were discussed respectively. In the various learning opportunities section, out of a total of 35 learning opportunities, 5 opportunities were allocated to the area of biological education which included the most frequent planting of edible vegetables, flowers as well as ornamental plants, and breeding domestic birds. In the end, it became clear that in the plans of the mentioned festivals including Jaber Ibn Hayyan section and in the various learning opportunities one, a good attention has been paid to the area of biological education.

The purpose of this research is to increase the encouragement of the sixth grade primary school students in terms of mathematics and its activities.  The present study was conducted in the academic year of 2021-2022 in the sixth grade with a frequency of 35 students.  The problem is the lack of interest, the inattention, and the passivity of most of the students mentioned in the course of the activities of the mathematical lessons as well as not satisfactory results of their performance tests. Accordingly, the researcher using the method to obtain the necessary data, scientific materials are available from various sources of research, such as colleagues and administrators, mathematics head teachers, students and their parents, books, journals, internet, analyzing the scores and assessing the results of the tests were analyzed to identify the effective factors in creating the problem and to find the proposed solutions.  Then, several practical solutions among suggested ones were selected.  In the end, it was concluded that the use of various teaching methods, tailored to the purpose of each lesson, provides functional activities to students, taking into account their individual differences, their needs and interests, as well as appropriate incentives.  Enhancing the visual and auditory memory and raising the attention of the learners in the form of targeted games have been very effective in increasing their interest in mathematics and performing their work activities

Writing motivation relies on students' written output. The aim of this study was to validate the writing motivation questionnaire (SWAS) among first grade high school students. The method of this research is descriptive and of experimental type and its approach is applied. The study population was all first-grade high school students in Yazd in the academic year 2009-2010. The research sample consisted of 460 junior high school students who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The research instrument was the writing motivation questionnaire (SWAS) by Wright, Hodgson and McTighe (2019). Mean, standard deviation and conventional testing methods (validity determination, factor analysis and reliability) were used to analyze the data. The findings of this study show that the writing motivation questionnaire has 5 components as well as a total score of 30 items; it also has good validity, reliability, and fitness in terms of psychometrics. The confirmatory factor structure also confirmed the proposed five-factor model of the questionnaire. In other words, the writing motivation questionnaire has the necessary validity to measure the writing motivation of adolescents in junior high school. In addition, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the subscales of this test is 0.650 to 0.863, which indicates its good reliability. Therefore, it seems that the mentioned questionnaire, due to the strength of the factor structure and appropriate psychometric properties, can be used by other researchers to evaluate teaching, therefore its use is recommended.

Structural changes and challenges that societies are facing due to environmental and technological changes make organizations’ managers inevitably find new ways to handle changes.  The world in the future is not based on labor, raw materials and energy;  rather, it will turn on the axis of knowledge therefore, the value of organizations will depend more than on the abilities and competencies of their managers in the past.  The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of aligning senior managers’ promotion programs and business strategies in improving the competitive capabilities of Iran telecommunications industry. The research has been done by survey method.  The statistical population of the research consists of 67 senior managers of Iran telecommunications industry (board members, line and staff deputies, as well as business center managers). By examining the statistical population and matching the conditions of the managers with the needs of the research, it was observed that some managers do not have the necessary conditions to be members of the sample population, therefore, using the opinions of experts, the characteristics required for the selection of the statistical sample were determined and the conditions of the statistical population was checked with the determined characteristics based on which, 56 people were selected as a statistical sample.A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Validation of the questionnaire was done by Cronbach’s alpha, which coefficient was 94/;  It shows the coherence of the questions. The structure of the questionnaire was checked by confirmatory factor analysis and also, the validity of the questionnaire was checked by the consensus method of experts. For data analysis, the parametric method of chi de Pearson and V. Kramer was used.  The obtained results point to the positive effects of the alignment of the development programs of senior managers and the business strategies of the industry in improving quality, flexibility, costs reduction and increasing the speed of providing services to customers, and it indicates that this convergence  improves the competitive capabilities of Iran telecommunication industry.