نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال بیست و یکم شماره 11 (پیاپی 172، بهمن 1402)

The presence of a child with intellectual disability in the family can cause various psychological problems in parents. One of the variables affected by the presence of a disabled child in the family is internal stigma, which can cause or exacerbate depression in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. This study aimed to determine the relationship between internal stigma and depression in mothers of children with cerebral palsy.

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional-correlational research conducted in 2023. One hundred eighty-five mothers of children with cerebral palsy who were referred to welfare and rehabilitation centers of Urmia City entered the study by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Internal Stigma Scale for mothers of children with intellectual disability, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The study was conducted over seven months. All data were entered into IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The mean score of internalized stigma and depression in participants was 83.33 ± 49.62 and 17.59 ± 13.53, respectively. High levels of depression were reported in 21.6% of the participants. Moreover, a significant direct linear relationship was found between internalized stigma and depression among participants (r = .47, p < .001).

The results suggest that internal stigma caused by having a child with cerebral palsy can be related to mothers’ depression. Awareness of Health officials and policymakers about this relationship can make more visible the importance of applying scientific and practical measures to change people’s attitudes in this field and, as a result, reducing the internal stigma of mothers of children with cerebral palsy.

University students, as part of the youth of the society, are not safe from various psychological and social harms and are sometimes exposed to substance abuse. Stress, as a psychological phenomenon, plays a role in the occurrence of mental disorders, including drug abuse disorders. Coping methods should be used to reduce mental pressure and create adaptation. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the relationship between drug abuse tendency and coping strategies in students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study, students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences were selected using random sampling. Demographic questionnaires, addiction tendency questionnaire and Lazarus and Folkman coping skills questionnaire were completed by 390 students. SPSS version 20 software was used for data analysis. The research data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson test.

The mean score of students' tendency towards materials was 33.8±5 and the mean score of coping styles was 105.19±2.39. Pearson's test showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between the tendency to drugs addiction in students and the coping method focused on solving the problem (P=0.793). However, this test showed a statistically significant relationship between the tendency to drugs addiction in students with the emotion-focused coping method (P=0.013; r=0.126).

The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between drug addiction in medical students and coping method focused on emotion. Therefore, the university authorities should include in their work plan the provision of a suitable platform for teaching students appropriate coping methods.

Schemas arise due to the failure to fulfill the primary emotional needs of childhood. A person who has mental health can adaptively satisfy these basic emotional needs. The present study was conducted to test the modeling of primary maladaptive schemas in the positive thinking of Yazd nursing students with the mediation of cognitive emotion regulation.

This was a descriptive and correlational study. The statistical population included all Yazd Paramedical University nursing students in 2021-2022. Among the 800 students, 183 females and 77 males were selected using the Random sampling. The research tools included Garnevsky's Emotional Cognitive Questionnaire (2001), SF-SQ Early Inconsistent Schemas Questionnaire, Yang and Braun (2005), and Ingram and Wysinski's Positive Thinking Questionnaire (1998). Descriptive and inferential statistics methods (Pearson correlation, Path analysis, and Structural Equation Model) were used to analyze the data using SPSS ver. 25.0 and AMOS 24 software. P = 0.01 was considered significant.

The findings showed that cognitive emotion regulation can significantly mediate between the primary maladaptive schemas and students' positive thinking. The results of structural equation modeling showed that none of the primary maladaptive schemas could directly and significantly predict positive thinking. Positive cognitive discipline directly, positively, and significantly (0.69) predicts positive thinking in nursing students. Negative cognitive discipline directly, negatively, and significantly (-0.17) predicts positive thinking in nursing students.

The results showed that it is possible to increase positive thinking in nursing students by using schema therapy techniques and modifying maladaptive schemas. Considering the mediating role of cognitive emotions, it is suggested that universities of medical sciences help students increase their positive thinking by holding educational workshops on cognitive regulation of emotions.

"Medicalization" is how non-medical and social problems are defined and managed as medical problems. Today, unnecessary medical interventions are used excessively in low-risk pregnancies and births, which leads to excessive intervention during pregnancy and childbirth. Research shows the connection between unnecessary interventions and fear of childbirth and childbirth experiences. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the relationship between medicalized childbirth care and the fear of childbirth and childbirth experience in nulliparous women with natural childbirth..

This descriptive cross-sectional correlation study was conducted on 250 nulliparous pregnant women with natural delivery referred to Fatemeh Zahra Hospital of Miandoab in 2022. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. The data collection tools were the personal characteristics and midwifery records, the fear of childbirth questionnaire, the childbirth experiences questionnaire, and the checklist of medical care of labor and childbirth. Questionnaires were completed after the pregnant women had signed written consent forms. Data were analyzed in SPSS software ver. 16.0 using t-test, chi-square tests, analysis of variance, logistic regression, and correlation coefficient.

The results showed that the mean score of fear of childbirth was 74.93 ± 8.99, and the mean score of childbirth experience was 41.34 ± 3.42. The hospitalization before the onset of labor pains, continuous fetal monitoring, and premature rupture of the water sac were directly related to having a severe fear of childbirth. The results also showed that continuous fetal monitoring, labor pain strength induction, and fundal pressure during labor were significantly inversely related to having childbirth experience..

Some unnecessary midwifery interventions increase the fear of childbirth and the unpleasant experience of childbirth. It seems necessary to modify health policies for proper care for low-risk births.

Acute kidney injury after childbirth is a rare disorder. However, it can have long-term consequences for the mother and the baby. Among the risk factors causing acute kidney injury are placental abruption and preeclampsia. The purpose of this article is to describe a case of postpartum acute renal failure that occurred in connection with placental abruption and preeclampsia.

Case report: 

The patient was referred at 33 weeks and five days of gestation based on ultrasound with complaints of labor pain and vaginal treatment. Our report is an interesting case for several reasons: a patient underwent a cesarean section with suspicion of placental abruption and was then treated for suspicion of preeclampsia and finally diagnosed with acute renal failure. Also, differential diagnosis was difficult due to the increase in liver function tests and the outflow of serous fluid.

Paying attention to the risk factors of Acute kidney failure plays a significant role in better management of midwifery services. Therefore, placental abruption and its risk factors should be carefully evaluated as an independent risk factor for perinatal mortality.

With the professionalization of nursing and the increase in society's need for professional nurses, professional identity has been considered a vital and influential factor in the quality of nursing care and the recovery of patients' health. Nursing students internalize norms, values, knowledge, and skills through professional socialization that begins with their academic period, which is essential for their future professional roles and self-development. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the socialization and professional identity level at Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2022.

This research is a descriptive cross-sectional-correlation study. The population included all nursing students in the 4th to eighth semesters. One hundred ten nursing students were selected using convenience sampling. The social acceptability measurement scale and professional identity questionnaire were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.

The mean score for professional socialization was 137.57± 31.75. The mean score in the dimensions of valuation and recognition of profession was 36.60 ± 9.17; professional skills were 56.27 ± 25.64; management and organizational was 35.74 ± 8.58; and interpersonal communications was 9.5 ± 3.26. The participant's professional identity total score was 50.13 ± 8.26.

The student's overall professional socialization and professional identity were medium. The student's professional socialization was at a medium level for valuing and understanding the profession, management and organizational policies, and interpersonal communication. However, it was weak in professional skills. It is recommended that students' identity and professional sociability be improved as the functional basis of patient care by analyzing the processes and related actions.

The biomedical model looks at how the body works, especially when it comes to sex, but it does not pay much attention to things like feelings and how people relate to each other. The psychobiosocial model helps couples improve their sexual pleasure and intimacy by combining medical help with psychological and social support. This approach looks at all aspects of a couple's life to understand and solve their sexual problems.

Background & Aim</span>:</span> Reducing the total fertility rate below the replacement level of the population and the annual decrease of the population is one of the problems of Iranian society today. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and perceived social support on the intention to have children in married women.</span></span></span></span></span>
Materials &Methods</span>:</span> This descriptive cross-sectional-correlation study was conducted from July 2022 to October 2023 on 345 eligible women in 8 selected sites affiliated with Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was done in two stages. First, stratified sampling was performed to select the facilities. Then, the participants were selected using a simple random method. Data was collected through demographics, fertility tendency, self-efficacy, and perceived social support questionnaires. SPSS software version 28.0 was used to analyze the data. ANOVA tests, Tukey's post hoc test, Pearson's correlation test, and multiple linear regression were used</span>.</span></span></span></span></span>
Result</span>:</span> The self-efficacy had an inverse and significant correlation with the intention to have children (r=0.199, P<0.001). The perceived social support had a direct and significant correlation with the intention to have children (r=0.112, P<0.05). Self-efficacy and perceived social support did not significantly affect the intention to have children. Among the demographic variables, being an employee (β=-0.219, P<0.005) was a negative predictor of the intention to have children.</span></span></span></span></span>
Conclusion</span>:</span> According to the present study, demographic characteristics affected the intention to have children. So, being an employee is considered a threatening factor for women's intention to have children.</span> Thus, government support such as remote work options for working women, more vacation days or hourly leave (for breastfeeding or caring for children), low-cost and high-quality institutional kindergartens, and more cooperation with working women can be helpful.</span></span></span></span></span></span>