Analytical & Bioanalytical Electrochemistry
Volume:16 Issue: 2, Feb 2024

A film is developed on the surface of the carbon paste electrode by electro-ionic depositing of thiosemicarbazide (TSC) chemical substance and electropolymerized with paraphenylenediamine (PPD) and the modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) was constructed at physiological pH 7.5 in PBS buffer solution. The bioactive molecules of dopamine (DP) and uric acid (UA) electro-chemical distinctiveness were studied by cyclic voltammetry method. TSC/poly(paraphenylenediamine) MCPE was used to examine DP and UA by cyclic voltammetric (CV), and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The addition of research constraints distressing the electrocatalytic action on MCPE such as the effect of pH, scan rate, and concentration differentiations are studied. The limit of detection of DP and UA were premeditated by CV as 1.34 µM and 4.19 µM, respectively. The modified electrode illustrated advanced sensitivity and selectivity for the synchronized determination of DP and UA, and the unclean consequence is also eradicated by this MCPE.

The trend upwards using green, safe, and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors has led to many studies being conducted on plant extracts and presenting them as an ideal alternative candidate. Here, Fig leaf extract (FLE) was prepared quickly at a low temperature (313K) to preserve the main chemical composition and distilled water as the solvent of extraction. This green inhibitor was employed to prevent steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid 1 M. The inhibitory efficacy, adsorption, and action mechanism of this prepared inhibitor were assessed using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and gravimetric measurements. Thermodynamic analysis and adsorption isotherms have been, also, applied to elucidate the adsorption mechanism. The obtained results have shown that FLE is of a mixed type, follows the Langmuir isotherm and his inhibitory efficiency reached a maximum of 94%. The formation of an inhibitor film chemically adsorbed was confirmed by the analysis of corrosion process activation parameters, and also by a rise in inhibition efficiency as temperature was increased. These findings were validated by FTIR and FTIR second derivative spectra. Steel surface morphology was investigated using SEM techniques and XRD analysis. A satisfactory corrosion inhibitory effect on acid steel was brought by fig leaf extract, which is in line with the desire for the use of environmentally friendly, non-toxic products.

Potassium iodate was employed as a mediator with concentrated sulfuric acid to electrochemically oxidize substituted secondary alcohols in a biphasic medium with platinum electrodes. Using potassium iodate as a mediator in a biphasic medium, ketones were successfully generated from secondary alcohols. 1-phenyl ethanol is electrochemically oxidized to acetophenone in a biphasic medium. With maximum selectivity and good yields, the several substituted alcohols were successfully converted to ketones. The Platinum electrode had much more electrochemical activity and electrochemical products, according to the HPLC study that followed. The product aromatic ketones were described using UV, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and the percentage of product yield was calculated using HPLC. Many secondary alcohols could also be converted to the appropriate ketones at room temperature, with isolated yields ranging from 80 to 95%. During recycling, the product's purity remained intact. It appears that this concept can grow while remaining pollution-free as a result.

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are utilized in many arenas. They can be formulated via various methods for example eco-friendly synthesis, this method contains infinite accession to create MONPs with required properties. Most plants have features as supportable and renewable providers compared with enzymes and microbes, as they have the ability to collect nearly 75% of the energy of light and transform it into energy of chemical, which play fundamental roles in the manufacture of nanoparticles due to containing sugars and antioxidants. In this research green method was applied for the preparation of a novel type of coated wire electrodes for potentiometric determination of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in pure and pharmaceutical commercial based on metal oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized chemical and green sources, leaves extract of Myrtus communis and Mentha, respectively. The electro-active material ciprofloxacin-molybdophosphoric acid (CFX-PM) was made via mixing CFX with molybdophosphoric acid (PM) with used n-Di butyl phthalate (DBP) as a plasticizer. More sensitive sensors were given a Nernst slope equal to 57.89, 58.71, and 59.69 mVdecade-1 with a linear range around 9.0×10-9-1.0×10-2, 1.0×10-9-1.0×10-2 and 1.5×10-9-1.0×10-2 mol.L-1 and the limit of detections were 7.3×10-10, 5.0×10-10 and 1.2×10-10 mol.L-1 with correlation coefficients were 0.9995, 0.9994, and 0.9991 with lifetime equal to 35,36 and 41days for ZnO NPs, ZnO NPs with leaves extract of  Myrtus communis and Mentha coated wire electrodes, respectively. The results displayed excellent selectivity and sensitivity of the improved coated wire electrodes with nanometal oxide for the determination of the ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in original samples and marketable formula.

The microscopic arrangement of alloys has a significant influence on their electrical, thermal, mechanical, and catalytic properties. In this respect, we have developed nickel-cobalt alloy films by electrodeposition on an ITO glass substrate while examining nucleation and growth processes during the first steps of electrocrystallization. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) approved stoichiometry (1,1) of the alloy elaborated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the Co-Ni binary electrodeposited at different potentials crystallizes in a cubic structure that belongs to the Pm3̅m space group. From chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry curves, we concluded that the Co-Ni/ITO system is quasi-reversible, with diffusion of Ni2+ and Co2+ cations being the controlling step.  The ascending part of the current-time transients investigation has shown that the Ni-Co electrodeposition mechanism is characterized by instantaneous nucleation in line with 3D growth.  This result is confirmed by comparison of the experimental chronoamperometry data with the theoretical models of Scharifker and Hills on the one hand, and Bewick, Fleischmann, and Thirsk on the other.

In this study, Hydroxyapatite coatings were electrochemically deposited into 316L stainless steel to be used in biomedical applications, such as bone implants. In this regard, the current investigation was conducted on a physiologically mimicked environment to emphasize its effects on the durability and biocompatibility of the coated stainless steel. The study accentuates on three kinds of stainless-steel surfaces: Blank 316L stainless steel surface (SS-316L), Anodized surface (ANSS-316L), and Hydroxyapatite treated surface (HASS-316L). The coating surface has been done by a solution containing 0.042 mol/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca (NO3)24H2O) and 0.025 mol/L of orthophosphoric acid. To examine the electrochemical behavior of the three samples and determine their characteristics, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and polarization Tafel curves with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), have been used. The outcomes demonstrate that hydroxyapatite deposited on stainless steel increases the corrosion resistance of metal implants which may enhance its durability and biocompatibility.