نشریه فقهی و حقوقی عرشیان فارس
پیاپی 8 (زمستان 1402)

A pauper or a broke individual is someone unable to meet their financial obligations and, under certain conditions, is prohibited from possessing property. They face legal consequences such as being deprived of their property, having their property allocated to their creditors, and even incarceration. This research aims to examine the relevant rulings in Imamiyah jurisprudence. Since some of the rulings concerning paupers, such as imprisonment, are subject to debate, a comprehensive investigation of pauper-related rulings and their documentation is essential.The findings of this study indicate that contrary to the viewpoint of certain jurists, such as Muhaddith Bahrani, who dismiss the prohibition of financial seizures on paupers based on specific arguments, creditors have the right to request that the indebted individual be declared as broke under the conditions specified by the Islamic legal authorities and prohibit them from possessing property. Furthermore, considering the division of pauper activities into valid and invalid categories, some actions of paupers are legally permissible. This research has been conducted using library sources and a descriptive-analytical method.

E-commerce as a growing industry has created many challenges for the interaction of customs, jurisprudence and law. One of these challenges is the communication between these three areas. In the interaction of customs and e-commerce, there is a need for coordination and understanding between customs rules and regulations and e-commerce rules. This issue becomes the correct interpretation of laws and regulations in two areas by lawyers and jurists in the interaction of customs and electronic commerce. In jurisprudence and law, the interpretation and adaptation of existing laws to electronic commerce creates special challenges. For example, determining jurisdiction over electronic interactions, determining the concept of an electronic contract and its legal requirements, the issue of privacy and information security in electronic commerce, etc. In addition, communication between customs laws and regulations and e-commerce also brings challenges. For example, determining the methods of electronic authentication and verification in electronic commerce, the issue of calculating and determining taxes and customs duties for electronic goods and how to implement them, etc. Finally, the correct interpretation of laws and regulations and effective interaction between lawyers, jurists and customs officials in e-commerce is very vital to protect the interests and rights of all people and to provide appropriate answers to the challenges of this field.

Euthanasia, or compassionate death, means the act of killing, allowing the death, or assisting in the death of a person suffering from an incurable disease. In Persian language, the meanings of this title are "easy death", "easy death", "mercy murder", "mercy murder". There are two types of athanasia, which are; active and passive athanasia; Carrying out measures such as injecting a fatal potassium chloride ampoule, etc., to a sick person so that he dies, is called active euthanasia, and passive euthanasia means stopping the steps of medicine, treatment, and surgery, etc., so that he dies naturally. to loseThe current study aims to achieve the effect of the victim's consent in the fall of retribution from the perspective of the jurisprudence of Islamic schools, with a descriptive-analytical research method, in order to determine the effect of the victim's consent and the willingness of the crime victim to commit a criminal act against him or amnesty. To what extent does the perpetrator have an effect on his part after the crime or after the result is realized? The result of the research shows that from the religious point of view, due to the lack of ownership of one's own body and soul, and the extreme sanctity of killing one's self and others, both in terms of verses and traditions, as well as intellectually and morally, and the monopoly of deciding on the death and life of humans only For the nature of God and the inability of pain and suffering as a legal and moral license for death and departure from the natural path of death and the corruptions and abuses caused by athanasia, this work is forbidden.

E-marketing is an effective way to improve the performance and performance of businesses in compliance with legal principles. In this regard, observing ethical principles, paying attention to customers' rights, using advanced technologies, using social networks, providing a suitable online shopping experience, using customer feedback and analyzing the market and competitions are among the important factors in electronic marketing..By adhering to ethical principles, customers can benefit from respect for their privacy, honest and transparent advertising, and favorable after-sales service. Also, paying attention to customers' rights through providing quality services, answering questions and providing a positive shopping experience can help improve customer satisfaction..The use of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analysis and robotics adds new capabilities to electronic marketing. These technologies can help improve marketing processes by analyzing the market, identifying customer needs, preparing and presenting effective content and advertisements..The use of social networks allows marketers to be in direct contact with their cusomers, provide attractive content and take advantage of targeted advertising in these networks..Providing a good online shopping experience is also very important. Easy user interface, fast page loading, secure online payment and fast shipping of products can improve the shopping experience and contribute to customer satisfaction..Customer comments and feedback can also be used as a reliable and useful source to improve products and services. On the other hand, analysis of the market and competitors provides the identification of opportunities and a suitable strategy for competition in the market.E-marketing allows businesses to develop their target market and increase customer satisfaction by complying with legal principles and using advanced technologies. Due to the increasing growth of e-commerce, the importance of e-marketing for the success and growth of businesses has increased more than before.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are changing industries and business processes. One of the important techniques in this field is artificial intelligence, which facilitates the improvement of business processes and decisions.Artificial intelligence allows machines to recognize hidden patterns and relationships in data using advanced algorithms and neural networks. This information can be used to improve business processes and decisions.Using artificial intelligence, sophisticated forecasting and analysis algorithms can be used to predict market trends, demand and sales volume. This information allows users to make better decisions in the field of production, distribution and marketing.Additionally, artificial intelligence can help improve operational processes. By analyzing organizational data, it is possible to identify weak points and improvements in processes and suggest changes. This allows organizations to improve their performance and operate more efficiently and optimally.However, jurisprudence and ethics must be considered in the use of artificial intelligence in business decisions and processes. The importance of privacy, human interaction and ethical values in using data and making decisions through artificial intelligence is very important.As a result, it is possible to improve business processes and decisions by relying on artificial intelligence and machine learning, but paying attention to jurisprudence and ethics is very fundamental in this process.

The realization of the concept of criminal justice requires guaranteeing the rights of individuals and determining the guarantee of practical and decisive implementation against the violation of fair trial standards. Fair trial means the general guarantees that are provided in the judicial mechanism to respect the rights of the parties in the trial process of all kinds of lawsuits before a competent, independent, impartial court. Therefore, the implementation of fair proceedings within the framework of the laws prevents the generalization of unfair and arbitrary examples. The research aims to explain the issue of fair proceedings in Iranian and French laws by descriptive-analytical method, and aims to compare examples of fair proceedings and in this way promote fair proceedings. As a result, experience has shown that the rights of the accused are more vulnerable at this stage compared to other stages of criminal proceedings, and French law can be used to eliminate the gaps in Iran's criminal law. In addition, the examination of Iranian and French law shows the commonality of the concept of fair trial; However, in the realization of some examples and the way they are used, such as using a lawyer in the proceedings, they have a semantic difference with each other.

Social characteristics and the natural, instinctive and rational needs of humans have always been the origin of the relationship between humans. The history of these relationships also began from the time when mankind was forced to cooperate with the surrounding environment for the growth and development of this relationship. Due to the benefit of each land from special God-given gifts and its lack of concentration in all lands, social man has tried to communicate with other people in the form of primitive social units and primitive societies since ancient times. Societies add to their perfection and through this way, exchange, influence, influence has been an obvious thing between human societies and humans. Therefore, the principle of relationship is inevitable for humans as a main social being. In this research, while examining the necessity of relationships between human societies, and the evolution of this relationship, especially in the form of modern communication under the title of international relations, the perspective We will study Imam Khomeini's attitude towards international relations from the point of view of jurisprudence.