Health Nexus
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2024

While it is known that focusing on positive attributes and capabilities can enhance psychological resilience, the specific effectiveness of strength-based therapy in improving self-efficacy and life satisfaction among athletes remains unexplored. By emphasizing positive attributes and capabilities, strength-based therapy aims to enhance athletes' psychological resilience and overall well-being, which are crucial in the highly competitive and physically demanding world of sports. Therefore, this study investigates the effectiveness of strength-based therapy in enhancing the self-efficacy and life satisfaction of athletes. The study used a quasi-experimental design with 50 competitive athletes aged 18-35. The methodology included an 8-week intervention focusing on leveraging individual strengths, goal setting, and resilience building. Outcomes were measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. To examine these differences, an analysis of variance with repeated measures, coupled with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test, was conducted using SPSS-26. Results indicated significant improvements in both self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the experimental group compared to the control group. The study concludes that strength-based therapy positively impacts athletes' psychological well-being, suggesting its potential for broader application in sports therapy.

This study aimed to investigate the multifaceted relationships between mindful parenting, family relationships, and mothers' reflective functioning with the emotional social adaptation of children with autism. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all mothers with autistic children in the city of Kut. The sample included 200 mothers of children with autism, selected through convenience sampling. The research instruments were: the Children's Social Skills Questionnaire (Payton, 2008), Reflective Functioning (Yousefi, 2023), Mindful Parenting (McCaffrey, 2017), and Family Relationships by Barnes and Olson (1987). For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression) were used. The results showed that among the predictor variables, mindful parenting and its dimensions, relationship with spouse, and balanced reflective functioning had a significant relationship with the emotional social adaptation of children with autism. Among the mentioned variables, mindful parenting, relationship with spouse, and acceptance of the child had predictive power for emotional social adaptation. Based on these results, it can be said that improving the variables of parenting is beneficial for enhancing the emotional social adaptation of children.

This study aimed to develop an educational-psychological manual for parenting after divorce based on positive parenting and to investigate its effectiveness on emotion regulation. The research employed a mixed-method approach, incorporating qualitative phenomenology. The study population consisted of 16 custodial parents selected through purposive sampling from visitors to a family court complex in Tehran, employing semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using the seven-step process by Colaizzi. The quantitative section of the research was a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population was 177 parents, of whom 26 were selected through convenience sampling from parents who responded to the Shields and Cicchetti Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (1997) and whose children scored lower. These participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The qualitative research findings led to 7 main themes and 46 sub-themes. The quantitative findings showed that the developed educational-psychological manual has a significant effect on the emotion regulation of children of divorce (p < 0.001). Therefore, the educational-psychological manual based on positive parenting can be used for the emotional regulation problems of children after divorce.

Microgravity is an environment incompatible with human physiology that induces unique physiological changes to the body. Exposure to microgravity environment can cause some possible physiological hazards, such as impairment of immune function, bone mass and skeletal muscle mass, in addition to possible negative psycological alterations (depression, anxiety, apathy, and personality changes). These pysico-physiological changes negatively impact health status and quality of life and result in operational difficulties on a space mission for the astronauts. Countermeasures designed to lessen the effect of microgravity on the human body include daily physical exercise and rehabilitation, psychotherapy, specific diets, pharmaceutical treatments, and the use of technologies. Virtual reality (VR) added to physical exercise programs, in the training and preparation of the astronauts for the space missions, could have more exuberant effects. Therefore, the aim of this perspective article is to present the application of VR and physical exercise as countermeasures for training and preparation before, during and after a space missions.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity on hematological parameters, specifically lymphocytes, white blood cells (WBC), and platelets, among middle-aged individuals infected with COVID-19. The objective was to determine whether physical activity levels are associated with differences in these key immune markers.Across-sectional study design was utilized, encompassing 144 middle-aged (35-60 years) COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Birjand city. Participants were categorized into active and inactive groups based on their self-reported physical activity levels. Hematological parameters, including lymphocyte, WBC, and platelet counts, were measured and analyzed. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare differences between groups.The study revealed significant differences in hematological parameters between physically active and inactive patients. Active individuals exhibited higher mean lymphocyte counts (2.48 ± 0.33 vs. 2.47 ± 0.34, p>0.05), WBC (6.55 ± 1.25 vs. 6.52 ± 1.24, p>0.05), and platelet counts (250.50 ± 45.00 vs. 249.95 ± 44.95, p>0.05) compared to their inactive counterparts, although the differences were not statistically significant, suggesting a potential modulatory effect of physical activity on immune markers in COVID-19 patients.Physical activity may have a beneficial impact on the immune response of middle-aged COVID-19 patients, as indicated by the differences in key hematological parameters between active and inactive individuals. However, the observed differences were not statistically significant, underscoring the need for further research to explore the relationship between physical activity and immune function in the context of COVID-19. Future studies should aim to employ longitudinal designs, objective measures of physicalactivity, and broader population samples to validate and extend these findings.

The current research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the paradoxical therapy model on behavioral emotion regulation, perceived rejection, and cognitive state of retirees from Bank Melli in Tehran. The study employed a quasi-experimental method with experimental and control groups in a pretest-posttest design. The population consisted of all male and female retirees of Bank Melli Tehran in 2023, and based on a convenience sampling method, 30 individuals were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups. The data collection tools included the Kraaij and Garnefski Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2019), the Leary and MacDonald Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (2010), and the Nejati Cognitive Skills Questionnaire (2013). The paradoxical therapy sessions comprised six 60-minute sessions held weekly. Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance with the SPSS software package. The results showed a significant difference in the linear combination of scores for behavioral emotion regulation, perceived rejection, and cognitive state of the retirees participating in this study based on the group (F = 7.669, sig = 0.0001). Furthermore, the eta-squared coefficients indicated that 78.2% of the variance in the dependent variables was accounted for by the grouping variables (experimental and control groups). Thus, the implementation of the paradoxical therapy approach has improved emotional regulation behavior and cognitive state, and reduced the scores for perceived rejection.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on psychological well-being, resilience, and hope for life among patients with coronary heart disease and high blood pressure who attended Shahid Rajaei Hospital. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and a 3-month follow-up, including a control group. The study population included all individuals with a diagnosis of coronary heart disease and high blood pressure. The sample consisted of 30 patients selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. Data were collected using Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale (1989), Bond et al.'s Resilience Scale (2011), and Snyder et al.'s Life Hope Scale (1991). The ACT intervention was conducted over eight 90-minute sessions held weekly; however, the control group received no intervention. Data analysis was performed using a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS-26. Findings indicated that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy significantly enhances psychological well-being, resilience, and hope for life in patients with coronary heart disease and high blood pressure (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ACT can improve psychological well-being, resilience, and life expectancy in patients with coronary heart disease and high blood pressure. Therefore, this approach can be used alongside medical interventions in healthcare centers.

Currently, obesity is considered a major health threat in developed countries. Various approaches have historically provided different solutions for individuals with obesity. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and Life Therapy on emotion regulation and eating attitudes in women with obesity. The present research was a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test with a control group and follow-up period. The sample consisted of 45 women with obesity who sought treatment at the Omid Clinic of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital. They were selected through purposive non-random sampling and randomly assigned into two experimental groups (schema therapy and Life Therapy) and one control group. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) by Garnefski et al. (2002) and the Eating Attitude Test (EAT) by Garner and Garfinkel (1979) were employed. Each experimental group underwent eight 90-minute sessions of either schema therapy or Life Therapy, while the control group received no intervention. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The findings indicated that both schema therapy and Life Therapy significantly affect emotion regulation and eating attitudes (p < 0.05). Moreover, Life Therapy was found to be more effective than schema therapy in improving emotion regulation and eating attitudes (p < 0.05).It can be concluded that both schema therapy and Life Therapy are effective in improving emotion regulation and attitudes towards eating in women with obesity, with Life Therapy being more effective. Thus, these approaches can be utilized alongside medical interventions and care in treatment centers.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of recovery-oriented cognitive therapy on emotion recognition and the quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. The research method was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The study population included all schizophrenia patients hospitalized in the 24-hour mental health centers of Tehran in 2022. The sample size consisted of 30 individuals (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) selected through convenience sampling and were placed into the experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, recovery-oriented cognitive therapy was implemented, while the control group remained on the waiting list. The research tools included the Facial Emotion Recognition Test (Ekman & Friesen, 1976) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (World Health Organization, 1996). The results indicated that recovery-oriented cognitive therapy had a significant effect on emotion recognition and quality of life in the post-test and follow-up stages. The findings provide useful information regarding recovery-oriented cognitive therapy, and psychologists and psychiatrists can use this intervention to improve emotion recognition and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia.

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of solution-focused therapy and dialectical behavior therapy on self-care and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. The present research was a semi-experimental pre-test, post-test with control group design including a follow-up period. The study population consisted of women with diabetes attending a health care center in District 6 of Tehran, of whom 45 were purposively selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (solution-focused therapy and dialectical behavior therapy) and one control group. The Self-Care Self-Efficacy Questionnaire by Lu (1996) and the WHOQOL BREF quality of life questionnaire were used. The first experimental group underwent seven 90-minute sessions of solution-focused therapy, and the second experimental group underwent eight 90-minute sessions of dialectical behavior therapy. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used for data analysis. Findings indicated that both solution-focused therapy and dialectical behavior therapy significantly improve self-care and quality of life (p < 0.05). Additionally, results showed that dialectical behavior therapy was more effective than solution-focused therapy in improving self-care and quality of life (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both solution-focused therapy and dialectical behavior therapy are effective in improving self-care and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes, with dialectical behavior therapy being more effective. Therefore, these approaches can be utilized alongside medical interventions in clinical settings.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in reducing rumination and enhancing quality of life among girls diagnosed with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). This randomized controlled trial involved 60 participants, diagnosed with BDD, who were recruited from the Pouyesh Clinic in Tehran in 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to either a CBT intervention group or a control group, with each group comprising 30 participants. The intervention consisted of ten 75-minute sessions of CBT specifically tailored to address rumination and improve quality of life. Data were collected at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at a three-month follow-up, and analyzed using Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measurements and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.The CBT intervention led to a significant reduction in rumination, with mean scores decreasing from 18.45 (SD = 3.52) pre-treatment to 13.67 (SD = 3.01) post-treatment, and slightly rising to 14.22 (SD = 2.86) at follow-up. Quality of life significantly improved, increasing from a mean of 42.58 (SD = 4.45) pre-treatment to 49.73 (SD = 4.12) post-treatment, with a slight reduction at follow-up to 48.89 (SD = 3.98). Statistical analysis confirmed significant time effects (F(2, 116) = 19.45, p < 0.001, η² = 0.15) and time × group interaction effects (F(2, 116) = 11.58, p < 0.001, η² = 0.10). The findings suggest that CBT is effective in significantly reducing rumination and improving quality of life among girls with BDD. The intervention showed durability of effects at a three-month follow-up, indicating its potential for long-term benefits. These results support the incorporation of CBT into treatment protocols for BDD to address specific cognitive processes and enhance overall well-being.

This paper provides an in depth evaluate of diverse supervised machine getting to know fashions used for predicting diabetes. It discusses the strengths and barriers of various algorithms together with decision bushes, Random Forest, Rotation Forest Ensemble Classifier diabetic, okay-superstar, Simple Bayes, Logistic Regression, Functional tree, belief neural network, dataset to expect the diabetes, a publically to be had diabetes dataset from the website online /chistio. which include 520 Samples which can be patients and these samples have 200 diabetic sufferers and 320 non-diabetic sufferers and assessment sixteen Features in it. Results are testified on the weka3.6 open-source platform and proven the use of AUC, CA, F1, precision, and recall parameters.