نشریه پژوهش در آموزش زیست شناسی
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 10، بهار و تابستان 1401)

The competence of any educational system depends on the quality of the teachers of that society as the competence of the teachers of that system depends on the quality of the educational system. One of the most important tasks of Farhangian University is to create professional teaching skills in students, which are in the form of theoretical courses and the other parts of which are related to internships and skills training. In this case, a comparative study and comparison of internship curriculum in Farhangian University and the field of countinuous bachelor of nursing (objectives, content, location and evaluation method) has been done and the results show that in the curriculum planning system, in order to achieve the goals of Farhangian University about training efficient teachers, modeling in other disciplines can be helpful. Considering the success of nursing graduates in the field of practice, as well as the equality of the duration of study in these two fields, it seems that modeling of this field and the method of presenting a clinical curriculum in order to move from field of theory to practice in internship, is necessary.

Analytical thinking is the competence needed by students to compete and achieve success in the professional field of this century. Because many students have low thinking skills, the present research was conducted to investigate the optimal learning model for empowering students' analytical thinking. This cross-sectional-analytical research investigated the difference in achieving analytical thinking between students who participated in TPS and PBL learning. This study was conducted by conducting a written exam and interview from the middle of April to the end of May 2022 with the 11th-grade female Biology students in one of the high schools in Isfahan. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test at a significance level of P< 0.05 and with the help of Graph pad prism software and Bonferroni post-tests. The present study's findings show that TPS can strengthen analytical thinking significantly higher than PBL. Therefore, the implementation of TPS in learning biology is recommended as an alternative strategy to improve the analytical thinking ability of high school students.

The content of the textbook determines the level of student activity. On the other hand, the design of the content of the book should be in accordance with the learner's abilities. The analysis of the content of agricultural curriculum resources in technical and professional branches has been neglected despite the essential need for dynamic and attractive content. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to analyze the content of the text, pictures and questions of the basic technical knowledge book, agriculture and food department, technical and vocational branch of the tenth grade of the second period of secondary school in 1400, based on the active-non-active model. William Romi is an activist. The descriptive research method and the study method are of the quantitative content analysis type, and appropriate methods of descriptive statistics (frequency and frequency percentage) and conflict index calculation based on William Romi's formula were used to check the data and information. Based on the findings of the research, the learner's engagement index in the sections of text, pictures and questions was 0.004, 0.043 and 12.5, respectively. The results show that the book is inactive in all three categories of text, images and questions.

Environmental education plays a crucial role in preserving, honoring and improving the environment as well as reducing ecological problems, through the formal education system as the most important culturalization body, by improving the level of knowledge, culture and insight of the society. The current research aims to investigate effective educational methods in environmental education in schools.In a descriptive-survey applied research in 2022-2023 academic year, data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The research tool was based on the Likert spectrum, the validity of which was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.89. The teachers and curriculum planners of the elementary and middle school courses of Ilam city formed the statistical population of the research; where the sample size of 300 and 22 based on the Morgan table and stratified sampling method with random assignment were obtained, for the teachers of the two courses and curriculum planners, respectively. Data analysis was done by t-test  in SPSS software. From the teachers and planners’ point of view on different educational courses, the optimal methods of teaching environmental concepts were effective in each of the elementary and middle schools. The psychological characteristics of students in each educational levels can explain such attitude difference. Improving the quantity and improving the quality of educational programs depends on the way of teaching/learning as well as the application of proper educational methods that are suitable for the audience or student.

Educational innovation is considered as an inevitable program in teacher training program and student learning that leads a passive teacher to a productive teacher. The professional competence of teachers plays a prominent role in the learning, awareness and understanding of students, and the key role of the teacher in relation with students is determined in the heart of education. Facilitation is considered as an indirect method to increase the participation of individuals and groups per unit of time. The present study is based on the action research approach. This study has investigated the lack of attention, lack of interest, lack of motivation and academic progress of secondary school students in the health and hygiene course. Then, the educational facilitation approach using practical and theoretical tools was used to solve the problems observed by the researcher. The present study was conducted in three high schools and conservatories in Aligudarz city in the academic year of 2021-2022. Data was collected qualitatively and quantitatively. SPSS version 22 was used in the analysis. Facilitation was the approach used by the researcher, which was implemented using pre-designed activities in the health and hygiene classroom with the cooperation of students. According to the results, the use of the facilitation approach had a significant effect on the academic progress of students, increasing class participation and increasing interest in the course content.

By investigating the nature of life and discovering the laws of nature, biology attracts students; But it is the teacher's teaching method that can increase or decrease the motivation to learn. The better the learner can communicate between his topics and experiences, the better he understands the lesson; But the important point is that many theoretical topics are not tangible and do not create a correct mental image in the student. One of the effective teaching methods in biology is the use of technology to display visual effects and show the reality. Due to the day-by-day advancement of technology, it is necessary to use the new methods available in the digital age in order to provide more effective learning. The purpose of this study is to introduce effective software in teaching biology and to review the most useful of them. To search for articles, Google Scholar was used and studies that were not in line with the purpose of this study were excluded from the research process. and also, best software was chosen through installation and experience. Programs in the field of biochemical processes, cell division and metabolism, and anatomy were selected and introduced. by using them, learners can better create a correct and coherent image of biological topics and find a higher motivation for learning.