فصلنامه اقتصاد مقداری
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 13، تابستان 1386)

The industrial section has a high potential and at the same time, is counted as a stable driving force toward development. This sector is of a high importance from the aspect of variety, plenty of manufactured products and its employment force. In this study the amount of the industry dependence and its being affected is calculated in relation to the workforce saving. For this sake, the theory of duality is put in to use. The institutions production behavior is scrutinized via Translog production function and various industrial sections behavior is analysed in terms of economic model and according to economic criteria. Within the study the analysis trend is the "SUR" econometric approach and analyzed period is from 1375 to 1383. The study results revealed that the traction between the laborforce and investment is negative for most of the subgategories during the focused years. This is indicative of a complementary relation among the two savings, but in some of the subgategories, like the engine-driven vehile manufacturing industry, the Morishima elasticity substitution is positive for both labor force capital. Also, te traction between the labor force and raw materials is negative for most subgategories, and this means that in most parts, there is a complementary relation between the labor force and raw materials.

This paper is addressing one of the controversial debates about World Trade Organization (WTO) in Iran’s higher education. Four main questions are discussed: the reasons of spreading trade in education, current critics of WTO in Education, the main barriers of free trade in education system and finally Iran’s higher education comparative advantages in joining WTO. The results indicated that Iran’s higher education has competitive advantages in four modes of education delivery which is announced by WTO.

Stock market is an official market where the stocks exchange under the special regulations and naturally there are several factors which interfere in the forming of information, the view of investors and in the stock index of firms. Some of these factors are domestic and the others are results of the condition of outside variable of domestic economic bound. In this regard, world price of oil as a robust exogenous variable, affects on several economic variable like stock exchange index. On the other hand, world price of gold, also, as a very important variable defines several international monetary and financial changes.(Despite the fact that this role decreases during the time). In this paper we have assessed an influence of the world price index of gold and the world price index of oil on the Tehran stock exchange index by using monthly data from 1/1997 to 12/2006 within a framework of a GARCH model. In this model we identify and choose suitable procedure for forecasting dependent variable. Then, we apply a procedure of checking predictive quality of econometric models as proposed by Fair and Shiller (1990) for investigating the impact of world price index of gold and the world price index of oil on the Tehran stock exchange index. We have found that the world price index of gold has relatively more robust impact than the world price index of oil on the Tehran stock exchange index.

From the far past until now, mankind has used various methods of exchanging money for commodity and services to prepare his necessities. Technological quick progress, led to the conversion of money to the present form. Undoubtedly, electronic money has promoted to such an extend that in most cases we can use it instead of currency. In this article, we point out to the features of electronic money as well as the impacts of electronic payment systems on publishers using the production function of "Cobb Douglas", when the internet monetary system and the monetary system based on cell phone technology are used in transactions. The results from the evaluation of the impact of electronic payment systems on publishers show that they led to the growth of innovative investments by the publishers. Also they show that the subordinate profit from producing the internet monetary system is more than the subordinate profit from the monetary system based on cell-phone technology and profit monetary system is less than when only one of these two forms of money are specifically published.

The main objective in this research has been to estimate the economic inequality trend in Hormozgan province and to compare with that of the country as a whole. Doing so, the Gini coefficients are estimated by nonparametric method using microdata for urban and rural areas concerning Hormozgan province and Iran during the 2nd and 3rd socio-economic development plans. Then, applying the Analysis of Variance, the income distribution is compared between two development plans as well as urban and rural areas. The results indicate that the mean inequality in urban and rural areas in Hormozgan has been significantly less than that of in the country as a whole. Rural inequality in Hormozgan has been significantly more than that of in urban inequality. Hormozgan inequality during the third development plan has not been significantly changed comparing with that of the second plan.

Not paying electricity bills on the side of the consumers has created some problems for the Khozestan Water - Power Authority (KWPA), hence calling for a solution to decrease the problem. In this study, some problems due to the lack of electricity payment bills are noted and the pre- payment plan as a residential option suggested by KWPA is considered and its effective factors are taken into account. Since response variable is binary, statistical logistic regression model is used to study the effect on the pre-payment. Findings are then shown in descriptive and inferential statistics using the statistical softwares such as SPSS and SAS.

Most of industrial directors think that research and development expenditure kind of cost and they ignore its profitability. This paper highlights the effect of R&D expenditure on profitability of Iranian industries and Khorasan Razavi corporate firms. The estimated econometrics models based on data collected from 133 industries during 1995-2002, presented by a panel data show that R&D expenditure is an effective factor on profitability.