نشریه توسعه و سرمایه
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 4، پاییز و زمستان 1388)

There are more than 80 percent of production and about 77 percent of acreage of pistachio product of Iran in Kerman province. In Kerman a large amount of agricultures resources have allocated to this product. In this paper we will calculate the technical efficiency sample of pistachio producer in Kerman. There are two approaches to measure technical efficiency. 1) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).  2) Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). In this paper we have used the second approach that suggested by Farel. The production function of stochastic frontier in form of Cubb-Dauglass was estimated whit Maximum Likelihood approach. We have estimates the technical efficiency by frontier soft ware (version 4.1).The data of this research related to 109 producers in two cross section, (1382-1383 and 1383-1384). The average of technical efficiency was 83 percent in this sample. We have illustrated that relationship between technical efficiency and acreage of production is negative. We have classified data in four categories and have used the technique of analysis variance for testing equity of average of technical efficiency in these four categories. The null hypothesis is rejected that is the averages of technical efficiency in these categories are not equal.

This paper studies the impact of accounting variables include earnings, dividends and book value on share prices and their predictive power for share prices. The main purpose of the study, indicate which of dividends, book value and earnings have more explanatory and predictive power. Hence are survived 159 firms of Tehran Stock Exchange in period 1381-1385. Our methodology of examining the information content of accounting variables is based on cross-sectional regressions of share price on the value measures. The results of the study show that earnings have the most explanatory power and book value has less explanatory power. In the compound model of earnings and book value, "earnings", and in the compound model of dividends and book value, "dividends" rather than "book value", are significant variable in the explanatory power of models.In the all years, except 1384, the explanatory power of the compound model of earnings and book value is more than the compound model of dividends and book value. The explanatory power of the valuation model that includes all three variables (earnings, dividends and book value) is the greatest. Earnings have the most predictive power and book value has less predictive power.

In this paper, by using of discretionary accruals and working capital discretionary accruals, the incentives of earnings management are reviewed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 1379-1384. The investigated incentives are firm size, debt ratio, profit ratio (ROI), deviation in operating activities, and earnings variability. To investigating the relationship between earnings management and each of incentives, multiple variable regression analysis with accumulated (pooled) data is used. Discretionary accruals model, introduce the profit ratio as the only incentive to earnings management but, working capital discretionary accruals model, introduce the profit ratio, firm size and earnings variability as the incentives to earnings management in Iran. Comparison the results of two models, proved that, the working capital discretionary accruals model is efficient than discretionary accruals model.

In this research we have surveyed the ability of liquidity ratios abtain from cash flow statement to predict bankruptcy of companies that accepted in Tehran capital market. For this proposes we applied Regression Logistic Model (RLM) and other statistical techniques to predict bankruptcy in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Evaluation of model was conducted by using information two groups of corporations which accepted in TSE .The first group composed of 40 numbers of   bankrupted   corporations and the second group composed of 40 bankruptcy companies. In order to designing mathematical model we used four following ratios:1) cash flows to assets ratio 2) cash flows to sum of liabilities ratio 3) cash flows to current liabilities ratio 4) cash flows to net sales ratio. Statistical results of model show a significant co-liner between cash flows to assets and cash flows to sales ratios. The result of research model indicates the validity of model among the sample group. Finally by elimination of cash flows to assets ratio, model designed and the result show , the model are valuable to predicting bankruptcy of corporations. Also model designed able to predict bankruptcy for two years before it occur and ability of prediction reduce whit past time, because of unclear prediction indexes.

Iran's Carpet export started to decline in 1994 and that trend has continued to day. Because of particularity of Kerman carpet the downward trend has been more severe in Kerman. This paper has thus tried to examine the economic problems of the carpet in Kerman. Research methodology of the paper is descriptive and it is based on cause and effect method. The study was done in 2007 in a sectional form, and questioners were used to gather the needed information. In order to do a comparison between the problems of the three sectors of production, consumption and exportation; with the help of experts, a questioner was designed. 114 of the questioners which were distributed among producers, exporters, and other people related to Kerman’s hand woven carpets. Using Analytic Hierarchy Processs (AHP) relevant problems have been classified. According to the attained results of the study first degree problems regarding production, consumption and exportation of Kerman’s hand woven carpet are related to the government, second degree problems are related to the market, third and fourth degree problems are related to the competitors and to the private sector respectively.

This study is to investigate the relationship between staff's empowerment and organizational effectiveness in state organizations and administrations in Rafsanjan. Staff's empowerment is measured through aspects such as feeling of merit, confidence, effectiveness, autonomy, and feeling of having a meaningful and significant career. Organizational effectiveness is measured by methods which are based on the internal procedure of organizations through factors such as organizational culture, organizational situation, human relations, decision-making method, and organizational rewards. The research method which was used in the current study is descriptive-co relational. Population of the present research consists of the staff in state organizations and administrations in Rafsanjan. To select target sample, random stratified sampling was used. After checking the validity and reliability of two questionnaires, they were administered to 325 respondents. Then, collected data were entered into SPSS statistical software and analyzed by using descriptive statistics as mean, median, frequency table and various figures as well as inferential statistics as Spearman's correlation and Kendall test.Analyzed data showed a significant relationship between staff's empowerment and organizational effectiveness of state organizations and administrations in Rafsanjan. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found among staff's feeling of merit, confidence, effectiveness, autonomy, their feeling of having a significant job and organizational effectiveness in state organizations and administrations in Rafsanjan.

In this research we investingated the usefulness of accounting information in predicting earnings management. We investigated a sample includes 109 firms listed in TSE that adjusted annual EPS. We found that firms adjusted earnings have high marked expectations for future earnings growth (capital market pressures) and have higher levels of leverage(contracting incentive). Finally, we documented that information of accruals, is not a key indicator of the earnings manipulation that lead to the adjusted EPS. In the other word, the evidence suggests that capital market participants can gain substantial information from a carfeful consideration in adjusted EPS reports.