دو ماهنامه دانشور رفتار
پیاپی 34 (اردیبهشت 1388)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in improvement of relapse prevention skills and mental health in the addicted. The statistical population was all the addicted who were successfully detoxificated. For experimental group fifteen addicts were selected based on the available sample and for control group, fifteen subjects were paired with subjects of experimental group. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral group therapy during twelve 90-minute sessions. The control group did not receive any treatment. Later, all participants completed the GHQ-28 inventory as pretest, posttest and 2 month follow up questionnaire. After treatment, urine test was performed for pre- test and follow up to identify relapsed individuals. The results revealed that cognitive-behavioral group therapy has significant effects on the improvement of relapse prevention skills and mental health in the addicts.

In this research the effectiveness of "mindfulness training" on eliminating depression and mental rumination of students was examined. Therefore, a sample of 36 depressed (12 male and 24 female) were randomly selected and assigned to the training and control groups. All patients filled in "Beck,s Depression Inventory" and "Rumination Questionnaire" before and after training. The experimental groups received 8 eight two-hour sessions of mindfulness training each week. The control group was kept intact. The results of analysis of covariance showed a significant reduction in depression and rumination of the training group compared to the control group (p<.01). The qualitative observation indicated that this method is also effective in increasing concentration.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of "life-skills" training on stress and Youth's stress-coping methods in pseudo family centers. 50 individuals (30 girls and 20 boys) were selected from the available sample in the youth pseudofamily centers: 15 centers in Isfahan, 25 in Khomeini Shahr and 10 in Shahr Reza. These samples were randomly divided into two groups, as control and experimental groups. In the participants in the experimental group were taught the life skills, separately, for 10 sessions. The instruments for this study were the Malekpour questionnaire of stress (1376) and Parker & Endler questionnaire of coping with stress (1991). The results of multiple covariance analysis indicated that "life-skills" training significantly decreased the amount of stress in the experimental group as compared to the control group (P=0.001). This training caused significant increase in the scores of problem–based coping in the experimental group as compared to the control group (P=0.001). This also lead to significant decrease of it the emotion–based coping in experimental group as compared to the control group (P=0.001). However, it had no significant effect on evasion – based coping in the experimental group as compare to control group (P= 0.735).The results of the study revealed that "life-skills" training could be used as an useful intervention for the youths in pseudo family centers.

The effects of triple p-positive parenting program in (7 to10 years) children old with "oppositional defiant disorder" (ODD) were investigated in this study. Four primary schools were randomly selected in Nahavand. 24 parents whose children had scores above of the cut-point in oppositional defiant disorder subtest of "Child Behavioral Checklist" (CBCL) and their problems were also confirmed by "Teacher Report Form" (TRF) were randomly selected. Subjects were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group underwent Triple-p for 8 weeks, which lasted two hours each session. The results that were analyzed using Mann-Whitney indicated that both parents and the teacher in the experimental group reported a significant decrease of "oppositional defiant disorder" signs. As compared to the control group these findings can have clinical applications in the prevention and treatment of child behavior disorder.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of the cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), exposure and response prevention (ERP) and Fluoxetine in the obsessive-compulsive patients. The experimental design was selected and 59 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) diagnosis were randomly assigned to 4 groups: cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure and response prevention, Fluoxetine and waiting-list. Patients in the four groups were seleted with respect to the variables such as age, sex, academic and marital status. For gathering data Moudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used as instruments. The patients of the four groups completed these three questionnaires in 3 stages (pre test, post test, follow-up with 2 months interval). The data were analysed by multivariate analyses of Anova (MANOVA-1 way), and post hoc test (T tukey). The findings indicated the treatment effect of CBT on OCD severity was more significant than Fluoxetine in short-term and long-term (P<0/05, P<0/01, respectively). This difference between CBT and waiting-list groups was also significant (P<0/01). The efficacy of ERP on OCD severity was more than Fluoxetine only in short-term (P<0/05). This difference between ERP and waiting-list groups was significant in both short-term and long-term too (P<0/01). Moreover, This difference between Fluoxetine and waiting-list groups was significant only in short-term (P<0/05). On the efficacy of fluoxetine in depression severity in both short-term and long-term was more significant than CBT (P<0/01) and ERP (short-term P<0/01, long-term P<0/05,). In addition, this difference between ERP and waiting-list groups was significant in both short-term and long-term (P<0/01, P<0/05, respectively). On the basis of both findings it can be concluded that CBT, ERP and fluoxetine are effective on OC and depressive symptoms of OCD patients but the long-term efficacy of CBT and ERP is higher than fluoxetine.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of college student's mental health and their attitudes toward mental health problems and the related services, in seeking professional psychological help. The sample consisted of 150 students of Shahed and Amir Kabir universities. The participants were divided into 3 groups:Normal Group= NG, Help Seeking Group= HSG and Non help Seeking Group= NHSG. They were tested by the GHQ–28 inventory and a researcher-made questionnaires and Attitude toward, i.e,. Knowledge of Mental Health Problem, and Services them (KAMHPSS). The results indicated that: 1) NHSG has more mental health problems than HSG, 2) NHSG has less knowledge and more negative attitude compared the two other groups, 3) HSG has more knowledge and positive attitude than NG. Finally, the female students showed more favorable attitudes than males.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between criminals’ personality traits and their coping styles. Finding whether there were relationships between personality scales and the coping styles or not, and if there were, which scales and personality styles were involved, was the main aim of this research. The method of this research was descriptive, in which a sample consisting of 50 prisoners in Tabriz was chosen and tested by Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II, Cassidy& Lang Problem–Solving Style and a Researcher-constructed inventory. The result obtained by correlation analysis indicates that, in criminals, there is a reverse relationship between schizoid self-torment personality and approach coping-style. While, the avoidance style has a direct relationship with dependence scale, but a reverse relationship with narcissistic. On the other hand, trust style has a reverse relationship with the avoidance personality scale. In addition there is no correlation between creativity style and other personality scales. Never the less, controlling style has a direct relationship with dependence personality scale, but a reverse relationship with 3 scales of anti social, quarrelsome and passive quarrelsome. Moreover, helplessness style has a direct relationship with 2 scales of helpless and schizoid, but a reverse relationship with 3 scales of anti social, quarrelsome, and compulsory.