نشریه مطالعات بین المللی
سال ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 22، پاییز 1388)

The discourse of transitional justice in the western countries is more developed and successful. Meanwhile in Islam also we can find the positive point for this subject. Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law, and Transitional Justice are discussed in this article with a look to Koran. In Koran in Shoura Sourate we could find very important sourates in which some transitional justice techniques are presented. The objective of Koran for the transitional justices is to secure them for a mental and spiritual world.

The literature of research in the islamic religion come from "fatwa" and the necessities of fatwa could be find in the human life. Meanwhile we have another expression in the world which named "doctrine". Doctrine made and arranges social contract. The main question of this research is: Which similarity we could find between doctrine and fatwa?Regarding the definition of fatwa and doctrine, in this paper we will discuss on the issue of contrast between doctrine and the Islamic principle. In the situation of the contrast we could not accept the value of doctrine as values of fatwa.

Legislative power is a body of persons having the power to legislate, specifically an organized body having the authority to make laws for a political unit. Parliament is the supreme legislative body of a usually major political unit that is a continuing institution comprising a series of individual assemblages. In addition to the parliamentary type of legislature found in parliamentary systems, there is a different type of legislature, which is called "congress". The use of congress to denote legislatures within separation-of-powers systems in general is justified by the policy-making focus of the primary activities they tend to pursue as well as the increased likelihood of a more conflictual relationship with the executive branch when compared to fused-power systems. Foreign policy is a policy regulating a particular country's relations with other states and peoples in the international arena. The objectives pursued by a state in its dealings with other states, and the methods and course of action used to pursue them. Foreign policy is the range of actions taken by varying sections of the government of a state in its relations with other bodies similarly acting on the international stage in order to advance the national interest. The author in this essay tries to explain the role of congress in nominating of American's foreign policy. It seems that executive power (specifically president) is dominated.

One of most important events in Caucasia was the collapse of union soviet and the geopolitical changes in this region. Through these changes we had new countries like Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia in the neighborhoods of Iran. The issues including ethnic groups, intervention of grate powers in this region and so the relations of Israel with these countries made new challenges for Islamic Republic of Iran. The author will analyze these challenges with an analytical looks to the challenges of Iran and the rest of world.

Globalization, integration and fragmentation are the new terms in international relations. After the weakness of states in international community we have the augmentation of the authorities of international systems. So this is a reality that each system is covered by another system. This reality will make an international integration. Also by the knowledge of globalization we have a kind of globalization of globalization. In this article we will discuss that even with the process of globalization we will have the fragmentation in the same time.

Each state made a specific policy for attracting foreign investments. UAE also had its policies for foreign investments in last years. UAE had a positive feedback form the industrial countries but we witness new challenges in its progress. This challenges comes first of all form its laws and then from international economic crisis. For resolving this challenges UAE need some modification in its commercial laws. So in the competition of the countries for economic process UAE could look to the policies of some countries like china. The author will discuss this subject with an analytical and descriptive look to the situation of UAE.

The founders of political sociology, i.e. Karl Marx and Max Weber, have been tendered theories about power and politics that attracted to themselves, the world public opinions, for more than a century. But the political globalization has made invalid the majority of current many political sociological paradigms. Because many political sociological theories have orientation, to nation-state therefore it seems that they are not tenable in political globalization age. Karl Marx’s discourse, however gives covers many aspects of the globalization era. Since in his opinion political conflict has world dimensions and the nation-state, institution is a artificial project. Political sociology is more compatible than, that of Max Weber’s, at the present time.