نشریه تحقیقات مدیریت آموزشی
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1388)

The holy Quran, along the history of Islam, has been continually an important source for the Islamic scholars.  Because of this, various sciences and fields of study have been developed and by passing time they have become fruitful.  The Islamic scientists have always tried to adapt the new kinds of knowledge which have entered the realm of Islamic societies to Islamic rules mentioned in the holy Quran.  In Iran, especially after the victory of Islamic Revolution led by the Islamic scholars and implementing the Islamic rules in society by government, the interdisciplinary discussions have been widely held among the proponents of this issue.  The reason is that following Islamic rules necessitates practicing it in all aspects of life such as: economy, management, education, etc.  The present paper refers to some verses of the holy Quran which elaborate on the necessity of management.

The purpose of the study has been to develop a framework for planning, administration, and evaluation of the programs of training entrepreneurship in universities.  The research is descriptive and survey type and its population consists of two active groups in universities (i.e., faculty members and managers) run by the government where following a project entitled “KARAD”, entrepreneurship centers have been established.  Using the Morgan and Kohn sampling table, 269 subjects (102 managers and 167 faculty members) were chosen as research sample following the method of random stratified sampling.  At first some primary studies and exploratory interviews were done and the primary related components were identified which provided the researcher with an orderly structure (primary model).  Using the obtained components, the researcher designed a questionnaire and calculated the related index of validity (0.795).  Then, administering the instrument, the required data were gathered.  The obtained data were analyzed based on the research questions and by applying the methods of descriptive and inferential statistics, such as: individual group t-test and factor analysis.  The obtained showed that in the entrepreneurship training programs in university, 20 factors, categorized in four main groups of components, should be taken into consideration.  These four categories are as follows: philosophy and purposes, theoretical bases, the components of entrepreneurship programs, and environmental factors.  The findings also showed that the two groups of subjects had different needs in this regard.  Finally, based on the research findings, a framework for planning, administration, and evaluation of the programs of training entrepreneurship in universities was suggested.

The present study investigates the degree of teachers’ productivity in Boukan city.  It is a descriptive and co-relational study.  The population of the study consists of 2111 teachers of the Boukan city in the academic year of 2008-2009.  Applying the Cochran formula, the size of the sample was estimated which comprised 325 teachers who were chosen by random class method.    In order to gather the required data, a researcher made questionnaire was used.  To determine the validity of the tool, factor analysis was applied and the reliability of the instrument was examined by Cronbach Alpha.    The findings showed that: the degree of teachers' efficiency depends on the degree of   their job satisfaction and security; teachers' efficiency is different according to gender in a way that women's efficiency is higher than men’s; and using the obtained correlation in examining the relations of variables, the statistical analysis of multilateral regression was also applied which showed that the teachers' job satisfaction security have been effective in teachers' efficiency.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the main factors affecting the high school principals’ commitment.  In order to study the relationship between some main factors on high school Principals’ commitment, 170 principals completed a multiple-choice questionnaire. This study ended with the following results.  There was a meaningful correlation between in-school climate, value systems, economic factors, the principals’ knowledge, human relationship, and the principals’ personality traits and their commitment.  No meaningful correlation was found between out-of-school factors and the principals’ commitment.  Principals of both genders saw a meaningful correlation between their knowledge, personality traits, value systems, as well as economic factors, human relationship and the principals’ commitment.  The principals of group (A) and (B) schools had similar views about the influence of in-school and out-of-school factors on their commitment. The principals of group (C) saw out-of-school factors more affecting on the principals’ commitment.

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between the managers’ job motivation in elementary schools and their efficiency in the town of Roudehen and Damavand city. The design of the study was applied and is categorized as a field study and it was also descriptive and co-relational.  The population of the study included all the teachers and managers of elementary schools in Roudehen and Damavand in the academic year of 2007-2008.  The total number of teachers and managers was 550 and 85 respectively.  The sample was chosen by the use of Moorgan Table, and it comprised about 240 teachers and 70 managers. The sampling method was stratified random sampling. Two questionnaires were administered to the research samples. One of them involved 26 questions in order to estimate the managers’ motivation and another included 47 questions to measure their efficiency. The gathered data were analyzed and the frequency distribution and the related graphs were prepared.  The correlation and t-tests formulas  were also applied to investigate the research hypothesis and obtain the inferential statistics.  The statistical analysis applying correlation regarding the first hypothesis showed that there was direct high correlation between the managers’ motivation and their efficiency. According to the second hypothesis, there is a significant difference between men’s and women's efficiency. And the result of the third hypothesis showed that there was a significant difference between men's and women's motivation.

The aim of this research was to study the critical thinking of faculty members of the mazandaran university of medical sciences and present suggestions according to the findings of this research to the educational planners of the university for developing teachers’ critical thinking.  The descriptive method was used for surveying the faculty members’ level of critical thinking, and for data analysis, ANOVA and T-test were applied.  The population of the study consisted of 200 male and female teachers who worked in five faculties of the university.  To select the research sample, statistical table of Krejcie-Morgan was applied and 132 subjects were selected randomly and categorized according to the sample size.  The Standard Test of California Critical Thinking (CCTST) was administered to the subjects in order to gather the required data.  The reliability and validity of the test had already been computed and approved by Facione, Khalili and Mehrinezhad in their research.  The result of this study showed that the total score of critical thinking of faculty members of the mazandaran university of medical sciences was 13.77 and there was no significant difference between the male and female faculty members in this regard. Among the faculties of the university, medical faculty had better critical thinking than the other faculties of the university with mean of 14.176, but there was no significant difference among faculties. The male faculty members were better in skills of analysis, inference and deductive reasoning; and the female faculty members were better in skills of evaluation and inductive reasoning, but there was no significant difference between them. Faculties of pharmacy were better in analytical skill. The paramedical faculty was better in evaluation skill. The medical faculty was better in inference and inductive skills. And finally, nursing faculty was better in deductive skill, but there was no statistically significant difference among them.

The purpose of the study was to identify the strategies of increasing the parents’ participation in instructional centers from the managers’ point of view using the survey method.  The population of the study included all the teachers of elementary schools, junior high schools, and high schools as well as pre-university centers in the academic year of 2003-2004 in Tehran city.  It comprised 3518 out of which 368 teachers were selected through applying random stratified sampling method and the Morgan table for determining the sample size.  The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire which consisted of 48 multiple-choice items of Likert type.  The validity of the instrument was examined by 20 experts, and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach Alpha method which proved to be 0.72.  The results of the study showed that the most important strategies for increasing the parents’ participation in instructional centers from the managers’ point of view in the 6 areas of educational administration are as follows.  In the area of teaching, it includes cooperation in coordination between the school educational activities and families.  In the area of the staff’ affaires, it includes holding the ceremonies in the school.  In the area of students’ affaires, the parents’ cooperation consists of helping in decreasing the students’ instructional and moral problems.  Regarding the financial problems, parents can help the management with offering counseling, financial support, and gathering charity for school.   In the area of relationship with the school and society, the parents can be active parents’ association and play an active role in connecting the school with other centers such as religious communities and mosques.  Finally, in the area of facilities and equipment, the parents can participate in beautifying the school environment, repairing the its site, and fixing the school equipment.

The purpose of the present paper is to study the relationship between the managers’ individual characteristics and their supervisory Methods.  The population of the study consists of all the managers of government, nongovernment, technical-professional (Fanni-Herfeh’ee), and work-knowledge (Kar-Danesh) high schools located in the city of Karaj.  The managers who were active in the academic year of 2003-2004 in the abovementioned area comprised 245.  Based on the Morgan Table, 187 subjects were selected through applying the method of simple random sampling.  The instrument of the study is a researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity has been approved by a group of experts and its related reliability has been tested and proved to be 0.82 using Chronbach’s Alpha.  Applying the test of Chi Square, the following results were obtained: 1) There is a significant relationship between the managers’ field of study and their supervisory methods; 2) There is a significant relationship between the managers’ gender and their supervisory methods; 3) There is not a significant relationship between the managers’ educational level and their supervisory methods; 4) Inexperienced and experienced managers apply different supervisory methods.