مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام
سال بیستم شماره 2 (پیاپی 75، تابستان 1391)

Recognition of factorsable to threaten the general health of university students and to reduce the quality of education is very important. The aim of this study was to compare the general health between droupout and non-droupout students of different courses in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences during 2009-10. In this descriptive analytical study, 310 of students in two groups (droupout VS non-droupout) were assessed for general health using GHQ-28 questionnaire. Sampling was census in droupout students and random in non_droupout students. Data was analized by SPSS ver.13, t-test, Fisher Exat tests, Mannwitney and Pearson Correlation test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Droupout students had the lower of general health than the non-droupout students [(33.27±15.4) VS (27.2±13.6), P<0.001]. Mean of scores in anxiety compass of general health was 8.9±5.2 in droupout students and 7.1±7.2 in non-droupout students and difference was significant, (P=0/02). Mean of scores in depression compass of general health was 6.9±6.1 in droupout students and 4.2±4.6 in non-droupout students and difference was significant, (P<0.001). Discussion & Droupout students had the lower of general health than the non-droupout students. This reduction was greater in anxiety and depression compasses of general health. The education of conflict with upsetter of general health and the achievement of social skills to dropout students is suggested.

Although most mothers start breastfeeding immediately after birth, unfortunately, during the first month after birth it decreases. In this regard, despite disagreements, supporting breastfeeding mothers to continue breast-feeding has been announceds one of the best ways. Thus, the current study has been performed to investige the effect of support from the mothers with positive breast feeding experience on breast feeding pattern and duration. In this randomized clinical trial, 240 primiparous women participated. The control group program included the routine trainings. Case group program included the routine trainings plus the support from 30 mothers with positive breast feeding experience during the first 3 months after delivery. Breast feeding patterns and duration were evaluated by the end of the first, second and third months. Exclusive breast feeding rates were significantly higher in case group than control in the first, second and third months, (p=0.001). The continuing trend of decline in breast feeding duration until the third month after discharge was more in the control group than the case,(p=0.001). Discussion & Support from women with positive breastfeeding experience to prime par mother, can be effective on the patterns and breast feeding duration.

Opium addiction is a serious social problem in Iran. Beside the social effects, opium addiction has various physiologic consequences. Thyroid horm-ones have a direct effect on metabolism and at present study the effects of opium addiction on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) was evaluated. 60 rats (30 male and 30 female weighting 250-300g) were rando-mly divided into control and addicted groups. Addicted groups received opium solution in gavage for 60 days, by the end of the study, blood samples were taken from all groups and T4, T3 and TSH of addicted group were compared with control groups. In male and female addicted rats T4 decreased and TSH increased but T3 did not alter significantly. Discussion & It can be concluded that addication to opium can cause an increase in TSH hormone and a decrease in T4 but no effect on T3. It can also be claimed that opium addiction can affect on the thyroid gland function

Concerning hyperlipidemia as one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, this study pegs at examining effect of alcoholic extracts of root of Alcea Angulata on lipid profile of serum in hyperlipidemic rabbits. After two weeks, 25 New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into five groups randomly; each group included 5 rabbits. They were treated with 1% cholesterol, basic diet, 1% cholesterol, and intervention diet (root of Alcea angulata with 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight) respectively, for one month. In the end of 30-day period, all the fasting rabbits were blood sampled and their lipid profiles of serum were detected. Serum level of total cholesterol and LDL.c of treated groups by Alcea angulata were lower than that in the control meaningfully, (P<0.01); likewise, serum level of HDL in treated groups by Alcea angulata was higher than that in the control group meaningfully, (P<0.01). These values varied with dose amounts. Discussion & Based on findings of this study, lipids percentage of hyperlipidemic rabbit's serum was declined after consuming alcoholic extracts of Alcea Angulata. Hereby, Alcea angulata would be regareded as a helpful treatment for hyperlipidemia

Nowadays, bottled waters are used by people due to the belief in their quality, easy transportation as well as accessibility with a low cost in most places and stores. Therefore, this public tendency was surveyed at the present study in Ilam City. This was a descriptive-analytic study. First, the brands were determined and, then, the sampling was achieved accidentally. 6 brands were surveyed in general. Of each brand, 7 samples with different production dates from several parts of the city were collected. These samples were tested by total coliforms, fecal coliforms, nitrite and nitrate, hardness, pH and EC. Obtained results were analyzed by one way ANOVA test. None of the samples proved to carry microbial problems and other parameters (PH, EC, hardness, nitrite and nitrate) were on the standard ranges. Discussion & According to the results, it can be concluded that the water quality of the measured samples, is healthful enough to be used for drinking.

Some Pseudomonas aerugin-osa strains produce Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase which causes resistance to cephalosporins such as cefteriaxon, cefota-xim, ceftazidim and also monobactams such as azteronam. Over expression of efflux pumps including MexAB-OPRM is a factors which play an important role in resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to antibiotics. In order to detect the mutation frequency in PA3721 gene, 50 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isola-ted from urinary tract infection in Emam Khomeini Hospital of Ilam and Milad Hospital in Tehran were studied. The isolates were confirmed by biochemical methods and the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase were screened by disk diffusion method. Phenotypic confirmatory test by combined disk was utilized for confirma-tion of ESBLs. In next step, ESBLs genes as well as mutation in frequency PA3721 gene in producing and non producing ESBLs Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were identified by PCR method. In this study, 50 isolates were studied, including 18 isolates from Milad Hospital and the rest from Ilam Hospitals. In Milad Hospital, ESBLs genes for PER, PSE and VEB and in Ilam Hospitals ESBL gene for OxA-10 were detected. In Ilam samples including 32 isolates of which 17 samples produced ESBLs, all carried oxA-10 gene and 8 isolates (47/05%) were positive for mutation in PA3721 gene. Discussion & According to the results, Meropenem was more effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in in vitro condition. The results also showed that nearly half of oxA-10 producing Pse-udomonas aeruginosa isolates carry nalC gene.

Occupational accidents, because of the growing globalization, have caused substantial problems in countries. The effects of the occupational accidents can be resulted in temporary or permanent disabilities and even death. More than 80-90% of the occupational accidents are due to unsafe behavior. In recent decades, many of countries have considered more attentions to occupa-tional accidents as a result of their high costs. Petroleum industry is one of the most incoming industries in Iran that have caused many of the dangerous accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the type and intensity of occupational accidents in Kermanshah petroleum refinery. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in all units of the Kermanshah petroleum refinery. The occupational accidents data within years of 1984-2009 were collected from workers health documents and registered using Tarrant check list on the basis of unsafe behavior and unsafe condition. The data obtained were then analyzed by SPSS-16 and descriptive statistics. According to the results, about 86 occupational accidents were occurred in the-refinery during last 25 years that needed to emergency measurements. The most injured organ was hands (38.4%) and the most unsafe behavior was related to facilities maintenance units (82.6%). The results were also showed that the accidents frequency as a result of unsafe behavior, unsafe condi-tion and both factors were 82.6%, 8.1% and 9.3%, respectively. The most frequency of unsafe behavior (81.4%) was observed for workers with 36-55 years old. Discussion & In this study, human behavior was the main factor of the occupational accidents. In order to reduce the occupational accidents, it is essential that educational courses and planning related to safety were estab-lishhed for workers. Moreover, using experiences of scientific researchers, pr-ecise supervision on accomplishment of the regulations and providing the safety culture are helpful to prevent the occupational accidents.

Work conflict is a major issue among nurses and conflict manag-ement requires emotion-based skills. Thus, nurses need to learn to manage conflicts effectively. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between em-otional intelligence (EI) and conflict mana-gement styles among head nurses in Milad hospital of Tehran. 55 head nurses of Tehran Milad hospital went through a quantitive study during 2009. Data was gathered by two 5-point Likert scale ques-tionnnaires. The questionnaire used for EI was “Sieberia Shrink” with 84% reliability, while the conflict management question-naire was “Robbins” with 81% reliability. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inf-erential statistics, including Mean, Kolmog-orov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation and Multiple Regression methods. Mean scores of cooperation was 11/85 and compromise was 11/16. Signi-ficant relationship was found between self awareness and empathy with coop-eration style. The result of pearson correlations revealed that both the cooperation and compromise styles have significant and positive relationships with EI. The result of Regression showed that five indexes of EI affected conflict-management styles. Discussion & The results of the study show that nurses EI Influences their conflict management styles and that nurses prefer to follow the cooperation style.