فصلنامه نسیم تندرستی
سال یکم شماره 3 (زمستان 1391)

It is expected that global population is to be steady at 10 billion people in 2180.Nearly 95% of the population growth happens in the developing countries. Family planning programs can substantially improve the quality of life for women in the short term may also prevent high-risk births. It is essential to assess women knowledge about the effects of family planning methods Due to the importance of family planning and the need for careful planning. This cross-sectional study was performed on 158 women who were Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate users and referred to health centers of Babol during 2011.Data were collected by questionnaire and was analyzed by descriptive statistics, X2 test and Pearson’s correlation. The result of this study showed that most women (55.1%) had weak knowledge about DMPA complication. There was no significant relationship between women’s knowledge and age, job, education, husband education number of child and information resources. But there was a significant relationship with consultation before drug recommendation. (P< 0.001). Physical and psychological problems of high children and short spacing can be reduced with proper education of health personnel since they have an important role in improving women's knowledge of contraceptive methods.

Nausea and vomiting is the most common complication in the pregnancy but hasnt paid much attention to it. The use of medication especially in-the first weeks of pregnancy may cause stress in pregnant women and their families because of teratogenicity. This is a randomized, double blind clinical trial study. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of ginger in nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Comparing it with vit B6 and placebo. The women at 20 weeks of pregnancy who had nausea and vomiting and didn’t take any medication were included in this study. 120 women randomly selected and divided in to 3 groups and were given vit B6, placebo, and ginger respectively. They were given treatment for 4days and followed after 1 week. The tool of this study was a questioner, including demographic characteristic and determining severity nausea and vomiting, 24 hours before the treatment and during 4 consecutive days while taking treatment, according an analog visual scale (a 10cm Line, 0 without nausea, 10 sever nausea). The data were analyzed with SPSS soft ware and T test, ANOVA and kruskal Wallis Test. (P<0.05) The result of this study showed that ginger was effective in treating nausea and vomiting (p=0.000). In comparison with vitB6 and placebo it didnt have a significant difference in reducing severity (p=0.5) and number of episode of nausea (p=0.4) and vomiting (p=0.8). Ginger was effective in treating nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, but it's use needs further study to determine the proper dosage and documentation about safety of this drug for pregnant mother and her fetus.

Induced abortion is one the health problems and mothers’ health threatening in many developing countries. This study aimed to assess prevalence of induced abortion and its related factors in comparison with with spontaneous abortion among women referring to hospitals of south of Tehran in 2011-2012. This study was a comparative cross sectional one which was performed among 513 women with abortion signs referring to south hospitals of Tehran city. Data gathering had been conducted through filling questionnaire, physical exams and medical records assessment by midwives in labor ward of each hospital. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16. The level of significant was set at less than 0.05. According to study findings, 72.3% of participants were in the age range of 2-35 years and 26.3% of abortions were induced one. Upper age of couple (p<0.001), increasing in parity (p<0.001), number of children (p<0.001), level of education of couple (p<0.001) had statistical significant relationship with induced abortion compare with spontaneous abortion. Induced abortion were significantly more in unwanted pregnancy (p=0.017). Results of this study addressed to necessity of general education in order to knowledge improvement and women skills regarding unwanted pregnancy prevention which result in induced abortion. Because mother mortality and morbidity is the most important outcome of induced abortion.

Hospital infection is undoubtedly the most important world's problem which is considered by health care centers. Lack of proper understanding of staff of infection controling ways and procedures play a decisive role in the increased transmission of infectious agents in hospital infections. If Nurses know the proper effective ways they would help to reduce hospital infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the nurse's practices in control of nosocomial infections. The sample of this cross sectional analytic study was 200 nurses working in medical surgical wards in educational hospitals of Uremia. Data were obtained by a checklist and observation. A descriptive and analytic statistics were used to analyze the data. Results showed that the mean age of nurses was 32.40±5.58. Majority of nurses (87.6%) was female. In the field of infection control related to nurses 70.6%, related to patients 65.1% and related to environment 73.5% had average performance. There is a significant difference between quality of performance and work experience (p=0.006) and between quality of performance and workshop (p=0.001). According to research findings based on limited performance and training needs, more attention is necessary to provide conditions to promote nurses, knowledge about infection control.

Revolution in medical education system is one of the major policies of the Ministry of Health. Thus, it is suggested that input motives in this system be paid attention to along with other existing turnabouts. Career and major choice is also affected by our motives which are not of equal importance to everyone. The goal of this study was to determine the students’ motivation for choosing nursing as a career. This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 139 nursing students in the first semester who were studying at state medical science universities in Mazandaran province. The participants were selected through a census among all subjects who were willing to participate in the study. To collect data, a two-part questionnaire was used. The first part dealt with demographic information and the second part included 19 questions on Likert scale which revolved around three domains including personal motive, social motive and professional motive in order to determine their purpose of choosing nursing major. The mean age of the participants was 19.32±1.05 years (18–24). 70 (50.4%) were female and the rest were male. Our findings showed that the most participants marked "a chance to get higher degrees" as the strongest motive for choosing nursing major. Also we found that the boys reported "a chance to get higher degrees" and "scientific content" as their first two priorities, whereas the girls reported "a chance to get higher degrees" and "career choice" as their first two priorities. Attention to the findings of this research could have some ideas for student's supervisors in order to identifying their student's interests and motivations in education. Also, it is suggested that school counselors should be upgraded in order to make students familiar with this profession and help accept more motivated students into universities.

The recent studies showed that the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and Neurological Soft Signs in aggressive persons and murderers are more than general populations. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of prisoners’ Neurological Soft Signs (NSS) and its association with crime subgroups in Rudsar prison. In a cross sectional study 161 prisoners in Rudsar general prison number 1 and 2 in 2006, were studied. The prisoner demographic characteristics were taken and after matching with prison records regarding NSS, were examined based on NSS checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 and ANOVA, MCT (Multiple Comparisons Test), Tukey test and Chi Square tests. The maximum frequency of NSS scores was seen in addiction and related offences and misdeed subgroup (P=0.02). The history of previous number of condemnations was higher in addiction and related offences, misdeed and fraud and financial offences subgroups respectively. Also there were not significant differences among subgroups regarding medical, neurological, psychiatric disorders and substances use history (P=0.65). There were significant differences between NSS scores and history of neurological disorders and psychiatric drug abuse (P=0.04). But there were not significant differences between NSS scores and history of medical disorders and substances use (P=0.81). According to results of this study, we cannot state a constant pattern regarding association between NSS scores and different types of crime. Contrary to findings of this study, in the previous studies NSS scores were higher in the group of violent offenses, which may be due to lack of execution in those countries. Therefore, comprehensive studies in this field is recommended.

Natural sexual behavior is a part of sexual and mental health in women, and repressed sexual impulses can cause problems such as emotional problems and interpersonal relationship problems, this issue can cause different levels of depression in people. This study aimed to determine sexual behavior and its relation with depression in women referring to health centers in Sari. This research was a descriptive analytical study in which 360 women who referred to health centers in Sari were randomly selected. The data collected through a questionnaire which included demographic, sexual behavior and depression information that were completed by subjects which were under research. The results showed that (%6.1) of subjects whom were under research have a low, (%47.2) medium, (%46.7) high sexual behavior in recent month and there is a significant statistical relationship between sexual behavior and different levels of depression.(P=0.01) According to the results less than half of women have high sexual function. one of the major consequences of sexual dysfunction is depression. The present study shows a necessity of coherent plan to improve the quality of life and to pave the way of achieving an assuring method that can be an attainment to suitable solutions.

A common aging disorder includes various physical and psychological consequences for the individual and the family. Therefore, in this study, we examined the status of life style in elderly people in AghQala county. This was a descriptive – analytic study that was conducted in 2013 on elderly Agh Qala. Sampling methods was random sampling. The sample size of 310 patients was calculated using the formula of sample volume. Information on healthy lifestyle through old Persian sensing questionnaires was collected. the obtained data were analyzed through SPSS software version 18 for descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, Student-t, and ANOVA. Results showed that 58 (19%) of adverse lifestyle, 168 patients (54%) of average life and 84 patients (27%) had a good life. And the finding showed that between age and prevention domain (p<0/001), Sports & Recreation (p<0/001), stress (p=0/04) and social relations (p=0/001), there was a statistically significant relationship. Also, the area between BMI and Prevention domain (p=0/03) and stress (p=0/04), there was a statistically significant relationship. The results showed that elderly lifestyle in AghQala are relatively modest and healthy. However, it is urgent to provide them some lifestyle education.