فصلنامه پژوهش های تجربی حسابداری
سال سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 12، تابستان 1393)

In the Iranian tax accounting system، using the accrual basis is not possible due to many reasons such as the unreliability of tax measurement. For this reason، the cash basis is used in Iranian tax accounting system and cash basis will not record and report the information prior to the receiving of tax either. The main purpose of this research is the investigation of the role of accounting information، related to all the steps of the process of tax receiving in the acceleration of this process. In order to achieve this purpose، 250 questionnaires were distributed among the tax experts working in 12 tax departments in the provinces of Iran and 209 of the aforementioned questionnaires were collected. The information in the questionnaires were analyzed by using the factor analysis method and the Likert spectrum. The research findings shows، acceleration of the process of tax receiving is meaningfully related to the recording and reporting of the information in different steps of the taxation process (prior to and after receiving the taxes)، as well as the reporting of the information gained in these steps in different organizational levels. In other words، the aforementioned experts believe that the acquisition of taxation information in different steps of the process and in organizational levels via a matrix accounting system will accelerate the taxation process and consequently the receiving of tax.

In this study، we examined the relationship between the quality of accounting information with a delay of stock price adjustment based on a new approach. Due to the theoretical literature، the stock price adjustment was measured by Hou and Moskowitz (2005) model. Independent variables measured in three groups include، Earnings quality indicator variables، misrepresented financial statements indicator variables and accounting variables driving risk. Hypothesis research was tested with data over the period 1380 to 1390. The sample covers 93 listed companies Tehran Stock Exchange and 1023 firm-year observations. This research present evidence that poor accounting quality is associated with delayed price adjustment to information. So that، the poor accruals quality can lead to a 3% increase delay.

This study investigate the relationship between abnormal items of accounts receivable and earnings quality over a 9 year period from 2003 to 2011 in 117 listed firm on Tehran stock Exchange. This paper use archival and correlation study as research methods. Using correlation method and multiple linear regression technique، the results of this study show a negative relation between abnormal items of accounts receivable and earnings quality. Research evidence also show debt ratio and profitability have a negative relation with earnings quality. Research outcomes also indicate that quality of earnings increase when firms report loss and firm size has no effect on earnings quality.

This paper investigates the association between book- tax difference with earnings management of firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2006 to 2013. Earnings management models used in this study consisted of modified Jones model، Kaznyk and Leuz. We stimate correlation، based on panel data. Samples includes 72 companies have been selected for 5 years. The results suggest that book- tax difference have significant relationship with earnings management and different earnings management models don’t have significant difference in explaining this relationship.

Lack of corporate transparency and stock liquidity influence risk of investors and shareholders. Conversely، transparency and full disclosure of information by companies increase shareholder confidence reduces information asymmetry، increase stock liquidity and lower expected return of shareholders. In this paper relationship between information transparency and liquidity of shares by the measure of the gap between the purchase price and selling price of shares is calculated and expected return on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 1383 to 1390 is measured. This article is an applied research and correlational studies. Findings by using multiple regression using observed 640 years - company shows a positive correlation between information transparency and liquidity shares. In addition، there is no significant difference between transparency and expected return of shareholders.

In this paper، an analytical-comparative approach seeks the problems in the methodology of empirical academic research in the fields of accounting and finance in Iran; and provides suggestions for improving the status quo. For this purpose، ten challenging issues that seem to be rooted in an erroneous perception of empirical research methodology has been analyzed. Conclusions based on a logical-comparative analysis indicate that the empirical research methodology in finance and accounting suffers from kind of distortion. Analyzed the historical roots suggests that the main factor of this distortion is a skewed foundation of the architecture from the very beginning. Finally، adjustments to correct this distortion require collaboration، empathy and efforts of teachers in both finance and accounting.

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to empirically investigate the earnings quality of restating companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Design/methodology/approach– In order to achieve the purpose of the research، three hypotheses were proposed. T-test were examined in order to test the research hypotheses. The empirical data were drawn from a panel consisting of 101 Iranian companies listed in the TSE، over the seven-years period of 2004 to 2011. Accruals quality، earnings predictability، earnings conservatism and earnings smoothing were selected as earnings quality proxies.

This paper propounds to examine the impact of the day week on the return of daily stock price using entire index، in Tehran Stock Exchange market during 1383 to 1388. In the literature review، a full explanation of the models and their shortcomings are discussed and propose a simpler specification and usable model for detecting the day of the week effect on the return of daily stock price entire index in Tehran Stock Exchange market. Recognizing that residuals of linear regressions are variant over time، and auto-correlated، we apply statically robust estimation methodologies، including bootstrapping and GARCH modeling. The paper concludes that using “Bootstrapping GARCH Regression” will lead to a negative effect on the returns on Sunday and positive returns on Tuesday.

The cost behavior is response to changes in activity level costs. Managers، who understand how costs behave، better predict the costs in different operating conditions. This allows them to better plan activities resulting from their operating income. In the traditional view changes in related costs represent the costs associated with increased and decreased activity level. Recent research consider that cost behavior indicate that the costs are sticky. That is whether costs increase more when activity rises than they decrease when activity falls by an equivalent amount. The main purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the sticky behavior of operating costs in three levels of cost of goods sold، sales administrative and general expenses and other operating expenses in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during 1384 to 1391. The results indicate that increased in three levels of costs for the same level of increased activity (1%) is bigger than reduced costs levels for the same decrease in the level of activity (1%). The results thus suggest that operating expenses، sales administrative and general expenses، and cost of goods sold have the sticky behavior of costs. Managers can evaluate their exposure to sticky costs by considering the sensitivity of cost changes to reduction in volume and make better decisions. In addition to managers، financial analysts can better compare companies and industries with conception of cost stickiness behavior. Shareholders also can have confidence related to appropriate use of resource by managers.

The Stock Market is Largely Influenced by the Flow of News and Information. In an Efficient Stock Market، Reaction of Investors to the News and Information appears to be a Correct Response. While in an Inefficient Stock Market، Reaction of Investors seems to be Overreaction or Underreaction. Neither in Overreaction nor Underreaction، Stock Price is being Defined Correctly. Through Overreaction modeling of Stock Market processed by Intraday OHLC Prices، which Refer to Open، High، Low، and Close Stock Prices، it is proven that Stock Market Price shows a Geometric Brownian Motion. Then Overreaction and Underreaction is shown to be identified through recognizing the Standardized Volatility Distribution. Furthermore، Discontinuous Flow of News and Information is introduced to extend the Model with more Realistic Assumptions. Two Statistics and Hypotheses are then organized in order to test the Overreaction into good and bad News; ultimately، to ascertain the Results not affected by the Heteroscedasticity، Hypotheses need to be tested again by the Modified Statistics.

From investors view Financial statements Restatement، represent breakdown in financial reporting quality and auditing quality. In according to researcher opinion، independent auditor switch following financial statements restatements in response to pressure from stock market and restore firm investors'' confidence is done. This research is done to find an answer for this question: Do financial statements restatements are caused to switched independent auditor? Using listed companies in 1382 to 1391years (solar calendar) and with special sampling were tested this research hypothesis by logistic regression. Results show there is not any association between restatements with auditor turnovers. Also، results represent when restatements are more severe، there is positive association between restatements and auditor switches. The research results show there is the positive association between auditor switches and the corporate governance quality when financial statements restatements are important. At last، In according to research findings، negative stock return surrounding restatement announcement date in comparison with previous date is more.