فصلنامه رهیافت انقلاب اسلامی
پیاپی 26 (بهار 1393)

Political psychology, an aproach that can be besed on it, to reach a beter understanding of how the Islamic Revolution. In this research based on Content analysis and Libraries methodology with an emphasis on leadership style of Imam Khomeini and Jimmy Carter have asked how to be a better way to interpret the Islamic Revolution. Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi psychologically weak-hearted person and America relied on the support. America President Jimmy Carter, with the idealism of human rights and leadership styles (friendship) based on compromise, due to an inability to adapt to the ideals and realities of Iran's Islamic Revolution couldn,t take a mental and intellectual and coherent support for the Shah. In contrast, the revolutionaries led by a man named Imam Khomeini, the attitude of the divine, mystical and inscrutable God-centered and personality in a way that the task was divine orders, with ability to adapt to high ideals and realities, he could to lead the massive wave of protests and opposition to the Shah's policies in the the Islamic Revolution and mobilize the nation to achieve the objectives of the Islamic Revolution to victory.

Mass media today as the most important elements of shaping public opinion have close relation to maintaining political power and political stability. By their functions and dysfunctions, mass media can play role in the stability of political system and political legitimacy. In this article, beside considering different effective elements on stability and instability of system, the role of mass media in this situation is examined. The main question in this article is that how Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi during 1953-1979used mass media for the stabilization of his power andhow mass media played their roles during Islamic Revolution of Iran.

The question about the nature of Islamic government is closely linked to the place of people in the political system. That is why many Muslim political thinkers and philosophers has pay attention to this subject and written many works about it. One of these thinkers is Mohammad Bagher Sadr who tries to bring about a combination between divine legitimacy and mankind responsibility toward other people and toward establishing Islamic Government. This article intends to examine the place of people in the thoughts of Mohammad Bagher Sadr and analyze the theory of mankind khilafat theorized by Sadr.

Utilizing morphological analysis method in the context of futures studies, a model for identifying various types of Islamism that are possible to be constructed in future is introduced. Morphological analysis is method and a tool that, by focusing on various classificatory criteria, enables us to develop all possible scenarios for a phenomenon. In this article we treat Islamism as a social movement that can emerge in a variety of types based on different theoretical foundations and various ways of constructing group identities. In order to identify characteristics and criteria that set various types of Islamism, some the existing typologies are introduced and assessed. Because of heavy reliance on assumptions, concepts and categories that are alien to the Islamic world, many of the existing typologies miss the picture and do not help us to gain a better and deeper understanding of various streaks of Islamism. Taking a critical stance vis-à-vis the underlying assumptions of the existing typologies, we try to present a model that encompasses a range of criteria that differentiate various types of Islamism that can possibly emerge in future.

The Tafkeek School is one of the latest approaches put forward in the Shi’it thought. It is mainly focused on epistemological and methodological issues regarding understanding religion, distinguishing three methods of textual, philosophical and mystical inquiry. Proponents of the School argue that the reason for the diversity of views within the humanity is the extreme usage of Greek logical and philosophical approach or mystical intuitionism, whereas, if prophets’ teachings were followed, no contradictory attitudes would have been created. In this paper, political views of the Tafkeek School are explored. A review of the leading figures of the School indicates that they have not shown much interest in theoretical politics. The only exception is Mohammad Reza Hakimi, whose works, unlike those of the founders of the School, are mainly on social and political aspects of Islam, focusing on social justice. In practical politics, the adherents of the School have taken diverse stances, ranging from activism to abstinence or even providing excuses for political vices.

Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979 brought about a political system out of dictatorship and despotism. However after the revolution some theories were suggested about the political system of Islamic Republic of Iran. These theories introduce the system as authoritarian, beauricratic, populist, semi authoritarian, …this article will study critically these theories and believes the main problem of these theories is that they are not familiar with the theory of VelayateFaghih and religious democracy.

The state and society relationship has different shapes ranging from powerful society weak state, weak society powerful state, powerful state and society, and weak state and society. This article using Migdal idea of weak society powerful state attempts to study this relation in second Pahlavi era. The resources of this research are library resources and documents. The method in this research is causal- historical method. The causes in this research are high penetrativeness, ability to control social relations, easy access to resources and ability to use these resources in determining the behaviors.

Imam Khomeini perceived politics as an idea of the Holy. Convincingly, being the founder of the Islamin Republic, Iran’s foreign relations have been impressed by the belief. The current paper seeks to answer the question that how Imam Khomeini’s view on foreign relations have been affected by the idea of the holiness of the politics. To provide a sounding answer, the authors have explained the nature and characteristics of the Holiness of Politics in Imam Khomeini’s political thoughts.The methodology utilized in the study is summative content analysis. The findings of the article prove that perceiving politics as an idea of the Holy has turned Iran’s foreign relations as a scene of the eternal skirmish between the Good and the Evil. It is an eternal conflict, in which the Good block would come out victoriously at the end of the day. Islamic Republic of Iran, enjoying some privileges such as God’s support and divine governance, is leading the Good block againt the Evils.

Undoubtedly the political and social unity in the religious democratic system is one of the necessities of religious lofty life. The present article seeks to respond to the following question: What are the factors and challenges towards the political and social unity in a religious democratic system? Explaining the meaning of unity, the significance of social and political unity, and its typology in the holy Quran, the article deals with the unity inspiring factors and capacities in the society (brotherhood, justice, gaining the endearment of others, and peace). It continues to study the factors giving rise to doctrinal, ethical, and social unity, and also the factors eliminating doctrinal, ethical, and social unity, all supported with certain examples and evidence from the founder of the Islamic Republic and the supreme leader following a descriptive – analytical method.