فصلنامه پژوهش های راهبردی سیاست
پیاپی 8 (بهار 1393)

With the victory of the Islamic Revolution and Adoption of "Exportation of Revolution" Approach, Iran's foreign policy objectives were outlined three types of goals, including "due to the nature of the nation - state", " Arising from the ideological nature of the political system" and " Based on the religious nature of the system". Imposed by the war and the events of September 11, we are onlooker the formation of two doctrines: "Umm Al-Qura" and "increasing engagement" in Iran's foreign policy. In this paper, we have tried to answer the question how to approach the "Exportation of Revolution" with trends Ummah standard oriented has been manifested? Accordingly, the paper's hypothesis Claims "the Islamic Republic's foreign policy is influenced by environmental conditions (regional and international) to preserve the ideals of realism and pragmatism inclined and yet it the vehicle has the right to achieve their ideals". Accordingly, we evaluated "doctrine Umm Al-Qura" and "increasing engagement" which have dealt with Iranian partnership with international institutions, and by means of the two principles of "justice" and "fair peace", its confrontation with threats and hidden and half hidden violence of September 11 aftermath.

In the turbulent relations between U.S and Iran, America’s sanction-based approach against Iran is considerable. These sanctions enjoy a three decade history) from Carterera (and had fluctuation in different periods. In other worlds, the pattern of that policyhas changes in three periods: the cold war era, post-cold war era, and the aftermath of September11. This paper) according to the constructivism approach (proposed a new explanation for U.S sanction policy against Iran and the main hypothesis is that the policy in the past eras was progressive and too realistic but shows gradual improvements in its elements of constructivism.

Foreign policy of the Bazargan cabinet is one of the most controversial issues in the history of Iran's foreign policy which was based on non – alignment policy and neither west nor east principle. lack of a precise definition of this principle and absence of consensus on its meaning among political parties caused different interpretations and flow of various demands by political parties to the government based on their definition and this paper aims to analyze this government's challenges and problems via theoretical and practical analyze of non – alignment policy and neither west nor east principle in temporary cabinet and other contemporary political parties opinion.

Virtues have the main rule in managing Social and Political Life; hence, the following question is important: If there be an opposition between different Virtues, which one should – or could – be preferred? In this paper, author tries to analyze the relationship between Liberty and Security, and suggest two models in this regard. This two models developed by Islamic- Iranian discourse can be labeled Negative and positive. Security is the main virtue in Negative Model but Liberty is the major one, in the Positive Model. Therefore, author has designed a complex model which is biased on two different principles: Power (in negative model) and Satisfaction (in positive model).

Public Trust is considered as a strategic capital of any political system. Accordingly, one of the main challenges facing governments is “public Trust management.” The governments should use mechanisms to achieve this objective. The final goal of this research is to suggest mechanisms for public Trust promoting to the Iranian government. It is provided in mix method. In the first stage, the mechanisms are provided through reviewing and a scale is developed along taken mechanisms and in the second stage, such scale is justified by public. Finally 38, determined mechanisms are classified in 5 categories. The main ones are: social equity in using public service, making political and economic peace, and existence of efficient judicial institution. It is also analyzed the gap between the current and desired situation using the mechanisms in which there is significant difference between them in all identified mechanisms.

In order to create a fair and neutral position Rawls disregards the psychological features such as altruism and envy that might influence the establishment of the principle of justice. It is however worth noting that in this process Rawls takes the principle of mutually disinterested principle in original position for granted. RobertNozick as Rawls’s intellectual rival who is among the founders of the libertarian school criticizes Rawls on the ground that Rawls’s initiation not only is not fair and neutral it is not in fact conformant to the human’s nature. Removal of envy from the original position is regarded as indefensible by Nozick because he believes that all features and qualifications of human nature should be considered in a political theory. However, Nozick claims that envy is not completely absent in Rawls’s theory. He believes that the principle of difference introduces envy to Rawls’s theory.This article examinesNozick’s criticisms and analyses his defense of the essentiality of envy in the development of a theory of justice. It also investigates whether Rawls’s theory of justice will itself create the envy. The methodological framework employed in this paper for the examination of the views of Rawls and Nozick is comparison and analysis of the content.

In this paper, it is tried to put a comparative analysis on the thought of Nietzsche and Iqbal Lahori in four bases of epistemology, ontology, methodology and purpose of anthropology. Nietzsche is in conflict with any of the first three, but inevitably signs of recognition can be found about the four abovementioned elements in his thoughts. Irrational epistemology, is based on the concept of atheism and nihilist; instinctive- methodology relies on intuition, instinct or intuition heaven- and anthropology naturalist relies on the concept of Nietzsche against love oriented epistemology, ontology integrated, hybrid methodology consisting of intellect, science and illumination and anthropological interest is love oriented. The main question here is: what are theDifference and similarity between Nietzsche and Iqbal in four vertices? They thought that the basic outline of the original claims, are largely different, but also overlap with each other. Understanding these basics is urgent to comprehend the political philosophy of the both thinkers.