دو ماهنامه سلامت کار ایران
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (خرداد و تیر 1394)

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between organizational mobbing with chronic fatigue and workplace cognitive failures. This research is descriptive correlation method and its statistical population included all employees of Bidboland gas refinery company، from whom 270 persons were selected through convenience sampling method and responded to research tools including Leyman’s psychological terror scale، Chalder et al chronic fatigue questionnaire and Allahyari et al occupational cognitive failures questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. Findings indicated that the relationship between organizational mobbing and its components with chronic fatigue and workplace cognitive failures was positive and significant. Moreover، stepwise regression analysis results revealed that the behavior threatening communication and behavior threatening personal reputation (p<0/01) were able to predict chronic fatigue respectively، and finally، amongst the organizational mobbing components، “behavior threatening personal reputation” is the strongest predictors of workplace cognitive failures، accounting for the highest percentage of the total variance of workplace cognitive failures. Long- lasting repeating mobbing can cause to target a great deal of social، psychological and psychosomatic problems. So، managers and employees should pay it attention more and avoid to occur organizational mobbing and its destroyer results by controlling its causes.

human errors are of the most important causes of accidents in medical professions which impose exorbitant costs to the societies. Therefore, the present research was carried out in order to identify and evaluate human errors, using SHERPA technique, among physicians and nurses in emergency unit of one of the hospitals in Semnan. In this qualitative and cross-sectional study, first the aims and procedures were instructed to physicians and nurses and then by using the hierarchical task analysis (HTA), tasks and sub-tasks, related to these occupations, were determined. Next, based on the instruction of SHERPA, the work sheets were completed for 15 nurses and 8 physicians and the obtained data were analyzed. According to results, 359 errors were identified including 128 errors (35.65%) related to physician's tasks and 231 errors (64.34%) related to nurse's tasks. Overall, action errors obtained the highest value (52.65%) and selection errors obtained the lowest value (8/9%) among all errors. Moreover, acceptable errors (with modification) had highest percentage and unacceptable errors had lowest percentage of degree of error's risk. According to the results, in both occupations, action errors (with the most frequency) and for physician's tasks retrieval errors and in nurse's tasks, checking errors (with the most percentage of undesirable risk level) should be considered as priorities for controlling the errors.

Compact fluorescent lamps(CFLs) are low-pressure mercury vapor lamps, which are more useful than other light sources. Some studies reported the leakage of UV radiation from CFLs. The aim of this study was measuring of ultraviolet radiation from universal compact fluorescent lamps in Iran. In this study, measuring of UV radiation of 54 bulb compact fluorescent lamps from domestic and foreign companies with different brands and cover (Warm Light – Cool Light) were studied. UVA and UVB with Hagner-EC1 for UV-A and HAGNER photometer with UVB-Meter sensor probe were measured. The results showed that the amount of UV radiation Increase with decreases distance and angle from nadir. Statistical test showed the electrical power had effect on UVA intensity radiation of UVA (r=0.36, P =0.008) and UVB (r=0.37 P =0.005). In addition, UVA lamps based on different light color (cover) had significant difference (P =0.000), But UVB based on cover differently had not significant difference (p>0.05). Mean matched values (emission 10 watts) UVA and UVB radiation between companies had significant difference (P<0.01). Exposure to UVA of studied CFLs at distances less than two meters are safe for working and social users, but exposure to UVB for less than 2 m for social users and 1 m for worker should be limited. Therefore it is necessary keep distances or using safe bulb lamps or safety glasses for near exposures.

during last decades, attention to ergonomic factors has been increased. Nowadays, most ergonomic assessors in workstations, assess ergonomic factors, considering either technical requirements or workers needs, both of which can affect design efficiency. But it seems an integration model of these two factors can be more effective. So this paper aims to present a pattern to assess work place ergonomically, considering both technical needs and workers’ needs. present study is a kind of descriptive model solution studies, which uses a joining method of Kano model and Quality Function Development (QFD) to develop workstation optimal design. A survey was performed among 350 workers at industrial plants to identify problems of ergonomic factors in their work stations. Data gathering was translated into Kano questionnaire. Then it was clarified and used in the House of Quality matrix. Finally in a joining model, a method is presented which is able to prioritize ergonomic requirements and technical characteristic in to an optimal design. the most important factor of workers requirement was safety tools and healthy conditions, such as air pollution and temperature stresses. The most important factor of technical requirement was cost and presence of national valid standards and attention to comfort in during the jobs. Industrial managers should choose optimal strategies concerning their workers requirements and information feedback from them. Also they should provide their workers comfort and satisfaction concerning technical needs to gain most profit and less cost.

Wide spread of power technology over large areas has paved the way of communication for countless people including professionals and employees involved in production. Power transmission and power distribution have also provided welfare for industrial and domestic consumers. Working with and utilizing this clean energy should be in such a way that causes no hazards to human’s health and well-being. Nonetheless, unexpected events regarding electric shock in which many have died or have permanently been disabled are usually reported. The purpose of the present study was presenting a model for analysing low voltage electric shock based on FTA1 model in fuzzy environment in the electricity distribution industry. In the current study, the causes of low voltage electrocution were analyzed by collecting data from electricity distribution companies followed by initial and library studies. Afterwards, the causes of low voltage electrocution were determined using FTA method. Regarding this fact that the mentioned model (FTA) is a tree hierarchichal model, fuzzy method was used to assign probability weight to root causes. After determining the causes of incidents using FTA model and after finding the basic events, fuzzy logic was adopted to detrmine the probability of occurence for every event and by assigning probability weight to “and” and “or” gates using probabilistic relationships as well as considering the magnitude of their effects in occurence of the main event, the final result was presented. The results reveal that the probability of occurence of low voltage electrocution in electricity distribution industry is 0.109385454 which is a very high level of risk for the employees involved in this vital industry. Therefore, with respect to detrmination of Minimal Cut Set and by adopting control methods, eliminating this path and its effect on the possibility of electrocution have been analyzed. Reliability in low voltage electrocution stands at 0.890614546. By identifying critical path 1 (A 1.1) and by adopting control measures and eliminating it, reliability will improve to 0.927754258 which is a significant increase.

Epidemiological studies have shown a significant correlation between awkward back posture and low back pain among carpet weavers. Therefore, this study aims for estimating cumulative compression load among carpet weavers during a shift work. In this study, the awkward back postures of 4 male and 9 female carpet weavers were monitored, using electronic inclinometer for 4 hours. The level of cumulative compression load for a 8-hour shift was calculated. The highest compression load exerted on L4/L5 was due to the compacting and knotting subtasks. The maximum, cumulative compression load was related to the subtask of weaving. The levels of cumulative compression load during a shift work in male and female groups were estimated equal to 21.8 and 13.13MN-S, respectively. Results showed that although the level of compression load in both gender groups is lower than the recommended limit, the level of cumulative compression load in males is higher than in females. Therefore, results from different studies show that the estimation of compression load, per se, does not suggest the existence of physical stresses on the low back. In addition, the estimation of daily commutative compression can be an important index in predicting occupational low back pain

Work related accidents in the line of duty in the workplace occur and leading to fatal or non-fatal injuries. The aim of this study is investigation of the epidemiological accidents recorded in Qom Insurance Agency and provides an appropriate algorithm for accidents recordation. In this descriptive – analytical study, all the accidents recorded in the Qom Insurance Agency 2009 to 2012 were investigated. Data was analysis with version 16 SPSS and Excel using Fisher and Chi square test. The results of this study revealed that, the most common types of all accidents were falling from height. Mortality status of all injured workers (death and non-death) and their jobs (unskilled workers and other workers) in two half of years and in two age groups (≤ 40 years and more than 40 years) at the 5% level of error have no significant relationship.The morality status of all accidents (death and non-death) with age (≤ 40 years and 40 years) in both groups experience (≤ 3 years and older than 3 years), at the 5% level of error have significant relationship. This study showed further explore for change existing procedure and reform of record keeping for the prevention of these accidents are necessary.

Nowadayes, air pollution is considered as one of the most important problems of urbanization and industrial life and all members of the society is affected by this problem. Cement industry is one of the key industries in developing countries, which is widely applied in various projects. However, the industry is considered one of the industry's environmental pollutants. In this study, environmental pollution of Kerman Cement Factory, which is located on the western border of the city of Kerman has been studied. For this purpose, photometer instrument DUST TRAK and Method BS-EN-12341 are used to determine the amount of suspended PM2.5 and PM10 of Ambient air at the four sides of the factory To determine the aerosol outlet Flue gas monitoring system based on EPA Metho 2 was used and the amount of exhaust gas molecular weight was calculated.To evaluation the concentration of exhaust gases of combustion from the furnace electro Number 1, 2 and 3 by device OPTIMA7 Samples were taken. Also, this study has been carried out from 1389 to 1392. The results show that the maximum concentration of suspended particles PM2.5 and PM10 from the south side - near the entrance of the year 1389, East side - opposite the depot clinker year1391 and the west side - opposite to mine raw materials in 1389 year That is exceeded. associated with emission of Flue and environmental dust can be said that the concentration of dust in some years about standards is over, But the total concentrations of output and environmental dust can be acceptable, especially in the 92 years evaluated.

Traffic noise is one of the most important environmental pollutants. World health organization has determined the health effects of community noise including cognitive performance disorders. The aim of this research is the study of effects of road traffic noise on peripheral perception and choice reaction time performance drivers. thirty and five students from the faculty of health, Tehran University of medical sciences (males), participated in the study. Peripheral Perception and Reaction time tests from Vienna test system package in the case of exposure to traffic and silent conditions performed. The main variables of this research were field of vision, tracking deviation, incorrect reactions, omitted reactions, mean mental reaction time and mean motor time. Road traffic noise was recorded from Main Street of Tehran by voice recorder Sony ICD MAX20, and was played in an acoustic room. comparison of result of Peripheral Perception in after exposure to traffic noise showed that despite slight difference in field of vision (P=0.85), tracking deviation (P=0.59), incorrect reaction (P=0.42) and omitted reactions (P=0.57), but were not statistically significant. Also in mean mental reaction time (P=0.47) and mean motor time (P=0.49), no significant differences were observed. result of this study show that noise traffic in Peripheral Perception and choice reaction time variables were not affected.

Many antineoplastic agents are known to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. Nurses are the main groups at risk to these drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine of associated factors with safety principles precaution of working with chemotherapeutic agents among nursing staff. This is a descriptive-analytical study. Based on the census method, 59 nurses and healthcare employees working in chemotherapy wards in hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were recruited in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire to assess self-efficacy, barriers to work, perceived risk, work place safety and nurse's performance. The data were analyzed using SPSS.v19. Shortage of protective equipment and lack of time were the most barriers to safety practice and mismatch between the number of nurses and patients and failure to provide the best protective equipment were the most common factors to reduce workplace safety. The results of the analysis suggest significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and safety practice (r=0.34,p=0.007), work place safety and safety practice (r=0.37,p=0.003) and significant negative correlation between barriers to work and safety practice (r=-0.36,p=0.004). There was no significant correlation between perceived risk and safety practice. Hierarchical multiple regressionanalysisshowed that the individual factors and organizational factors explained %12.3, %17.8 of the variance of safety practice respectively. Organizational factors have a major impact on safety practice, therefore to improve the nurse's performance for safety practice remove barriers to work and workplace safety seems to be necessary.