فهرست مطالب عبدالحسین رضایی

 Safflower seeds are rich in unsaturated fatty acids with a high capacity for peroxidation, which have a high potential to reduce germination and seed vigor during the storage period. Therefore, Introducing appropriate methods to preserve or improve their germplasm during storage would be advantageous. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seed priming on germination and vigor of safflower seeds (Sofeh and Sina cultivars).

A three-factor experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications before and after artificial deterioration. The experimental factors included controlled deterioration of seeds at 45°C in six levels (no deterioration, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 days) and priming in four levels (no prime, hydropriming, salicylic acid 50 mg/l and sodium chloride 5 percent).

 Artificial aging strongly and linearly reduced the germination ability of safflower seeds, and germinability and seed vigor reach zero in a time interval which lasts between 2.5 to 4.5 days (depending on the treatment and the investigated trait). The use of priming prior to artificial aging was more advantageous than priming after artificial aging. In addition, priming with salicylic acid was more useful compared to other priming treatments.

 Priming of safflower seeds before storage would result in the extended shelf-life of the stored seeds while also preserving the seed germination potential. 

Ajowan is one of the important medicinal plants of the Apiaceae family, whose essential oil is used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Soil salinity is considered one of the most important factors limiting the growth of agricultural plants due to the prevention of the absorption of water and nutrients into the plant. Using biofertilizers with plant-growth-promoting bacteria is one of the most effective ways to reduce the toxic effects caused by high salinity in plant growth. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of different planting dates and biofertilizers on seed yield and agronomic indicators of Ajowan medicinal plant under salt stress.

In order to investigate the effect of biofertilizers on seed yield and vegetative parameters of Ajowan medicinal plant in the climatic conditions of Kashmar, two separate experiments were conducted in the field and greenhouse conditions of Kashmar Research Center. A field experiment in the form of a split plot design using two factors, the first factor included planting date in two levels (March 26, April 27), the second factor included biological fertilizer in 8 levels (1) Control 2) Azetobarvar1 3) Phosphate barvar2 4) Petabarvar2 5) Azetobarvar1 + Phosphatebarvar2 6) Azetobarvar1 + Petabarvar2 7) Phosphatebarvar2 + Petabarvar2 8) Azetobarvar1 + Phosphatebarvar2 + Petabarvar2). The second experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design in the greenhouse. The investigated factors included biofertilizer at 8 levels (1) Control 2) Azetobarvar1 3) Phosphate barvar2 4) Petabarvar2 5) Azetobarvar1 + Phosphatebarvar2 6) Azetobarvar1 + Petabarvar2 7) Phosphatebarvar2 + Petabarvar2 8) Azetobarvar1 + Phosphatebarvar2 + Petabarvar2), and salinity stress at 3 levels (zero, 4 and 8 dS/m).

The results indicated that salinity stress significantly reduced the traits of germination percentage, root length, seedling length. The use of biological fertilizers in combination had the best effect on these traits compared to the control. Also, in the treatment of no application of biofertilizer and in the condition of salinity stress of 8 dS/m, the above traits had the lowest values. Also, the combined treatment of Azetobarvar1 + Phosphatebarvar2 + Petabarvar2 could significantly improve the crop yield and plant height. The studies showed that the best planting date for plant height, number of sub-branches, number of flowers, Thousand grain weight and Grain yields was obtained on the planting date of March 26 compared to April 27.

In general, it can be stated that the use of combined biological fertilizers in can reduce the destructive effect of salinity stress on the Ajowan medicinal plant and also significantly increase the seed yield in field conditions.

The wild species of safflower have different degrees of non-deep physiological dormancy, which affects the seeds germinability under different environmental conditions. Afterripening (dry storage) of seeds with non-deep physiological dormancy can increase their germination by releasing of seed dormancy. Also, it has been found that according to the afterripening period, the germination response of some species changes to temperature and water potential. Wild species of plants are of great importance due to their use as genetic resources in breeding programs. On the other hand, knowing the characteristics and needs of their germination under different environmental conditions leads to facilitating the reproduction and preservation of these valuable genetic resources. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the germination response of safflower wild species to temperature and water potential during different afterripening period.

In this study, the seeds of two wild species, C. oxycanthus and C. glaucus, were Afterripened for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 12 months at 25°C. After each afterripening period, the percentage and rate of seed germination at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃ were checked and the cardinal temperatures of germination were calculated. Also, the response of germination to different water potential levels including zero, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa was investigated.

The results showed that afterripening the seeds for 2-6 months increased the germination percentage of the seeds compared to the control, while the germination percentage decreased in the treatment of 12 months afterripening. In addition, the seeds of C. oxycanthus and C. glaucus species were sensitive to light and gibberellic acid application, and in the presence of these treatments, the germination percentage increased. These findings showed that both species have different degrees of non-deep physiological dormancy. However, the species C. glaucus had higher dormancy. Also, different afterripening periods led to an increase in basic, optimum and germination ceiling temperatures compared to fresh seeds. Examination of the germination response of the seeds of the two studied species showed that in both species, with the increase in the duration of the afterripening period, the base water potential for 50% germination (ψb50) became more negative, and hence, tolerance to drought stress increased during the afterripening period. Nevertheless, afterripening for 12 months significantly increased the hydrotime coefficient (θH) and actually decreased the germination rate compared to other treatments.

In summary, afterripening of seeds in safflower wild species during a suitable period of time (2-6 months) can lead to the improvement of their germination characteristics under different temperature and humidity conditions. In addition, it should be noted that long-term storage of seeds can lead to a decrease in the quality of seeds.

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death among women around the world, but early and accurate diagnosis of this type of cancer can dramatically improve treatment. Thermal imaging is one of the primary methods of diagnosing breast cancer. The computer diagnosis system can also be used to help physicians to increase the accuracy of interpretation of results. This paper presents an intelligent computer diagnostic system for the detection of breast cancer using thermal imaging. The proposed intelligent computer diagnosis system includes SFTA method for feature extraction and SVM, kNN and D-Tree algorithms for classification of results. The performance of the proposed intelligent computer diagnosis system is evaluated using the DMR-IR and Fluminense Federal University databases and MATLAB2018, when using the cuckoo feature selection algorithm and without using the feature selection algorithm. The results show that the average accuracy, sensitivity and specificity are 99%, 99.5% and 98.03%, respectively, using the cuckoo feature selection algorithm and SVM classification algorithm. Also, the presented computer diagnostic system has advantages compared to other computer diagnosis systems. These results indicate that the use of SFTA feature extraction method, cuckoo feature selection algorithm, SVM classification algorithm and DMR-IR database in the proposed computer diagnosis system can improve the evaluation results.

Background and Objectives The impact of toxicity of heavy metals such as cadmium in living organisms is a major global concern. Plant kingdom also is not exempted from the adverse effects to exposure of heavy metals. This study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different priming on seed germination indices of sorghum under Cadmium chloride and nitrate stress condition in laboratory.
Materials and Methods The germination experiment was carried out as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications. The first factor was heavy metal treatments including 7 levels of cadmium chloride and nitrate, each in four levels (0, 200, 400 and 600 mM) and the second factor included 9 levels: gibberellic acid priming at concentrations of 400 and 800 mg/l, salicylic acid in two levels 0.3 and 0.6 mM, potassium nitrate with concentrations of 1 and 2% and concentrations of -3 and -6 bar of PEG and non-priming.
Results The results of the germination experiment showed that the highest and lowest seed germination rates and percentage were obtained in 200 mM of cadmium nitrate and 600 mM of cadmium nitrate and chloride treatment, respectively, while 0.3 and 0.6 mM of salicylic acid application increased the germination rate. The highest and lowest length and weight vigor index were observed in 0 mM cadmium and 600 mM of cadmium chloride respectively, that 800 mg/l of gibberellic acid application leads to increasing the vigor index. Catalase activity in seed sorghum was increased by increasing of cadmium concentrations but decreased by using different priming.
Discussion In relation to the slow germination under stress cadmium cell membrane, probably one of the important points is that the severely damaged cells leak out and vigor will be reduced. Priming with the reconstruction of damaged cells, reduces barriers to the growth of the fetus, increases the quality and quantity of protein synthesis, and increases tolerance to environmental stresses. Cadmium also reacts to sulfhydryl groups in the structure of enzymes and proteins. Plant water relations and gas exchange pores have a negative effect on processes of respiration and photosynthesis and increase production of reactive oxygen species in plant cells causes. Active oxygen species due to the desire for high electron affinity, and the basic biomolecules such as lipids, cells, proteins and nucleic acids can cause damage.

IntroductionIn recent years, soil pollution with heavy metals such as cadmium had a progressive trend and causes serious problem in production of crops in polluted zones. Heavy metals released from stationary and mobile origins can be transported in water, air and soil and can be even absorbed by plants, animals and human bodies. Trace elements are currently of great environmental concern. Nowadays, one of the most important environmental problems is pollution of agricultural soils occurs by heavy metals due to human activities. Nowadays, soil pollution with heavy metals as a result of human activities is considered one of the most important environmental stresses in plants, which can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide cause. Priming application of gibberellic acid, salicylic acid and potassium nitrate as a suitable option is considered to reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.This study was designed to investigate the effects of priming on physiological traits and sorghum seed germination under cadmium chloride and nitrate stress was conducted in the greenhouse of Yasouj University in 2015.
Materials and Methodsexperiment was conducted as a factorial based on CRD design with three replications. Treatments first factor were including 800 mg/l gibberellic acid, 0.3 mM salicylic acid, 1% potassium nitrate and control (non-prime). The second factor was included cadmium chloride and nitrate each in four levels (0, 7.5, 15 and 30 mg per kg of soil). Then cadmium chloride and nitrate was added by spraying into soil. Then planting pots were filled with seven kilograms of soil, and after one month (because of the homogeneity of the heavy metal), 4 seeds primed for planting in pots were planted with different levels of cadmium chloride and nitrate. The chlorophyll index, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf soluble protein and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured. Also, post-harvest seed quality traits including percentage and germination rate, uniformity and vigor and seed weight and seedling length and weight were measured.
Results and DiscussionThe results showed that the interaction of cadmium and priming for soluble protein, Catalase enzyme, Superoxide dismutase enzyme and seedlling height was significant. The effect of cadmium showed that cadmium chloride 30 mg per kg of soil seed weight decreased to 24% compared to control. Generally all levels of cadmium compared to the control (no cadmium) had a depressing effect on seed weight. Priming planted seeds with 0.3 mM of salicylic acid leads to increase the germination rate and length vigor index of seeds of sorghum under cadmium stress. Also the most weight vigor index was observed in 15 mg per kg of soil cadmium chloride and nitrate and the lowest was belonged to 7.5 and 30 mg per kg of soil cadmium chloride treatments. In relation to the slow germination under stress cadmium cell membrane probably one of the important points is that it is severely damaged cell to leak out and vigor will be reduced. Priming with the reconstruction of damaged cells and reduce barriers to the growth of the fetus and increase the quality and quantity of protein synthesis, increases the development and tolerance to environmental stresses. Speed up seed germination can as a result of increasing enzymes such as Alpha-amylase, increased levels of bio-energy charged in the form of increasing the amount of ATP, increase the synthesis of DNA and RNA, increasing the number and improving mitochondrial function is at the same time.
ConclusionsIn general, seed priming with 800 milligrams per liter of gibberellic acid, and 0.3 mM of salicylic acid, improved the biochemical and physiological indices of main plant such as increased soluble protein and chlorophyll content, cause to sorghum seedlings resistance to cadmium toxicity and improved the seedling growth and seed weight. As a result, seeds produced in these conditions, have more germination rate and vigor index than the control (non-use of priming).

This paper presents a novel method for implementation of the elliptic curve scalar multiplication algorithm. The proposed method is based on sliding window method, recoding technique, parallel architecture, and a new high-radix scalable Montgomery modular multiplication. The sliding window method and recoding technique are utilized to reduce the number of required point operations. The parallel architecture is also utilized to perform the point addition and point doubling operations simultaneously. Moreover, the parallel architecture and a new high-radix scalable Montgomery modular multiplication in GF(2m) are utilized to speed up the multiplication. Our results show that the computation cost is reduced by about 83%-90% for w=4, and 93%-95% for w=8 in comparison with binary Karatsuba-Ofman, and 85% for w=4, 8 in comparison with parallel architecture in affine coordinate and projective coordinate.