esmaeil alizadeh

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching based on the concept-oriented model on the learning of elementary school students in Marand city in mathematics.

The current research was applied in terms of purpose and analytical research in terms of method. This research was conducted as a semi-experimental experiment with a pre-test and post-test design with 60 students in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received concept-based education, while the control group received traditional education. In this research, the sixth grade standard math tests were used and the results were analyzed using SPSS software.

The results of the present study showed that concept-based education had a significant improvement in students' understanding of mathematical concepts compared to traditional education. Also, the results showed that the students in the concept-based education group had better results in mathematical concepts tests.

Concept-based model education can be recognized as an effective method to improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts in elementary school. This method can be more effective than traditional methods due to its focus on concepts and their connection with the realities of the real world.This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of concept-based teaching on improving elementary school students' understanding of mathematical concepts in Mardan County. This research was conducted as an experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design involving 60 students divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received concept-based teaching, while the control group received traditional teaching methods.Concept-based teaching significantly improved students' understanding of mathematical concepts compared to traditional teaching methods. Results indicated that students in the experimental group performed better in mathematical concept assessments. Concept-based teaching can be recognized as an effective approach to enhancing elementary school students' comprehension of mathematical concepts. This method, emphasizing conceptual understanding and its real-world applications, may yield superior outcomes compared to traditional methods.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among Iranian women. The cost of breast cancer treatment is high, and many families struggle to afford it.

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure and factors affecting it in BC patients in Shahid Jalil Hospital affiliated to Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

This study was conducted in a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical way. Based on the inclusion criteria, the health expenditure of 82 patients with BC were collected. The data was gathered from Shahid Jalil Hospital, affiliated with Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. It includes inpatient and outpatient information from the Iran Health Insurance Organization, as well as patient-declared costs in 2022. The study data analyzed using descriptive statistics methods including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and stepwise linear regression to investigate the effect of variables on the amount of OOP health expenditure in SPSS 21 software.

The OOP expenses for BC patients accounted for 32.89% of the total direct medical expenses. Of the OOP costs, 47.18% were attributed to drug expenses, 16.19% to laboratory costs, 11.74% to imaging expenses, 11.20% to visit costs, 8.40% to hospitalization expenses, 2.84% to doctor’s services, and 2.45% to physical therapy-related expenses. Factors such as age, place of residence, occupation, education, and household income were among the factors that had a significant effect on OOP payments (P < 0.05). Marital status, housing situation, and social coverage had no significant effect on patients' OOP payments (P > 0.05).

BC patients incur a lot of expenses, and about 32.89% of these expenses are OOP payments. It is essential for insurance organizations to increase their coverage, while also requiring additional support from the government for patients with breast cancer in obtaining necessary medication and medical supplies.

The vast land of Iran, with its diverse climate and geographical location, is known as a suitable habitat for different types of thyme. Thyme (Thymus spp.), a plant of great nutritional and medicinal value, holds a special place among pasture plants. Consequently, investigating the factors that threaten the survival of this plant is important. Two species of thyme, T. kotschyanus (Boiss. & Hohen) and T. pubescens (Boiss. & Kotschy ex Čelak) have significant habitats in the pastures of Alborz province. In this research, pests and diseases of these two species were investigated in 14 different stations in Alborz province. The samples were collected at three time points (May, July and September) and the collected insects were taken to the laboratory for identification. The results indicated the presence of six types of pests on thyme species: Aphis serpylli, Haplothrips reuteri, Tetranychus urticae, Aeolothrips mongolicus, a mite of the genus Bryobia, and also Cuscuta spp. as a parasitic plant. Alternaria leaf spot was also detected on thyme leaves. The results of this research are reported for the first time It can be used by regional managers and stakeholders and help in the protection of Thymus species in the rangelands of Alborz province.

Rangelands played an effective role in the country's economic and political development prior to its dependence on oil and its derivatives. Therefore, paying attention to the environmental and social stresses brought to these ecosystems highlights the need to use new technologies to diversify production sources and reduce costs. This study was conducted at the Taleghan range station with the aim of financially evaluating electric fences to encourage pastoralists to use this technology in rangelands. For this purpose, the income from the fencing project was investigated. The financial evaluation of the electric fencing project and the time period for its capital return in 2016 was done using the equations of net present value, benefit-cost ratio, internal rate of return, and net present value criterion at different discount rates. The total fixed and current costs of this project were equal to 330 million rials. The income from animal meat production, medicinal plants, the added value of electricity production, the income from the replacement of shepherds, and the net income were equal to 73%, 23%, 7.5%, 103%, and 120% respectively. The criterion of net present value at different discount rates was equal to 127%. Considering the economic nature of fencing technology and the existence of economic benefits resulting from it in the form of a wide spectrum of ecosystem services for the beneficiaries of rangelands, the importance of promoting the use of new technologies in rangelands to maintain and support the production chain of rangelands is highlighted.

Tarantulas (Camel spiders) are order that belong to classes of arachnida and phylum of arthropoda. They can make a painful bite in human.

Case Report:

 This paper presents 34 and 40-year-old men with skin reactions in their left legs. After initial examinations, the symptoms were recognized as skin reaction caused by the bite of some nuisance insects. After one day, a lesion including 2 red dots appeared on the patient's leg. After a few hours, skin lesions were observed in both patient, and by washing with soap and water after 7 days, the symptoms completely disappeared and the bite improved.

Increasing awareness among physicians, about the symptoms of this nuisance insects can help to accelerate treatment process.

This paper was aimed at studying some novel methods of constructing new c-K-g-frames in a Hilbert space H. Some necessary and sufficient conditions were given for some bounded operators on H under which new c-K-g-frames were obtained from the existing ones. Also, the sum of c-K-g-frames were discussed, some of their characterizations were identified, and some bounded operators offered to construct new c-K-g-frames from the old ones.

Cutworms (Agrotis spp.), are insects from order Lepidoptera and family Noctuidae which damage crops by feeding or cutting the stems of seedlings at or below the growing point. In this study, the Agrotis species in sugar beet fields were identified in Naghadeh city of West Azerbaijan province during 2020 using pheromone and light traps. Then the number of its generations in the field was determined. Three fields with 2 hectar space for each were selected in Southeastern and Northwestern of Naghadeh. Samples were collected weekly from pheromone and light traps and sent to the Research Center of Plant Protection of Iran for identification. Five Agrotis species were identified totally. Agrotis segetum, A. ipsilon (Hufnagel), A. spinifera Hubner., A. exclamationis L. and A. sp. near herzogi Rebel. A. segetum was the dominant species in all of the studied fields. Data showed that this pest had 3 generations during one crop season in the studied area. The first generation was showed up from the end of April and reached its peak in the second half of May. The next two generations of this pest were completed in late June and late July, respectively. The mean density of pest were as 16.8 eggs, 14.7 larvae and 11 pupae on 10 infected plants showed the highest peak during the second generation.

Fleas are small, blood-sucking insects that can transmit some pathogens to human and animals.

This paper presents a 21-year-old woman with severe skin reactions in her right forearm. After initial examinations, the symptoms were recognized as skin reaction caused by the bite of some human blood-sucking insects. Finally, after 15 days of flea bites, the symptoms were treated with topical after bite cream and oral antihistamines. In order to prevent and control the infestation of this blood-sucking pest, public awareness should be increased specially in at risk populations.

Increasing awareness among physicians, about the symptoms of this health pest can help to accelerate treatment process.

Using the concept of extended Wardowski-Mizoguchi-Takahashi contractions, we investigate the existence of solutions for three type of nonlinear fractional differential equations. To patronage our main results, some examples of nonlinear fractional differential equations are given.

In this paper, we intend to introduce the concept of weaving continuous g-frames in separable Hilbert spaces. Then, we present some new results on these frames and also we show that it is enough to check continuous g-woven in smaller measurable space than the original space. We investigate the relationship between these frames and c-woven frames. Sufficient conditions will also be given for these frames. Finally, we verify the perturbation of weaving continuous g-frames.

Egyptian cockroach is one of the species of cockroaches, which has a worldwide distribution, and can live in closed human environments. In this paper, we present the first reported patient with skin reactions and dermatitis to Egyptian cockroach in Iran.

Case Report: 

An 80-year-old man referred to the clinic with skin lesions on his right foot. The patient lived in an adobe house in Rafsanjan city, and he had not past history of skin lesions. He reported severe itching at the beginig,one day later redness and swelling appeared. Physical examination, revealed inflammation and bite signs. Lesions disappeared after two weeks of medical treatment.

In general, cockroaches can cause skin reactions after body contact, so public knowledge and awareness about the prevention and control of these cockroaches should be increased in the community.

Recently‎, some researchers have established some results on existence of endpoints for multivalued mappings. In particular, Mohammadi and Rezapour's [Endpoints of Suzuki type quasi-contractive multifunctions, U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series A, 2015] used the technique of $alpha-psi$-contractive mappings, due to Samet et al. (2012), to give some results about endpoints of Suzuki type quasi-contractive multifunctions satisfing property (BS). In this paper, we prove existence and uniqueness of endpoint for multivalued mappings satisfing the weaker conditions generalized $phi$-contractivity of integral type and property (HS). This result generalize and improve Mohammadi and Rezapour's result. Also, we give an example to illustrate the usability of the result.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of grazing intensity around water resources on vegetation characteristics. For arrive this goal, three water points selected in the Silve watershed of Piranshahr rangelands. Around of each water point two regions with 0-150 and 150-300 meter intervals separated. In the four geographical direction and in each distance, a 150 m transect established (total 12 transects), and along of each transect with 15 m intervals a 1 m 2 plot was placed (total 240 plots). Sampling was done with random-systematically method, the list of exist species, canopy coverage, percent of species composition class I, II, III and number of individuals per species were recorded for each plot. Analysis of the data in factorial on the base of complete randomized block design and to calculate diversity, richness and evenness with past software was done. The results showed that there is significant difference (p<0.01) in percentage composition of class I, II, III, annual, perennial plants and total canopy cover. The highest composition percentage and density of the species Br. tomentelus (1.48 and 4.35 respectively) and Fe. ovina (1.12 and 3.44 respectively) was observed. Between water points except annual species composition percentage in the other studied properties there are significant difference (p<0.01). Maximum amount of Shannon wiener and Margalef index there are in second distance of third water point and were 2.18 and 4.10 respectively. The Pielou evenness index was non-uniformly in both distance and three water points.

Tomato fruit worm is one of the most important pests of tomato in Iran which attacks a wide variety of crops and weeds. Differences between species or varieties can use in management of this pest. In this study، antibiosis and tolerance of four varieties «Super Beta»، «Super Luna»، «Super Chief» and «KJN3» were studied against the pest. An experiment was conducted with a couple of plants of each variety allocated as random to «control» and «pest released treatment». In recent treatment، 10 third instar larvae were released in fruiting stage. Total number of fruits and injured fruits، mean weight of a fruit and bunch yield were measured as tolerance criteria، while number of live pupae، development time of larvae and weight of pupae were measured as antibiosis indices. A relative tolerance was observed in Super Chief، but due to low yield in damage absence، it is not recommendable. Fruit weight as well as yield was impacted by infection. Super Luna and Super Beta loosed more weight and acknowledged as relatively susceptible varieties. Yet، they displayed most yields in presence of the pest. Consequently، there was no considerable difference among the varieties in terms of resistance against the pest.

The effects of Range Management Plans (RMP) on soil and vegetation characteristics were studied in Eshtehard rangelands at Alborz province. The parameters of yield, canopy cover, range condition and trend, bulk density, Organic Matter (OM%), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) were estimated on soil samples in sites of Ghenzel Cheshmeh as RMP and sanctum of Rahmanyeh village. The data were analyzed using T- test. The results showed that due to the reduction of plant species in the arid and semi-arid areas and the need for vegetation change for long time, the difference of canopy percentage between two sites were not significant but implementation of rangeland management plan increased the yield and improved range condition and trend. RMP had increased the N and OM% of the soils and decreased P, K and bulk density.

Field experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate the impact ofthe House Sparrow Passer domesticus on the yield of Sunflower in Khoy, northwesternIran. Three cultivars of sunflower (Alstar, Euroflor, and KSC43/128) were planted in foursowing dates with 15 day intervals. The results showed that the House sparrow has asignificant impact on the yield of the tested cultivars. The damage rate reached 74.89%,78.18% and 83.61% for the three cultivars; KSC43/128, Euroflor, Alstar respectively. Thehighest rate of damage was recorded for the first sowing date (86.05%) while the lowestwas on the fourth date (75.63%). The results suggested that KSC43/128 was the mostresistant to bird damage of the tested cultivars.