hasan mahmoodzadeh

In Iran, the extent of worn-out and marginal structures and the inefficiency of the mechanisms to deal with these structures is considered as a fundamental issue in urban planning and management. Despite the age of schools of morphology, limited research has been done in the field of typology of urban fabric. Today, remote sensing and GIS techniques are considered suitable methods for data collection and quick and accurate decision-making in environmental studies. The main goal of this research is comparative comparison of parts grading. In order to carry out the research, IRS, Sanjande (Liss) satellite images in 2017 and Sentinel 2 images, bands 2, 3, 4, 8 (visible) with a spatial resolution of 10 meters were used and it was tried to find the best methods and Criteria should be adopted to evaluate the granularity of parts using remote sensing techniques, especially the object-oriented method of images. After making the necessary corrections, it was processed in the eCognition software environment and object-based algorithms were used for evaluation. The results of this research showed that this method (objective thresholding classification) has a good accuracy for evaluation with an overall accuracy of 93% and a Kappa coefficient of 91%, and in both studied tissues (worn and marginal), The indicators of fineness and impermeability were concretely present, so that in both tissues, the area of ​​more than 50% of the plaques is below 200 square meters. The results of the research show that there is no significant difference between the worn and marginal tissue and both the studied areas have fine-grained and impermeable tissue. Also, the map and data related to the urban context, due to their collection in the field and the outdated classification method, cannot meet the current study and executive needs. In this regard, with new developments and technologies such as remote sensing, which have caused a significant reduction in field studies, time and cost, it has been possible to study the granularity of tissues.

Today, there are various life challenges at the metropolises because of unplanned development and excessive population group; challenges such as environmental, economic, social problems besides other matters including some mental diseases, environmental pollutions, air and water and soil pollution, improper housing, lack of housing, crime commitment, traffic, marginalization and lack of urban infrastructures. According to city conditions today, it is more essential than before to consider stable development theory and approaches derived from such as urban habitability and the pattern of eco-city. This is to create a balanced city without any environmental problems suitable for all members of the society. The present study is done to provide comparative grading of habitable eco-city pattern among 10 districts at Tabriz metropolis. This is an applied research in analytic-descriptive method. The information and research data were gathered by questionnaire, package of Likert multiple choice questions and the sample volume of 1068 in accidentally delivery grading. The data analysis was done by SPSS and LISREL softwares, based on structural equations and Fuzzy multiple variables analysis in GIS. According to the results,the habitable eco-city pattern among 10 districts at Tabriz metropolis was unbalanced. In grading, the highest average belonged to district 2 (363.3740) and the lowest average belonged to district 6 (253.9420).

In recent decades due to the rapid and unplanned growth of cities, urban management has been faced with several issues, including models and patterns of urban development and the selection of optimal options for location. Neyshabour is known as the second most populous city in Khorasan Razavi province. Due to reduced rainfall and drought, agriculture has lost its prosperity and most of the rural population has migrated to the city. Urban development research has been done by the ABM model using the factors affecting Neyshabour urban development. These factors include: the dominant position of desirable socio-Access-quality road access to green space and privacy watercourse Services and usage is taken into account. The ABM model is a set of independent factors with goals and capabilities that interact with each other. To validate the model, the Markov-cellular method based on Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images has been used for 17 years. Based on the results of urban development simulation using the ABM, the area of the urban area has increased from 2018 to 2035 with a growth rate of 19.8%, and in the Markov-cellular model, the area of the urban area from 2018 to 2035 with a growth rate of / Will increase by 23%. Accordingly, these results do not differ much from each other. The results show that in the implementation of these two models, The ABM model suggests that social influence is dominant class and carefully detailed model compared with Markov-cellular automation is acceptable

In order to effect of hot water and chemical treatments on reducing of bacterium from infected cuttings and some characteristics of rooted cuttings cvs. Sefid Bedaneh and Hossaini, an experiment was conducted in Grape Research Station of Takestan for 3 years. The Experiment was carried out as Split-Split plot design based on CRBD, with 4 replications and 40 samples in plot. Isolation and identification of bacteria isolates was carried out by using common methods such as selective media and test on indicator plants. Treatments were included; cultivars (Main Factor), Hot-Water (sub-plot) and chemical treatments (sub-sub plot). Cuttings were rooted in non-infected media of Perlite, sand and compost soil (v/v) in an isolated nursery. The effect of treatments on infection was evaluated by observation of gall formation and bacterium growing on selective media for 2 years. Analysis of variance was done by MSTAT-C program and means were comprised by LSD method. Agrobacterium tumefaciens characteristicswere observed on the 17 strains of 20 isolates so 3 of it were A. vitis. Effect of combined treatments on vitality and growth characteristics varied with different cultivars and treatments. Variation of the number of healthy rooted cuttings, cuttings survival, roots fresh weight and weight of shoots were observed. However, flower initiation was affected by treatments in the two cultivars. Results showed that agent of crown gall was eradicated or reduced below the level of detection in dormant cuttings of two cvs. of grapes by combined Hot water treatment (50ºC/30 min)× chemical treatment (Streptomycin Sulfate 1000 ppm). Although, a treatment 60 ºC/15 min was more effective, but it killed high number of cuttings. Rooting of cuttings, fruit production and other characteristics were admissible by combined chemical treatment (Streptomycin Sulfate 1000 ppm and 50ºC/30 min).