javad fardmal

Abnormalities in the structure of the cerebral cortex of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, many of these patients have a normal MRI even a few years after the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cortical thickness of patients with left and right temporal lobe epilepsy with healthy individuals using MRI images.

In the present study, MRI images of healthy control cases (n = 20) and patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy (n = 19) and right temporal lobe epilepsy (n = 14) were used. The mean cortical thickness of these patients was calculated using FREESURFER software. Finally, areas of the cerebral cortex affected by epilepsy were identified and introduced by Mann-Whitney U test.

Patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy had less cortical thickness than healthy individuals in the cingulate, anterior, occipital, and parietal lobes. Cortical thickness atrophy was seen in patients with right lobe epilepsy compared to healthy control individuals in the right hemisphere in the occipital lobe in the lateral occipital region. There was no significant difference between the mean cortical thickness in patients with right and left temporal lobe epilepsy.

In the present study, changes and disturbances in the thickness of gray matter in different areas of the cerebral cortex of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy have been identified as the effects of this disease on the cerebral cortex.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered as one of the most frequent chronic disease, which have numerous physical effects and a varity of manifestation in oral region but limited and contaversied research done in this field. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the comparison of oral manifestation frequency in diabetic patients and nondiabetic persons.

In this cross-sectional Study, after obtaining consent form, 140 diabetic patients which refered to Hamedan diabetic research center and 140 non-diabetic (control subjects), were evaluated. Oral lesions (White plaque, Erythematous lesions, white and red lesions, Median Rhamboid Glossitis, Geographic tongue, Xrestomia, angular cheilitis, Trush) were diagnosed besed on clinical creteria.  Data regarding oral lesions were recorded and analyzed by Chi Squaire, Fischer and T-test.

Prevalence of oral lesions doesn’t show significantl relation with sex and location. Xrestomia, white and red lesions and Geographic tongue were manifestaed significantly greater in DM patients. Only trush lesions had related with longer duration of diabete. (p=0.024)

prevalence of oral lesions was significantly higher in diabetic patients than controlled group. Close collaboration between the patient and health care team to rapid diagnosis of oral lesions could lead to promotion of the patient’s oral health and quality of life and also a decrese in the burden of disease.

Introduction and Rock candy is one of the most widely used sugar products in Iran. The use of chemical additives in food products can be a serious threat to human health and environment if it is not accompanied with sufficient monitoring and management. Regarding this, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the amount of sodium dithionite residue in the rock candies produced in the candy making plants of Hamadan, Iran.
This descriptive and analytical study was conducted on the rock candies produced in all the active candy making plants of Hamadan in 2015. The sampling was performed for four months in 20 rock candy producing plants. The concentration of sodium dithionite residue was determined according to the guidelines released by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16 and Excel 2013 software.
According to the results, sodium dithionite was used as an additive in all rock candy making plants investigated in this study. The highest and lowest concentrations of sodium dithionite were 23.85 and 3.2 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated that in over 37.5% of total sample size, sodium dithionite concentration was higher than the standard value. The mean concentrations of sodium dithionite in the rock candies produced in March, April, May, and June were 9.7±5.84, 9.49±3.7, 9±3.76, and 7.1±2.99 mg/kg, respectively, which were indicative of significant differences between different months in this regard.
As the findings of the present study indicated, the rock candies produced in the majority of the investigated plants had a high sodium dithionite concentration, which was due to the use of unsuitable main ingredients. Therefore, more monitoring and training are needed for the workshop operators.

In recent years, sodium hydro sulfurous anhydride (Dithionite) has been used as an additive for better preservation, increase of visual appearance and improvement of fermentation action in breads products. The purpose of this study was to determine and quantify the concentration of dithionite in breads produced in Hamadan.
In this descriptive study, the concentration of Dithionite in bread in breads produced in Hamadan from July to September 2016 was determined. The study population was the whole of active industrial bakeries in the city of Hamadan. The sampling was conducted after listing the bakeries producing bread by referring randomly to the bakeries and taking samples and transmitting them to the laboratory. Finally, the content of dithionite was quantified based on the Iranian National Standard (no: 2628).
The findings indicated that dithionite concentration in all samples in different months was zero, which meets the standard.
The results of this study indicated that dithionite, as an additive, has not been used in processing of the bread; hence, it cannot be considered as a threat to human health.

Background and Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder and mental illness that is recognized as type I and type II. Bipolar I disorder involves at least one episode of mania and is a common chronic recurrence disease with various causes responsible for its recurrence. The aim of this study was to determine effective factors on relapsing disease in patients with bipolar I disorder using frailty model.
The information of 268 patients with bipolar I disorder who were hospitalized in Farshchian Hospital, Hamedan, Iran (2008-2014) were collected using their records. Patients hospitalized due to more than one recurrence were entered the study. The intervals between recurrence times were recorded. FrailtyPack of R software was used to fit model.
The mean age of patients was 34.10±11.56 years, and 160 patients (72.7%) were male. In total, 696 recurrences occurred in 268 patients. The number of recurrences was between 2 to 7 times. All patients experienced at least 2 recurrence episodes. The results of fragmented frailty model practice showed significant effect of age, race, place of residence, crime, and type of treatment on relapsing time (P Many factors, including demographics and illness characteristics might cause the recurrence of bipolar disorder, therefore identifying these factors can help in preventing or reducing the incidence of recurrence of this disease.

Thyroid cancer is a malignancy of the endocrine system that its incidence has been raising steadily in many parts of the world. Regarding to existence of many factors affecting on disease-free survival in patients suffering from thyroid cancer, this study was aimed to identify this factors.
In this historical cohort study, 785 cases of differentiated thyroid cancer patients referred nuclear medicine wards of Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals, Mashhad during the 1978-2012 were assessed. The follow-up of all patients was performed through periodic visits and telephone. The effect of various demographic and clinical factors on disease free survival of patients was evaluated using Weibull regression model.
The median disease-free survival time of patients was resulted in 15±1.05 years. Evaluating the clinical and pathological features using univariate analysis showed that the impact of gender, age at diagnosis, type of cancer, stage of cancer, type of treatment, the primary of Thymoglobulin, size of motor, the status of involved Lymph nodes and status of metastasis, incomplete surgery had a significant association with disease free survival of patients(P Regarding to the numerous factors that impact the risk of recurrence and affect the status of metastasis, size of motor and the status of involved Lymph nodes and age at diagnosis at the moderate status, it seems that those with distant metastases as well as those in the fourth stages and aged over 45 years are at greater risk of recurrence.

Background and Chemical dyes are widely used in textile industries and have harmful effects on the environment. They also contain carcinogenic and mutagenic substances. The goal of this study was optimization of the catalytic ozonation process using bone char ash modified by magnesium oxide in removal of reactive black 5dye from textile wastewater based on Taguchi design. In this study ozonation was performed in a batch ozonation reactor. In order to remove the dyes, Bone char ash (BCA) was modified by magnesium oxide. The effect of various parameters such as reaction time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, and initial pH at 4 different levels were investigated using an L-16 Taguchi method. Analysis and interpretation of data was done using Minitab V.16. The optimum conditions for removal of dye were found to be contact time of 20 min, pH 8, dye concentration of 50 mg/l, adsorbent dosage of 0.3 g/L. The efficiency of dye removal was 98% and COD removal was 85%. Analysis of variance indicated that the dye concentration was the most important variable influencing the dye removal percentage (51.8%) and pH was the least influencing variable (3.8%) in removal of dye. The results showed that ozonation process was an effective method in reducing the concentration of pollutants in textile wastewater effluent.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the survey of scapular upward rotation and scapulohumeral rhythm in children, adults, and older people during abduction. Ninety subjects (30 children, 30 adults and 30 older people) volunteered for this study. Two inclinometers were used to measure humeral abduction and scapular upward rotation in scapular rest position, 45°, 90° and 135° shoulder abduction in frontal plane. Scapulohumeral rhythm was calculated from division humeral elevation to upward rotation of the scapula from scapular rest position to 45°, from 45° to 90° and from 90° to 135° abduction in frontal plane. The findings indicated there was a significant difference in scapular rest position among three groups: older people had more scapular upward rotation than other groups and children had more scapular downward rotation than adults. (p<0.05) Also, children had more upward rotation in 135° abduction than adults and older people. (p<0.05) On the other hand, children had lower scapulohumaral rhythm ratio from scapular rest position to 45° and from 90° to 135° abduction than adults and older people. (p<0.05). Children, adults and older people show significant but small differences in scapular upward rotation and scapulohumeral rhythm. These data provide useful reference values using a clinical protocol.

Regarding high prevalence of sleep disorders among coronary care unit patients and the impact of proper sleep on health and improvement of patients, the aim of this study is to define the effect of nursing interventions on quality of sleep among patients in coronary care unit.

This clinical trial study was accomplished by participation of 196 patients in CCUs of Ekbatan Hospital of Hamadan city via convenience sampling methods and then they were divided in Control and Intervention group randomly. At first, the quality of sleep in control group which received routine nursing cares was measured in the morning of the third day by SMHSQ questionnaires. After preparation of environment and defined nursing intervention for in-patients sleep were taught to the nurses. In morning of the third day of hospitalization, the patients’ quality of sleep of intervention group was measured by SMHSQ questionnaires. Then, the patients’ quality of sleep of control and intervention groups was compared.

Results showed the mean score (standard deviation) of sleep quality in control group and intervention groups was 26.58 (6.64) and 17.87 (5.36) respectively. univariate analysis of variance test indicated a statistically significant improvement in sleep quality in intervention group than that of control group (p=0.031).

Using appropriate nursing interventions for sleep and adequate rest and preparing appropriate physical conditions could have a major role in improving quality of sleep of patients in coronary care units.

Cyclone is one of the most utilized dust collectors for airborne particles control. It separates particles from airflow by centrifugal force. However، it is not effective in collecting very fine particles smaller than 10 μm in diameter. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of charging particles on cyclone efficiency in collecting particles smaller than 1 μm. To achieve the above aim، a pilot air conditioning system equipped with conventional cyclone of Lapple model was designed and installed. A high voltage (18 KV) DC power supply was used for charging silica particle in corona charger. Isokinetic probe was used for particles sampling at upstream and downstream of cyclone under different study conditions and measurement was carried out using Grimm 1. 08 dust counter. Charging fine airborne silica particles caused a significant increase in collection efficiency. There is a direct relationship between collection efficiency and charging voltage، so that the total particles collection efficiency was increased from 2. 7 to about 72% with respect of increasing charging voltage from zero to 18 Kv. However، inlet air velocity has a negative effect on the collection efficiency of particles charged. Applying electrocyclone in collecting fine particles smaller than 1 µm is more efficient compared with that of conventional cyclones.