m. nasirzadeh

One of the effective factors in preventing the complications of diabetes is stress management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an intervention based on Lazarus’ Transactional Model on the level of stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 80 patients with type 2 diabetes. Stress levels, coping methods, and hemoglobin A1C were evaluated before the intervention and three months afterward. In the intervention group, five training sessions were held based on the strategies outlined in the model. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and analysis of covariance.

The perceived stress score in the intervention group decreased after the intervention. The results of the Pearson correlation test indicated a negative and significant relationship between the stress score and confrontive and optimistic coping strategies. Additionally, there was a positive and significant relationship between the stress score and methods of emotional adaptation and fatalism (p<0.001). Analysis of covariance revealed that, after adjusting for group effects, the intervention had a significant impact on the use of adaptive methods and stress levels (p<0.001).

Training and interventions aimed at utilizing coping approaches based on Lazarus’ Transactional Model of stress and adaptation is effective in controlling and reducing stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Diagnosis of mental disorders and resilience of individuals during the epidemic of diseases is necessary for planning. The purpose of this study was to determine the resilience, stress, depression and anxiety of households in Anar city at the time of the outbreak of COVID-19 disease.

The present descriptive study was conducted among 453 households in Anar city (from Rafsanjan County). Data were gathered using questionnaires and in a web-based approach. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, Tukey’s post hoc test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

The results showed that 251 (57.7%), 233 (51.4%) and 260 (57.3%) participants had levels of stress, anxiety and depression, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of resilience score was 37.55±19.18. There was a significant relationship between anxiety and level of education, job and age and also depression and job levels.

Due to the high prevalence of mental disorders and low resilience during the epidemic of the disease and its consequences, psychological interventions are recommended.

Globally tobacco use is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Starting to smoke during adolescence has its own risks.The aim of this study was to determine the status of tobacco use and its relationship with second-hand smoke, access and advertising in adolescents of Qom in 2019.

The present descriptive study was performed on 823 students in the first and second grades of secondary school in Qom. The data collection tool was the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) questionnaire in the form of self-report. Sampling was performed by multi-stage random clustering. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.

The prevalence of tobacco use was 22.1% (177 cases). The highest exposure to second-hand smoke was 52.9% (430 cases) for "exposure to second-hand smoke in public". Of all current tobacco users, 64.8% (35 cases) had access to tobacco through stores and shops. Overall, 34.3% (278 cases) of students were exposed to tobacco advertisements in tobacco shops and streets. The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between educational level, gender, amount of pocket money, exposure to second-hand smoke and advertisements with smoking (p<0.05).

Based on the results of the present study, it is recommended to implement policies and strategies to reduce second-hand smoke exposure, access and exposure to advertisements in adolescents.

Professional development of faculty members is one of the aspects of improving academic quality and an effective factor in improving the quality and empowerment of faculty members in educational system. The purpose of this study was to determine the needs of the faculty members of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences by applying agreement approach.

This descriptive study was conducted among 57 faculty members of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2018, using census method, with the aim of identifying needs in five areas: research, education, personal skills and competencies, information technology and evaluation, and management and executive needs. Needs assessment was conducted using the Delphi technique in three rounds. The results were reported as mean, standard deviation, median in separate tables and priority needs were determined in each area.

The most important needs in the five areas included getting to know writing articles in English, searching for electronic resources and databases, introducing new teaching methods in the classroom, principles and practices of learning, language courses such as speaking, familiarization with the translation technique, analysis methods and structural equations with LISREL and AMOS, softwares for analyzing qualitative research, communication skills and classroom management.

Accordingly, design, implementation and evaluation of educational programs is recommended by the Education Development Center and other related units of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.