فهرست مطالب mohammad khosravitanak

 Investigating the effective factors in the emotional adjustment of neglected and poorly supervised teenagers is necessary because of their problems; therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of spiritual health and cognitive flexibility in the emotional adjustment of poorly supervised and neglected adolescents.

 The current research is descriptive-correlational. The research community consisted of all the poorly supervised and neglected adolescents aged 13 to 18 supported by the welfare centers of Bojnord city (Helia Girls' Center and Ehsan Land Center) in the academic year 2022-2023. They were 120 and were selected using the census sampling method. They filled in Palutzin and Ellison's Spiritual Health, Dennis and Vanderwaal's Cognitive Flexibility, and Sinha and Singh's Emotional Adjustment questionnaires. Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis method on SPSS version 25 software were used for data analysis. In the present study, all ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interests.

 The results showed that the relationship of spiritual health (r=0.587) and cognitive flexibility (r=0.599) with emotional adjustment was positive and significant (P<0.01). Also, the regression results showed that spiritual health explained 33.6% and cognitive flexibility explained 37.3% of the variance in emotional adjustment.

 Strengthening the spiritual health and cognitive flexibility of poorly supervised and neglected adolescents can be effective in strengthening their emotional adaptation; The fundamental effect of spiritual health can play a very important role as one of the main sources of identity creation and identification in society, especially in a religious society like Iran.

The stress related to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be a risk factor for other psychological disorders in society. The present study aims to investigate the role of spiritual capital and mindfulness in predicting COVID-19-related stress in college students.

This is a descriptive-correlational study. The study population consist of all male and female students of Farhangian University in Birjand, Iran during 2021-2022. Of these, 242 eligible students were selected using a web-based non-probabilistic sampling method. They completed the Spiritual Capital Scale of Golparvar et al. (2015), the Southampton Mindfulness Questionnaire of Chadwick et al. (2008), and the Corona Stress Scale of Salimi (2015). For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation test and multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS software, version 22. The significance level was set at 0.05.

The relationship between spiritual capital and COVID-19-related stress (r=-0.585, P<0.01), and between mindfulness and COVID-19-related stress (r=-0.4569, P<0.01) was negative and significant. The spiritual capital explained 34.2% of the variance and the mindfulness explained 19.9% of the variance in COVID-19-related stress.

Spiritual capital and mindfulness can predict the COVID-19-related stress among college students. This indicates the need for planning to improve individual, social, and spiritual

 Promoting students 'social development in order to make appropriate decisions, communication and balance in society is essential, so the present study was conducted to investigate the role of moral intelligence and school culture in predicting students' social development.

 The present study was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all high school students in Birjand in the academic year 2019-20. Based on the Jesse and Morgan table, 360 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Research data collection tools included Lennick & Kiel (2007) Moral Intelligence Questionnaire, Higgins & Sadh School Culture (1998) and Ellis Witsman (1990) Social Development Questionnaire. Pearson correlation test and simultaneous regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS 22 software.

Ethical Considerations:

 After obtaining permission from the Department of Education and stating the objectives for the participants, they were given verbal consent and reassured about the confidentiality of the information.

 The results showed that there was a direct and significant relationship between moral intelligence and school culture with social development (P<0.01) and the components of moral intelligence (94%) and the components of school culture (35.7%) explain the social development of students.

 The results indicate the necessity for special attention of education administrators to promote moral intelligence and improve school culture in line with the social development of students.

Concerning the importance of innovation in the education system, this study investigates the impact of quantum leadership on organizational innovation through the mediating role of social capital among Birjand city school principals. The purpose of this study is practical and descriptive-correlational in nature. The data collection instruments include Azimee’s (1390) questionnaire, to measure quantum leadership, and Saatchi et al.’s (1389) questionnaire to measure organizational innovation. Social capital was also measured via the Nahapit and Guchal’s (1998) Questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires was assessed by Cronbach's alpha test, which was 0.954 for quantum leadership, 0.939 for organizational innovation and 0.879 for social capital questionnaire. Content validity was also used to assess the validity of the questionnaires. The statistical population of the study consisted of all school managers in Birjand. According to the Jersey Morgan table, 134 managers were selected through simple random sampling. Structural equation modeling using Warp-PLS software was used to confirm or reject the assumptions. The results showed that quantum leadership had a positive and significant effect on organizational innovation and social capital of the principals by 59% and 57%, respectively. Also, social capital has 21% positive and significant impact on organizational innovation. Finally, the relationship of partial mediation to social capital was confirmed. Based on the results of this study, school principals are advised to pay due attention to the concept of quantum leadership and use the basic skills of this style of leadership.