mojtaba mohammadpour

Most people often complain of abdominal bloating. The present study was designed and conducted with the purpose of examining the effect of sequential treatment of Metronidazole and Probiotics, and Probiotics alone in reducing the severity of symptoms of functional bloating.

The present study was a randomized clinical trial that was carried out from March 2022 until June 2023 in Isfahan and Khurshid Hospital. The studied population were suffering from flatulence and were diagnosed with functional bloating by a gastroenterologist based on Rome III criteria. Then they entered one of the two study groups in a double-blind manner. The first group was treated with Metronidazole for two weeks and then with Probiotic for two weeks. The second group was treated with Probiotic for four weeks. The severity of patients' bloating was measured by a 4-question questionnaire in five stages: before the start of the study, two weeks after, four weeks after, six weeks after, eight weeks after and 12 weeks after the start of the study.  Finally, the obtained information was entered into SPSS software version 24 Repeated measures ANOVA was used to investigate the relationship between variables.

After collecting the data, 43 patients in the first group and 44 patients in the second group were examined. 72.1% of the first group were women and 27.9% were men. In group two, this ratio was 72.7% for women and 27.3% for men. In this intervention, it was seen that in the 1st group, the average severity of bloating decreased until the end of the eighth week and after the second week of drug treatment, and then increased. In the second group, the average intensity of bloating decreased until the end of the fourth week and at the same time as the end of drug treatment, and then increased.

It was shown that in the study, the effect of this combined treatment had a greater effect in reducing the severity of functional bloating among patients with functional bloating.

Saffron is one of the most expensive spices in the world. Saffron is a spice that is widely cheated. The development of techniques based on simple, inexpensive, appropriate and fast tools in the food industry is essential for detecting adulteration such as saffron adulterated. In the present study, the combination of image processing and Support vector machine (SVM) method has been used for fast and non-destructive evaluation of distinguishing authentic saffron from adulterated saffron. After preparing images from pure and counterfeit saffron and separate stigmas, the images entered the pre-processing stages and finally, statistical features related to the texture of the images and morphological features including 105 features were extracted. In order to increase the speed and accuracy of classification, PCA principal component analysis method was used to reduce the properties of the feature matrix. Also, the images were classified into two classes using different SVM kernel functions. Also, the images were classified into two classes using different SVM kernel functions. Then statistical indicators such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and AUC were calculated to evaluate the classification. The values of these indices for classification with SVM cubic kernel for authentic saffron were 97, 98, 99, 93 and 97%, and for adulterated saffron, 97, 93, 83, 97.5 and 97% were obtained, respectively. The results of this classification showed that this system, as an intelligent, fast, non-destructive and accurate method, has the ability to distinguish the authentic saffron from adulterated saffron.

In this paper a mini turbofan engine which would be used in a UAV with 25 hours mission time in each flight, is considered to be in the early and reverse design phase and reliability and maintainability analysis have been performed. To overcome the lack of data in design phase, it is used generic data or expert judgments.Then simulation process utilizing reliability block diagrams is performed. The results involve reliability evaluation of system, reliability importance and availability. The engine has less than 98 percent reliability in 126 flight hours. A reliability allocation method has been utilized to improve the reliability measure to 98 percent in 250 flight hours. An availability analysis utilizing Monte Carlo simulation has been done and 0.753 percent as mean availability has been estimated during 3 years usage and maintenance policies have been proposed for 3 years usage of the engine. Results reveal that the oil and fuel filters, pumps and the disks and blades of the rotating subsystems are the most critical parts of the engine.

The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between membership in business groups and stock return in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Our sample based on cumulative data includes 1394 firms - year observations that are related to 144 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2001-2011. We use multivariate linear regression model to test the research hypotheses. Our findings indicate that stock return rate in business group companies is higher than those of independent companies. Also، stock return rate in firms affiliated with large and diversified business groups is higher than other business groups. Our findings of this research indicate that with increasing the levels of information asymmetry، decreases companies stock return rate. Also، with increasing level external financial dependence، companies stock return rate is higher. Also، findings indicate that stock return rate of business groups affiliated companies compared with independent companies and stock return rate of companies affiliated with large and diversified business groups compared with other groups are less sensitive to information asymmetry. Also، findings indicate that stock return rate of business groups affiliated companies compared with independent companies and stock return rate of companies affiliated with large and diversified business groups compared with other groups did not show sensitivity to external financial dependence. In addition، results indicate that in the Tehran Stock Exchange، there is no significant relationship between stock returns and corporate life cycle.

The purpose of this study was to investigate of the role of institutional ownership type the report of the independent auditors in listed firms in the Tehran Stock Exchange. In fact, this study seeks to answer the question whether institutional ownership (institutional investors) can play an effective role in type the report of the independent auditors, and if so, how this effect can be explained? To answer this question, the report of the independent auditors of the Auditing Standard No. 700 (revised in 2011 and in force since 20.03.2012 ), the two kind Un adjusted opinion (accebtable) and adjusted opinion (eventhal, rejected and no opinion) has been separated. The sample consisted of 111 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2004 to 2013. To test the hypothesis has been used of " logistic regression analysis". The findings of this study suggest that among percent ownership investors institutional and possibility unadjusted audit report, there is a relationship positive and significant. The results also show that there is a relationship negative significant among level of institutional ownership concentration and possibility unadjusted audit report.

Blur vision due to astigmatism and spherical refractive errors reduce stereopsis and develop amblyopia in children. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different type and amount of induced unilateral myopic and hypropic astigmatic anisometropia on stereopsis. This interventional study was performed on 60 normal patients after primary examination and refraction, the primary stereopsis was determined by TNO and Titmus stereotests. Myopic and hypropic astigmatic anisometropia were induced using trial lenses of 1 to 4 D, minus and plus in horizontal, vertical and oblique axis. The stereopsis was then determined by TNO and Titmus stereotests. Data were analyzed, using SPSS version 11.50.Patients with previous amblyopia, manifest deviations, ocular pathology and more than 4 prism heterophoria and abnormal fusion response with Bagolini test were excluded from the study. Mean stereopsis was 40.83±2.78 and 31.50±6.59 seconds of arc with Titmus and TNO stereotests respectivley before intervention in all patients. Stereopsis levels were reduced significantly with respect to the degree and types of meridional anisometropia (p< 0.001). Maximum reduction of stereopsis occurred with 4 D myopic and hypropic astigmatic anisometropia in oblique axis. It was 1930±271/5 and 1780±518/6 second of arc for TNO test and 773.33±101/4 and 693.33±/179.9 second of arc for Titmus stereotest. Comparison between mean stereopsis in myopic or hypropic astigmatic anisometropia was statistically significant in all three axes; horizontal, vertical and oblique (p< 0.000). According to the findings of this study, uncorrected meridional anisometropia(myopic and hypropic anisometropia) like spherical anisometropia has advers effect on binocular vision development and stereopsis. It can also develop amblyopia in critical age of children. 4 D meridional anisometropia reduced stereopsis to below 1% which indicated liner relation between them. These findings show that the low oblique and vertical astigmatic anisometropia reduce stereopsis more than the horizontal axis.