فهرست مطالب s. singh

The demand for aggregates for civil engineering construction is high in the market. The broad adoption of fly ash for producing fly ash aggregate is the best sustainable solution to fulfill aggregate demand and utilization of unused fly ash. Crushing is an essential step for producing angular-shaped aggregate. In this paper, an experimental study using a laboratory-scaled impact crusher was carried out to investigate the effect of crushing process parameters (feed block size, crusher speed and outlet sieve size) on the quality (particle size distribution, flakiness-elongation index and mechanical properties) of angular-shaped fly ash aggregates produced after crushing high-strength fly ash blocks. Particle size distribution and flakiness-elongation index were found to be changed with crushing parameters. Higher crushing speed resulted in small-size fly ash aggregates. Better particle size distribution of crushed fly ash aggregate was produced using a 60 mm outlet sieve compared to a 30 mm one. Well-graded fly ash aggregates with good particle shape (less flaky and less elongated) for the subbase layer of the road were obtained after crushing fly ash blocks of one-third feed size in a laboratory-scaled impact crusher at a crushing speed of 527 rpm and an outlet sieve of 60 mm. Mechanical properties (impact, crushing and abrasion values) of the fly ash aggregate were not much affected by crushing process parameters. The findings of this study will help in optimizing the crushing operation of the industrial impact crusher to produce high-quality angular-shaped fly ash aggregate on a large scale.

The prices of aggregate are increasing in India due to the massive demand for natural aggregate for infrastructure development. An attempt has been made to check the feasibility of the past developed technique for developing angular-shaped light-weight fly ash coarse aggregate from three different types of fly ashes. In this study, the effects of binder content, water content and hot water bath curing temperature on the compressive strength of blocks, as well as the impact value of prepared aggregate for fly ash-binder mixes were investigated. A relationship between impact value and compressive strength has also been suggested to predict the impact value of fly ash aggregate based on the compressive strength of block. For making angular-shaped fly ash aggregate, it was found that the fly ash with CaO content of 0.71%-3.85% requires higher binder content and curing temperature than that required for fly ash with CaO content of 10.45%. The resulting lightweight aggregates from three fly ashes have a compacted structure and angular shape for good interlocking. The results of mechanical properties test showed that the aggregate also meets the criteria of Indian code specifications for structural concrete aggregate.

The Himalayan mountain range is susceptible to slope instability in numerous areas due to its complicated topography, because of the existing natural conditions and human influence and intervenes. National Highway-05 is considered in this work. The area under investigation located in Rampur, district Shimla, Himachal Pradesh is evaluated for slope stability. The primary purpose of this work is to maintain the slope's stability in order to protect NH-05 and the neighboring three-sided residential structures. Following the site visit, the geotechnical investigations in the form of bore holes and laboratory tests are conducted. Analysis of slope stability is commenced after interpreting the geotechnical study report. For an analytic slope stability, the studied area is divided into three sections, labelled A1-A1', B1-B1', and C1-C1'. Taking into account the geotechnical aspects of the specified research region, the mitigation design parameters for the area and the circular slip failure are calculated using the numerical modeling techniques. The software computes the safety factor for both the static and dynamic situations. As a result, preventative measures and a few improvements are suggested.

In real-world data deluge, due to insignificant information and high dimension, irrelevant and redundant attributes reduce the ability of experts both in predictive accuracy and speed, respectively. Attribute selection is the notion of selecting those attributes that are essential as well as enough to specify the target knowledge preferably. Fuzzy rough set-based approaches play a crucial role in selecting relevant and less redundant attributes from a high-dimensional dataset. Intuitionistic fuzzy set-based approaches can handle uncertainty as it gives an additional degree of freedom when compared to fuzzy approaches. So, it has a more flexible and practical ability to deal with vagueness and noise available in the information system. In this paper, we introduce two new robust approaches for attribute selection based on intuitionistic fuzzy rough set theory using the concepts of Different Classes ratio and Laplace Summation operator. Firstly, Different Classes ratio and Laplace Summation operator based lower andupper approximations are established based on intuitionistic fuzzy rough set concept. Moreover, we present algorithms and illustrative examples for a better understanding of our approaches. Finally, experimental analysis is performed on some real-valued datasets for attribute selection and classification accuracies.

In this manuscript, higher-order Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) modes and parameters affecting vortex in the radiation pattern have been studied. A uniform circular array resonating at 10 GHz frequency is formed using eight identical rectangular patch antennas. Three uniform circular arrays are analyzed, simulated, and fabricated for OAM modes 0, +1, and -1 respectively. The higher-order OAM modes ±2, ±3, and ±4 are simulated and their effects on radiation and phase pattern are discussed. The effect of number of antenna elements and radius of the circular array on the phase purity of higher order OAM modes is presented. The results of simulated radiation patterns and phase front are well satisfying the generation of OAM modes. The measured results show a close agreement with the simulated result.

Among gliadins, α-gliadins are important active proteins in triggering celiac disease in human beings owing to the presence of toxic epitopes. A set of 177 α-gliadin gene sequences and the corresponding proteins were analyzed. Twenty accessions of hexaploids including 1, 14, and 5, respectively representing A, B, and D, with no intact CD-epitopes in α-gliadins, were identified. Twenty-two and 13 conserved motifs in non-repetitive domains NR1 and NR2, respectively, of α-gliadins differentiated all the amino acid sequences encoded by A genome of both diploids and hexaploids. Most of the amino acid sequences encoded by D genome (70 of 75 in hexaploids and 13 of 16 in diploids) could be identified by 22 amino acid motif. Large variations and lesser number of intact CD-epitopes was observed for α-gliadins belonging to B genome. As compared to diploids, repeat length of polyglutamine repetitive domain QII of B genome was lower in hexaploids indicating loss of Q residues during evolution of hexaploid wheat. The information can be used in assigning any α-gliadin sequences onto A, B, and D genomes and identifying wheat accessions with lesser CD-epitopes. The result presented here will be useful for the wheat improvement programs aiming for the management of celiac disease in human beings.