فهرست مطالب shahrad pourmohammad

The present study aimed to discover the memorabilia aspects and evaluate the effectiveness level on promoting the feeling of intimacy of inhabitants in localities to their biological scopes. The feeling of intimacy is a multidimensional issue for which various aspects are compelling. Based on the recent studies, memory as one of the criteria examines the feeling of intimacy toward their habitats. To assess the theoretical patterns, three locations were chosen as a case study among old localities, including Ishaq Beyg, Blackstone, and chicken market and three areas of irrigation, Havabord, and Eslahnezhad among new localities of Shiraz. A consistent questionnaire was distributed among them. This study includes a practical method is and developed based on correlation and descriptive-analytical technique. The questionnaires data were assessed by SPSS software and Spearman Correlation Coefficient tests, ANOVA, Tukey, Samples, and Paired Test Samples T and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Our results indicated the homogeneity of particular localities in old and new contexture based on the individual feature's similarities and importance of memory aspect on the promotion of intimacy in all localities. Thus, social memories are more effective than skeletal ones in promoting the inhabitant's intimacy in localities.

This present study raised the question of why vitality and ultimately the sense of belonging were linked to features of modern homes and neighborhoods. To address this inquiry four neighborhoods known as Zerehi, Beasat, Eslahi Negat, and Cinema Saadi in Shiraz City were selected. Then, in the library studies, vitality indices were extracted to reflect residents' sense of belonging. In the present study statistical analysis (spss) and questionnaire method were used and carried out in three stages. The first step looked at quantitive variables of vitality on the residence’ senses of belonging. The next one compared the cognitive impact of different vitality factors to the desire of living in the neighborhoods. At last, the relationship between vitality factors and the sense of belonging to living space were discussed in Shiraz neighborhoods.The outcome indicated that social vitality, design, and cultural vitality had greater impacts on residents' sense of belonging to living space. Besides, the results of the comparative analysis of different factors of vitality on the sense of belonging show that neighborhoods were influenced and classified by economic, social, ecological, and design in two different groups and cultural vitality in three separate categories.Finally, Spearman's correlation test reveals that residents in the Baysat neighborhood tend to stay in the area.Finally, the results demonstrated that through improving social and cultural vitality indices and design patterns, residents' sense of belonging could be increased.

A sense of belonging to a place, i.e. place attachment, means to have a perception of the environment and more or less conscious emotions on the surroundings, which brings one into an internal relationship with the surrounding environment. Thus, a person’s perception and emotions are bound by and integrated with the semantic context of the environment. A sense of place gives people comfort in an environment, and also leads individuals towards possession of an identity. Moreover, it can be stated that the sense of belonging to a space is a complex concept of human emotion and attachment to an environment, which is developed as a result of adaptation to the space and man’s application thereof.

Theoretical Framework

A review of the related literature can lead one to the roles of different factors in the formation of this sense, including the physical aspects of the environment, social characteristics of the residents, relationships between individuals and the environment, duration of residence, and, in general, memorability factors. The memorability factors influencing residents’ place attachment to the environment in their neighborhoods are divided into the two broad categories of physical memories and social memories. The measures affecting the probability of development of collective memory in cities include the residents’ familiarity with the neighborhood, neighborhood relations, etc., and the measures concerning the development of physical and spatial memory include the neighborhood center features, signs, introversion, etc.

The process of conducting the research is described as involving seven steps. The first step includes an extraction of the memorable factors which are influential on residents’ sense of attachment. For this purpose, the memory indicators are extracted via the documentary-analytical method. The results from the section on the theoretical framework reveal that the physical and social indicators are the most influential factors on the promotion of the sense of attachment in residents of neighborhoods in the city of Shiraz, Iran. The second step involved the development of the main research questionnaire. The features of physical and social memory are considered as the independent variables, and residents’ sense of attachment is considered as the dependent variable. In the third step, the ANOVA test is used for assessment of the level of homogeneity of the population from the old fabric and that from the new fabric. In the fourth step, the Spearman correlation coefficient is calculated for investigation of the effects of the memory factor on the promotion of the sense of attachment in the old and new fabrics. The fifth step involves the application of Tukey’s integrated test for comparison of the effects of physical and social memory on residents’ levels of  sense of attachment in different neighborhoods. In the sixth step, the paired-samples T test is employed to analyze the effects of physical and social memory on the improvement of residents’ sense of attachment to their neighborhoods and the significance of the differences. Consequently, the Pearson coefficient is used for investigation of the correlation between the different elements comprising the physical and social memory component, which influences residents’ sense of attachment to their neighborhoods. The neighborhoods selected for the case study include three situated in the old fabric, namely Sang Siyah, Eshagh Beig, and Bazare Morgh, examined along with three neighborhoods located in the new fabric, namely Abyari, Eslahe Nezhad, and Havabord. The districts to be examined for the case study are selected separately from the old and new fabrics given the similarities of the cultural components and the shared physical and social features measured in the present study.

It can be stated based on the above that the effect of physical and social memory on the promotion of residents’ sense of attachment in the selected neighborhoods of the same fabric is insignificant, and the selection for the case study has been appropriate in terms of feature similarity and homogeneity at the end of the assessment. The results obtained from the Spearman correlation coefficient reveal that a significant relationship exists between the sense of place attachment and memory in all the neighborhoods from the old and new fabrics. However, it can be stated in general that the Eshagh Beig neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect of physical memory in the old fabric on the improvement of the sense of attachment, and Bazare Morgh shows the least effect. In the new fabric, the Abyari neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect, and Havabord shows the least. 

In terms of the effects of social memory on the promotion of the sense of attachment, the Sang Siyah neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect, and Bazare Morgh shows the least effect in the old fabric, while the Abyari neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect, and Havabord shows the least in the new fabric. Based on this assessment, the mean effect of physical memory on the promotion of the sense of attachment is less than that of social memory in the old fabric. In the new fabric, however, the mean effect of physical memory on the promotion of the sense of attachment is significantly greater than that of social memory, and it can be stated in general that residents’ sense of attachment to neighborhoods in the new fabric is significantly lower than that in the old fabric. Given the results for the old fabric, memory-making elements in the neighborhood, from the physical memory indicator, and individuals’ familiarity, from social memory, exhibit the greatest effects, while the historical monuments factor, from physical memory, and NGOs, from social memory, have the least effects on residents’ sense of attachment to the living spaces. In the new fabric, memory-making elements in the neighborhood, from physical memory, and neighbors’ relations, from social memory, exhibit the greatest effects, and historical monuments, from physical memory, and social class, from social memory, have the lowest effects on the improvement of residents’ sense of attachment to the living spaces.

The man-made environment in which man lives is not merely a scientific tool or the result of aimless events, rather it is structured and embodies meaning. These meanings and structures reflect man's understanding of the natural and man-made environment and his general state of being. The meaning that man understands from the man-made environment, individually or socially, creates memories in his mind which ultimately increases the sense of belonging of residents to the living space. To create more meaningful spaces and promote the sense of belonging of residents to the space of their residence, this study sought to discover the memorable factors affecting the sense of belonging of residents to their living space. To evaluate the theoretical model, three neighborhoods including Sang-e Siah, Ishaq Beyg, and Morgh Bazaar were selected from the old neighborhoods of Shiraz, and three neighborhoods including Abiyari, Eslah Nejad, and Havabord were selected as a case study from the new neighborhoods of Shiraz and a questionnaire was distributed. The basic research method of this paper was a correlation. The data of the questionnaire were evaluated using Spss software, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Spearman's ρ), Tukey, ANOWA, Paired Sample T-Test, and Pearson correlation coefficient (Pearson's r). The memory factor was the independent variable and the sense of belonging was the dependent variable. The results of the present study indicated the importance of the memory factor in promoting a sense of belonging in all neighborhoods. Accordingly, the effect of social memories was greater than physical memories on promoting the sense of belonging of neighborhood residents and in general, the sense of belonging of residents to neighborhoods in the new fabric was much less than the old texture. Overall, the index of reminiscent elements from physical memories and familiarity with the neighborhood from social memories had the most impact and the factor of historical buildings from physical memories and non-governmental organizations from social memories had the least effect on promoting residents' sense of belonging to the living space.

In order to create more meaningful spaces and promote the sense of belonging of residents to the space of their residence, this study seeks to discover the memorable factors affecting the sense of belonging of residents to their living space. Morgh Bazaar were selected from the old neighborhoods and three neighborhoods of Abiyari, Eslah nejad and Havabord from the new neighborhoods of Shiraz were selected as a case study and a questionnaire was distributed. The basic research method of this paper is correlation. The data of the questionnaire are evaluated using Spss software, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Spearman's ρ) , Tukey , ANOWA, Paired Sample T-Test and Pearson correlation coefficient (Pearson's r) . The memory factor is the independent variable and the sense of belonging is the dependent variable.The results of the present study indicate the importance of the memory factor in promoting a sense of belonging in all neighborhoods, Accordingly, the effect of social memories was greater than physical memories on promoting the sense of belonging of neighborhood residents and in general, the sense of belonging of residents to neighborhoods, in the new texture is much less than the old texture .In general, the index of reminiscent elements from physical memories and familiarity with the neighborhood from social memories has the most impact and the factor of historical buildings from physical memories and non-governmental organizations from social memories has the least effect in promoting residents' sense of belonging to the living space.