جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « differences » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

According to the non-proliferation treaty of nuclear weapons, enjoyment of nuclear energy for the peaceful purposes is the right of the independent countries. But the pursuit and effort of the Republic of Islamic of Iran to gain this right has become the greatest challenge in the foreign policy of this country and clearly a contrast between Iran and the unites States of America and will continue in the indefinite future. The main question is what is the relationship between elites and nation of Iran and America with the formation of the confrontational foreign policy and the disagreement in the nuclear program of Iran? Scientific findings of this research shows, while the main competition between the American presidents is how to curb Iran's nuclear program, Iran's leader's emphasis on promoting nuclear knowledge and the policy of the presidents of Iran is in how to promote it. According to the writers of this research, using James Roseau’s national and international theory is a suitable approach for addressing this subject. They have also tried to provide an appropriate answer to this question using explanatory method, library resource documents and a few statistical resources.

Various generations in any society are one of the most significant assets and they transfer and maintain of values and norms of their previous generations. Somehow, these values and norms shape and stablish the social identity and common live of a nation. Therefore, there is an important outcome in studying of the variance or difference about how any generation have its own interpretation or point of view about the fundamental values and norms. In this regard, the present paper has studied of generations differences in Iran by using of discourse ananlysis of Phenomenological method. The studied indexes in generational difference or disconnection is "difference in interpretation and reading of the values". To this point, the paper has answered to the question that what are differences between younger and older generations about cognition and interpretation of the values. The results show that concepts like individuality, modernism, comparative mind, lacking of an applicable wares to transferring of values, epicuristic manner and pleasuring, independentism and incongruousness in family are the most effective core concepts that have a role in shaping of differences of values reading between two older and younger generations. In addition, besides of differences, there are some common concepts between the two generations that most important of them are as below: unsatisfying of current situation and infiltration of social media, cyberspace and social networks. As a policy recommendation, we suggest to operating a strategic planning and decision-making about the current economic situation of Iran to avoiding of becoming of the differences into the conflicts.

War is regarded as a natural phenomenon and it has always been a part of human’s social life and follows some principles that taken from previous experiences. War principles are a series of general regulations that have the responsibility of the war guidance. Also, the doctrine expresses the way of organizing the battle, movement and establishment of the forces, maneuver in the battle and supporting in order to overcome the enemy. The main purpose of this research is recognizing the similarities and differences between war principle and doctrine. The method is used in this paper, had been qualitative method and its type are applicable. The researcher has evaluated various sources and several articles that covered different aspects of the subject and used by the Delphi technique. 22 comments of wisdom persons in this research are gathered and analyzed. The research is applicable kind, and the method used is a survey. The researcher gathered the information through searching the resources at hand, and the open ended question. One of the findings of the article is that war principles and doctrines are both considered as a kind of regulation but the principle is steadier and more general. The doctrine is dynamic and is being revised continuously and demonstrates the military performance of the armed forces, but not the cause of them. The doctrine is based upon the war principle of armed forces that determines their performance.

Given the importance of Iran-Russia partnership in supporting the Syrian government since the outbreak of the civil war in this country, this article has tried to study the goals and interests of Iran and Russia in the Syrian Crisis and to analyze their diverging and converging goals and interests in this issue. In this vein, the main question of the article is that which factors affect Iran-Russia partnership in Syria and to which direction will these factors direct the nature of partnership between the two sides? The main hypothesis of the article is that being in a common front in Syria does not mean that Iran and Syria are completely on the same page in this crisis and the two sides have major differences on issues such as the future of Bashar al-Assad, Hezbollah and the future political structure of Syria. Therefore, it could be said that although the short-term goals guarantee the survival of the partnership in the short term, we can expect basic differences to arise between the two sides in the longer term. The article has been developed based on the explanatory method, using Neorealism as its theoretical framework.

During the recent years, there has been vast propaganda on ways to establish peace and peaceful coexistence across the world. According to a pessimistic view on human life, the activities made in this regard are not that much valuable, given the fact that these activities are far away from the modern-day realities of world approaches that warn keeping distance from evil, and believes in the biological principle of “struggle for survival”. On the contrary, there is an optimistic approach that renders all human beings as members of a single family and always tries to alleviate the differences. This paper intends to provide an appropriate answer to the question of “What are the principles and origin of “dialogue” in Islamic attitude?” Using a descriptive-analytical method, in this paper we have placed emphasis on the possibility of making diversified interpretations – even in a religion like Islam – knowing that each interpretation will be able to proceed automatically and make its gains from various human movements and social desires. The examples and universality of this approach have been put on trial in the highly complicated world incidents to give humans a chance to pick the best way for proximity to what is believed to be “the right”.

This paper aims to interpret the concepts of “talent”, “education” and “employment” in two paragraphs (2-2 and 5-4) of “science and technology” overall policy from the perspective of Supreme Leader and in terms of gender. To achieve this goal, thematic analysis applied, and reflections of Supreme Leader took into consideration. Accordingly, the differences and similarities of natural talents, and employment patterns of men and women expressed. Afterwards appropriate fields of study in accordance with natural talents and job requirements have been investigated. Findings show that men and women talents in human and spiritual talents are similar, and in physical and emotional areas are different. Thus, certain professions and disciplines are identical between men and women, and some of them are distinct.

Norouz is one of the ancient rituals and traditions that celebrated at the beginning of the New Year in Iran's civilization zone and is one of the factors of improvement of cultural integration between the countries of Iran's civilization zone. Besides Iran, this ritual is also celebrated in other countries of Iran's civilization area such as Central Asia and Caucasus, neighboring countries of Iran in west and east such as Iraq, Turkey, states of the southern Persian Gulf, Pakistan and even other regions such as Balkan and Peninsula. An exact survey of Norouz ritual among countries of Iran's civilization area demonstrates that some traditions and rituals of Norouz are common in countries of Iran's civilization area; nevertheless, some differences exist in some traditions related to Norouz. The main aim of this article is to survey on differences of norouz ritual among countries of Iran's civilization zone and denotes the causes of these differences.

Republicanism can introduced as confrontation with Liberalism with emphasizing on social goods and common goal of community members، active political participation of community in order to critical element in good life and recognizing freedom over than negative freedom and non-interference of society in private life. In two last final of twentieth century، defects of utilitarianstic and deontological Liberalism was criticized rely on reviving the tradition of Republicanism. Currently، this tradition has increasingly developed in connection with ideology of civic virtue prospect within communitarianism. The claim of this research is that “Communitarianistic Republicanism with developing Adjustments in the basic assumptions of radical Communitarianism، in supportive policy try to Prevent social disintegration with Identifying both continuities and differences.

Following the fall of the dictator Saddam Hussein's Baath Party, the Republic of Iraq has turned into a new emerging political power in the Middle East with the Shiite government approach, and due to the new geopolitical situation and regional and international geo-economics (oil resources) for both Iran and Saudi Arabia, the extra-regional powers have come to political competition field to exert their influences and gain strategic alliances with Iraq in order to protect national and regional interests.This paper is based on a comparative foreign policy analysis of Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia with regard to Post-Saddam Iraq and then analyzes the importance of Iraq in adopting those policies from political point of view, international relations concepts and Rosenau’s model as well.