contract

The aim of the present study is to compare the potential and actual perceptual capabilities of artificial intelligence with human powers in terms of contract conclusion, in order to examine the hypothesis of the possibility of attributing contract drafting to intelligent autonomous structural systems. Further, the main issue of the research is whether the perceptual and measuring constructs of intelligent systems can have effective functions in terms of results similar to the functions of human perceptual mind in contract conclusion? This study here, considers the functions of artificial intelligence for concluding contracts in terms of conventional tangible results in the same category as human perceptual and measuring minds and capabilities for the sake of contract conclusion and has provided the premises for preparing a positive answer to the hypothesis of attributing contract drafting to intelligent autonomous structural systems and considering them as agents in contract concluding. The research method here, is descriptive-analytical and the findings show that although human perceptual powers are immaterial and therefore immaterial, an issue that is considered impossible in intelligent systems so-called artificial intelligence, despite its lack of immateriality, has measurement and perceptual functions like those of human perceptual powers in terms of results. Therefore, it can be said that concluding a contract through a human process is not relevant and it does not have to be carried out only by him, and by improving its capabilities in this regard, but artificial intelligence can have functions similar to his perceptual and volitional powers in concluding a contract; as a result, it is assumed that by improving the capabilities of artificial intelligence, systems will no longer be as tools for transmitting the will of real persons, but like a human person, will also be able to attribute the contract to themselves, and finally their role in concluding a contract can be considered similar to the role of a true lawyer.

Responsibility literally means to be obligated or committed to do something. Duty refers to something that is legally or customarily incumbent on someone. Homework also means burdening someone with hard work and suffering. Commitment means taking on a job as well as making a covenant. Right also means share and share. Each of these words is somehow related to each other. For example, unless someone has a duty, he will not be responsible for doing it or not, and he will not be held accountable. The word homework is also associated with responsibility and duty; Because in all three cases, something is the responsibility of the person that its implementation is necessary and obligatory.Naturally, a person's divine human personality and his or her faith beliefs will play a key role in commitment and fulfillment of extraterritorial duties. In the present article, using a descriptive-analytical method and based on qualitative content analysis, the role of the individual's spiritual and doctrinal personality in the commitment to fulfill duties and contracts has been explained and ambiguities have been answered in this regard.

Today, oil has a lot in the economy of its producing countries. For numerous reasons, including the colonial relations between the producing countries and the colonial peoples on the one hand, and the lack of specialist forces and the necessary capital for oil production in the Third World countries, with the participation of mainly capitalists from industrialized countries. For this reason, the legal nature of these relationships has been the subject of many discussions. On the one hand, the general and economic aspects and its moral hazard for the host country and the private aspects of capitalism have added to the difficulty of the discussion. The financial and non-financial conditions of such contracts have changed dramatically in different periods of history, creating many patterns. The political and economic changes in the world, in turn, have brought about changes and changes in the context of these relations and its moral hazard. A survey of the first form of these oil relations, signed under the title "Concession Concession" of capital investors with oil-rich governments, has revealed that today's conventional contracts can outline the different aspects of morality in these contracts. In this paper, the study of the appropriate model of moral hazard in the non-financial conditions of oil and gas contracts in Iran is carried out in a descriptive-analytical manner..

The present article deals with one of the important philosophical discussions on "right". The question is whether "right" in "having right" is an existential one or conventional? In other words, when we use "having right" in politics, law and ethics – disregarding the legislation of the legislator – is it an actual reality or a conventional one? Considering the fact that Allama Tabatabaie is a prominent authority in humanities and his view on "right" is an effective one, the present article investigates his view in this regard, and is seeking to prove the claim that according to his principles and ideas in his Tafsīr Al-Mīzān, "right" does not have just a conventional nature; rather, it enjoys a dual nature (existential and conventional). In this study, data explanation was done through rational and critical analysis, and the data collection was in documentary form.