problem solving ability

The purpose of this study was to determine difference between problem solving ability and critical thinking of elementary students of non-profit schools in Shiraz with two teacher-centered and student-oriented educational styles. The present study is an analytical-comparative study. The statistical population of this study is all elementary students of non-profit schools in Shiraz, who studied in the academic year 1396-97. The sample consisted of 240 students with two teacher-centered and student- oriented educational styles. they were selected in the simple non-random (targeted ) sampling. The used scales included Hepner-Wattsrens problem-solving questionnaire and Ritex Critical Thinking Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test and ANOVA). The results showed that The average of problem-solving ability and Critical thinking of students with a student-centered learning style were more than teacher-centered.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological factors such as perceived stress, problem solving ability and sensitivity to rejection in treatment and return after two months of addicts. The method of the present study is descriptive-comparative. The statistical population of male addicts referred to public and private addiction treatment centers in Saveh (Rezvan, Janat, Ferdows and Zand addiction treatment centers) was 1400 people. 112 people were determined by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (106 people with a history of cleanliness of at least one year and 106 people with a history of cleanliness less than two months). In order to collect data, Cohen et al. (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Hepner and Petersen (1982) PSI Problem Solving Questionnaire and Sensitivity to Rejection and Emotional Neglect Questionnaire were used. The content validity of the questionnaires has been confirmed by professors and experts in this field. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient of perceived stress questionnaires (0.86), Hepner problem solving (0.83) and sensitivity to rejection and emotional neglect (0.72) was estimated to be higher than 0.7 and indicates the internal coordination of items and confirmation. It was the reliability of the questions. In order to analyze the data, multivariate analysis of variance (Manova) was used using SPSS software. The results showed that the mean of "perceived stress" and "sensitivity to rejection" in treated addicts were significantly lower than the recurrent group. While the average "problem solving ability" in clean people was estimated to be higher than recurrent people. The volume of the effect also indicated that approximately 18.4% of the variance of "perceived stress" and 18.2% of the variance of "problem solving ability" The problem can be explained by attribution to groups. The figure for "rejection sensitivity" was 10.8 percent

The executive functions of the brain are important structures that are responsible for controlling consciousness, thinking and actions associated with psychological processes. Therefore, the research question is whether using short-term dynamic psychotherapy intervention, awareness and integration of these two can enhance executive functions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ISTDP intervention program, awareness training and integration of these two executive functions.

The design of this quasi-experimental study was pre-test and post-test with the control group. The study population consisted of 9 female students in the ninth grade of district 4 of Tehran city who were studying in the academic year 2017 subjects were selected who, after the initial diagnostic interview, were identified as the best available sample to participate in the course. Subjects were randomly assigned into 3 experimental and 1 control groups. The research instrument was the London Shallis Tower Test (1982), Dynamic Dynamics Protocol (1995) and Cobt-Zain Consciousness Intervention (1990, 1990). Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data.

The results of the analysis of pre-test and post-test scores between the two experimental and control groups showed that awareness training programs, istdp intervention program, and the combination of these two groups resulted in post-test and posttest scores in all three groups. Part of the integrated intervention was more than the other two interventions (p<0/05).

Consolidated intervention had the most effect and the intervention of awareness had the least effect on the problem solving ability of the subjects. Although the effect of ISTDP-based intervention was more than body-awareness intervention, the difference between these two interventions was not statistically significant, while the difference between body-awareness and integrated intervention was statistically significant.

The purpose of the present research was explaining academic burnout on child- parent relationship pattern( parental styles) with mediating resiliency and problem solving ability among female students in junior high school in Tehran city. Statistical population were female students in high schools in Tehran city in academic year 2015-2016. Method of research was mixed method-explaining (quantitative- qualitative)in two stages. First stage used correlation method and second stage was qualitative method with descriptive phenomology. In first stage sampling method was multi stages cluster and included 461 female students in high school. In second stage sampling method was burn out purposive method and 10 students were selected. The instruments were: Breso and others Academic Burnout Questionnaire(2007), Bagheris Child-Parent Relationship Questionnaire(1392), Conner and Davidson Resiliency Scale (2003) and Heppner and Peterson,s Problem Solving Ability Inventory(1982) and semi-structural interview were used. In first stage data were analysised by structural equation model and in second stage we used Colaizzi method. The results indicated that the model had a good fitness with the data. Results in qualitative research was congruent with results quantitative research.

This study to aim compared of students emotional intelligence with and lack of problem-solving / flexibility ability was performed. A method research was ex pact facto. The study sample included 78 male and female students were randomly participated in the experimental situation. Research tools include Cattell situation of locus cognition test and bar on emotional intelligence test. Analysis of variance was used to analyze test data. finding showed that the nonflexible and lack of problem – solving group scored lower in emotional intelligence and its scale and flexible and problem – solving group scored higher in emotional intelligence and its scale, respectively. The research showed that people with flexibility and problem-solving ability than the other groups had higher emotional intelligence. So the flexibility, problem solving ability and emotional intelligence have been linked together and enable one to face the challenges.