aggression

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral game therapy on working memory, sustained attention, impulse control, and aggression in hyperactive adolescents. The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of the research included all hyperactive adolescents who were referred to counseling in the city of Tankabon in the academic year 2023-2024. The research sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). To collect data, the computerized Continuous Performance Test (CPT Rosold (1956), Damine and Carpenter Working Memory Test (DCAMT) (1980), Wilcoxon Impulsivity Questionnaire (WIQ) (1970), Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ, 1992) were used. The data were analyzed using the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements and Ben Feroni's post hoc test. The findings showed that the difference between the pre-test and the post-test (educational intervention effect) and the difference between the pre-test and the follow-up (time effect) were significant in all components. was (P<0.001) and the difference between the intervention group and the control group is significant in terms of the average scores of active memory, sustained attention, impulse control, and aggression in the entire study stages (P<0.001). Cognitive-behavioral is one of the effective methods in promoting active memory and sustained attention and reducing impulsiveness and aggression in hyperactive teenagers.

The category of aggression in personal and social relationships is an important issue that requires more and more research and knowledge. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of predicting aggression based on communication skills and self-compassion, considering the mediating role of cognitive distortions. The current research was a type of correlation study with path analysis method. The statistical population of this research was all students of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan in the academic year of 2022-2023. The selected sample consisted of 253 people from among the target statistical population, who were selected by available sampling method. To collect data from the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSTR) (Quindam, 2004), the Self-Compassion Questionnaire (SCS) (Neff, 2003), the Aggression Questionnaire (EAI) (Eysenck and Glen Wilson, 1975) and the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (Abdollahzadeh and Salar, 2009) was used. The resulting data were analyzed in SPSS 26 and AMOS 23 software and with statistical tests of Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis. Data analysis showed a good fit of the model after modification. The direct effect of communication skills (0.20), self-compassion (-0.61) and cognitive distortions (0.19) on aggression was significant (p<0.05). Also, the indirect results of the paths showed that only the relationship between communication skills and the mediating role of cognitive distortions on aggression (-0.14) was significant (p<0.05). Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that communication skills, self-compassion and cognitive distortions have a significant role in aggression, and considering the high personal and social importance of the phenomenon of aggression and the various consequences it can have for society and individuals, attention Its predictive factors are important.

Preschool children's hostility in comparison to family-centered play therapy and parent-centered meta-emotional training. The control group underwent a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up as part of the semi-experimental design. The statistical population consisted of 45 preschool children from Tehran in 2021-2022, who were selected through targeted sampling. The parents of the first and second experimental groups were treated with parent-centered meta-emotional training and family-centered play therapy, respectively. The research tool was aggression questionnaire of preschool children (APC). The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software for repeated measure analysis of variance. In the post-test and follow-up phase, both parent-centered meta-emotional training and family-centered play therapy significantly reduced the aggression of children (P>0.001) However, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of the two groups (P<0.05). In parent-centered meta-emotional training, the child’s capacity to express his emotions was enhanced, thereby reducing the likelihood of aggressive behavior. This was achieved by assisting parents in emphasizing the child's emotions and feelings and adopting a receptive perspective toward them. In the family-centered approach, the child’s more adaptive behaviors were significantly altered, and the family’s understanding of how to interact with the child was further enhanced through the use of the game. This allowed the child to express his desires without being compelled to demonstrate aggression. No funding has been allocated to this investigation.

This research studied the effectiveness of group story therapy on the externalizing behaviors of female students with oppositional defiant disorder. The research method was semi-experimental (pre-test-post-test with a control group design). The sample includes 32 people (16 people in each group). They were selected through the screening of 400 female students in first and second grades of primary schools in the first district of Tabriz, by clustered sampling, implementing the Child and Adolescents Behavior Inventory (CABI, Achenbach & Rescorla, 2007). They were randomly assigned to the groups. After the implementation of the pre-test, the experimental intervention, and the post-test, the data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis. The findings showed that story therapy reduced the externalizing behaviors and the components of hyperactivity/impulsivity, law-breaking, and aggressive behavior among female students with oppositional defiant disorder(P<0.05). It was concluded that story therapy could be used to treat the externalizing behaviors of female students and its effectiveness could be studied among male students and on other disorders.

Considering the detrimental effects of adolescent aggression on their development, the present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between family functioning, the quality of interpersonal relationships, and socio-economic status with the level of aggression among high school students. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The participants were 316 high school students from Tabriz during the first semester of the 2015-2016 academic year, selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. They completed the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992), the McMaster Family Assessment Device (1983), the Quality of Relationship Inventory by Pierce et al. (1991), and a researcher-made socio-economic status tool. The data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software. The results demonstrated a significant relationship between the components of family functioning, interpersonal relationships, and the level of adolescent aggression. Family functioning and interpersonal relationship dimensions could predict changes in the level of aggression. However, no significant relationship was found between socio-economic status and the dimensions of adolescent aggression. Since family functioning and interpersonal relationship dimensions can explain the level of adolescent aggression, improving these variables can reduce adolescent aggression.

The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting aggressive behaviors in men with self-injury experience based on family affective climate and parental religiousness. The research method used was a descriptive correlational type and the statistical population of this research included all the men who had self-injury experience in West Azerbaijan province in 2023, from which 190 people were selected by Convenience Sampling and answered the Parental Religiousness questionnaire (1998), Family affective climate questionnaire (1964), and Buss Perry Aggression questionnaire (1992). The results showed parental religiousness predicts aggressive behaviors (R2=0.469, P>0/001) and mother’s religious leaning has a negative relation with aggressive behaviors (β=-0.528, P>0/001) and father’s religious leaning also has a negative relation with aggressive behaviors (β=-0.222, P>0/001). Family affective climate was also found to predict aggressive behaviors (except father-son relationship) (R2=0.196, P>0/001) and mother-son relationship had a negative relationship with aggressive behaviors (β=-0.421, P=0/001). In conclusion, this study sheds light on the significant relationship between family affective climate, parental religiousness, and aggressive behavior in men who engage in self-mutilation. These findings call for early intervention and therapeutic methods that address both religious experiences and families' emotional climate to prevent aggressive actions.

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of rejection concern in the relationship between the experience of neglect in childhood and aggressive behaviors in adolescents. The present research method was the descriptive-correlation type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research was made up of all female students of the first secondary school in the city of Soumesara in the academic year 2023-2024. 260 female students participated in the multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect information from the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) by Bass and Perry (1992), Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ) by Downey and Feldman (1996), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) by Bernstein et al. (2003). used. To analyze the data, the method of structural equation modeling and bootstrap was used. The results of the path coefficients indicated that the proposed model predicted a total of 40% of the variance of aggression in the participants and had a good fit. The results showed that the direct effect of neglect experience and rejection concern on aggression was significant, and the direct effect of neglect experience on concern of rejection was significant (P<0.05). The results of this study indicated that the experience of neglect in childhood can increase aggressive behaviors in adolescents; Also, this relationship can be mediated by increased rejection concern.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mentalization therapy on the difficulty in emotion regulation and self-control in adolescents with high aggression. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a three-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 who were referred to the Development Counseling Center in Rasht in the first half of 2023, and 30 people were selected based on the inclusion criteria using a purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental (15) and control groups. (15). The experimental group received mentalization therapy during 20 75-minute training sessions, once a week. The data collection tool was Bass and Perry's Aggression Questionnaire (AQ, 1992), Gertz and Romer's Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS, 2004), and Tanjani et al.'s Self-Control Scale (SCQ, 2004). The results were analyzed using the repeated measurement variance method. The results showed that the effectiveness of mentalization therapy on the variables of difficulty in emotion regulation and self-control is significant (p<0.05). And this effect was permanent in the follow-up phase (p<0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that mentalization therapy can be effective in reducing the difficulty in regulating emotions and increasing self-control in adolescents with high aggression.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between mother-child interaction, mother's anxiety and depression with aggression of elementary school boy students in District 1 of Rasht city. The type of descriptive research and its method was also correlational. The statistical population included all the male students of the 6th grade of elementary education schools in the 1st district of Rasht in the academic year of 2023-2024 along with their mothers (870), of which a sample of 205 students and 205 mothers was selected by sampling method. Clusters were randomly selected. Aggression questionnaires by Eyseng and Glenn Wilson (1975), assessment of mother-child relationship by Russ (1980) and hospital anxiety and depression by Sigmon and Snaith (1983) were used to collect the required data. Parametric statistical tests of Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there is a relationship between mother-child interaction and aggression of male students (P<0.05 and r=0.16), between mother's anxiety and students' aggression (P<0.05 and r=0.24) and between mother's depression and Aggression of male students (P˂0.05 and r=0.19) has a significant relationship, and a total of 14.6 percent of the changes in male students' aggression is explained by the three mentioned variables. Based on the mentioned findings, it can be concluded that the improvement of mother-child interaction and the reduction of mother's anxiety and depression lead to the reduction of male children's aggression.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of parent-child conflict and the original family function on aggression with the mediation of identity styles in female students. The statistical population of the study was comprised of senior high school students in Kermanshah city. In order to draw the sample, cluster random sampling method was utilized and 384 students were selected. The research instruments included Eysenck & Glyn Wilson’s Aggression Questionnaire (1975), Parent-Child Relationship Scale (Fine et al., 1983), the Family-of-Origin Scale (Hovestadt et al., 1985) and Identity Style Inventory (Berzonsky et al., 2013). The reliability and validity of the research tools was confirmed through content validity, confirmatory factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was done using structural equation modeling (SEM) and partial least squares (PLS) using SPSS25 and Smartpls3 software. The results of the research indicated that the parent-child conflict and original family function directly and indirectly had an impact on the aggression of female students of senior high school students through identity styles. Accordingly, it can be concluded that it is possible to reduce students’ aggression by diminishing the parent-child conflicts, strengthening the family function and also directing identity styles in a proper way.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of anger rumination in the relationship between trait anger and aggression and the moderating role of moral disengagement. This research is in the form of correlational path analysis and more precisely modeling the moderating mediator. The statistical population of this research was all the twelfth grade students of the second period of high school in the academic year of 2021-2022 in Ahvaz city, from which 200 students were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The instruments used in this research included the Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992); Trait-State Anger Expression Inventory– 2 (Spielberger, 1999); Anger Rumination Scale (Sukhodolsky, Golub & Cromwell, 2001); and Civic Moral Disengagement Scale (Caprara, Fida, Vecchione, Tramontano & Barbaranelli, 2009). The evaluation of the proposed model was done through the Software SPSS 22 and PROCESS method, model No. 15. Results showed that trait anger had a positive and significant relationship with aggression and anger rumination was the mediator of this relationship. Moral disengagement moderated the conditional direct relationship between anger rumination and aggression and the relationship between trait anger and aggression at two levels (out of three levels). Regarding the conditional indirect results between trait anger and aggression through anger rumination, moral disengagement moderated this relationship only at two levels (at the mean and one standard deviation above the mean). Overall, by incorporating moral disengagement as a moderator into the model, the current study detected effects that would have been neglected without the moderation analysis.

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of group play therapy in reducing behavioral problems and aggression in children aged 7 to 12 years who are anxious. The research design was semi-experimental, employing a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. A total of 30 anxious primary school students from the Forth district of Tehran were selected purposefully and randomly to form the experimental and control groups. Data were collected via the Rutter Children's Behaviour Questionnaire for completion by parents (RCBQ) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). The experimental group underwent group play therapy over the course of eight 45-minute sessions. The results of the multivariate covariance analysis indicated a statistically significant difference between the mean scores for behavioral problems and aggression in the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the findings indicated that group play therapy has been effective in reducing the scores for behavioral problems and aggression in the experimental group. These findings suggest that group play therapy may be an effective intervention for reducing behavioral problems and aggression in children aged 7 to 12 years who are anxious.

This study aimed to predict aggression in adolescents based on the quality of interpersonal relationships and cognitive regulation of emotion. This research was basic research and regarding procedure, it was a descriptive-correlation study. The statistical population of the current study was teenagers aged 15 to 18 in Tehran in 2023 from the north, northwest, west, and southwest regions of Tehran. The sampling method was available and a sample of 220 people was considered for the present study. The tools of this research included an aggression questionnaire (AQ, Buss and Perry, 1992), a relationship quality inventory (QRI, Peirce et al., 1991), and a cognitive emotion regulation strategies questionnaire (CERQ, Garnefski and Kraaij, 2006). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression. The results of the research showed that there was a significant negative relationship between aggression with social support, depth of relationships (parents and friends), aggression with interpersonal conflict (parents and friends), and cognitive regulation of uncompromised emotion (p<0.01). Predictor variables explained a total of 30% of aggression changes. It can be concluded that the quality of interpersonal relationships and cognitive regulation of emotion play a key role in aggression in adolescents.