fuzzy delphi

Public participation is an integral part of environmental impact assessment (EIA) in order to achieve sustainable development principles. The aims of public participation in EIA vary from improving the quality of plans and projects, improving implementation by preventing litigation and costly delays and meeting legal requirements, to improving active citizenship, complementing democracy, protecting individual rights and creating acceptance for the project’s outcome. Thus, this study was aimed at investigating the current status of public participation in EIA of Iran and compare it with desirable state. This study applied the fuzzy Delphi method In order to map the desired situation and compare it with the current status of public participation in the Iran. The results show that lack of adequate attention to the public participation, leads to major shortcomings in the levels and methods of public participation in EIA reports. Effective factors in achieving the desired status are: revision of policies, procedures, determination of frameworks and standards of public participation and continuous training and awareness among all stakeholders of environmental impact assessment.

Wetlands are between water and land; they are of great importance for the livelihoods of the local communities. The aim of this study is to determine the factors influencing the destruction of Amir Kalayeh wetland in Guilan province. The criteria are based on CIPA goals, including 4 criteria as communication, education, participation and awareness-raising. Communication criteria consisted of 6 sub-criteria, education criterion with 5 sub-criteria, participation criteria with 3 sub-criteria and awareness-raising criterion with 6 sub-criteria. The criteria and sub-criteria were prioritized using fuzzy Delphi technique. The results showed the factors as sectional viewpoint of the organizations, lack of knowledge of the rules and legal regime of Amir Kalayeh wetland, lack of attention and reliance on indigenous knowledge, lack of awareness about the values, functions and threats of wetlands, and lack of reform and updating of deterrent laws (such as crimes and regulations) were identified as the most important contributing factors.

Education is one of the most important organs in the country which besides the task of education can play an important role in educating students about environmental behavior. Unfortunately, due to educational gaps and lack of environmental awareness and lack of sense of responsibility in the society, environmental problems in the country have reached the limit of crisis. The purpose of this study was to identify the effective dimensions and components of environmental protection by students. The purpose of this research is applied and in terms of data collection is a descriptive-survey research. The study population consisted of 21 experts and experts of Kermanshah Province Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Municipalities, Education and Tourism. Based on the theoretical literature, environmental impact indicators have been identified in this study and classified into four sub-criteria (awareness, education and information, responsibility and interest and participation) and 38 sub-criteria. Finally, these indices are analyzed using single-stage fuzzy Delphi method to identify the most important ones.