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جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه

noncoding rnas

در نشریات گروه پزشکی
تکرار جستجوی کلیدواژه noncoding rnas در مقالات مجلات علمی
  • Amirhossein Aghayan, Yasin Mirazimi, Zahra Sadat Hosseini, Mohammad Rafiee*

    significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), patients still face poor diagnosis with unsatisfactory survival, so it is imperative to explore novel diagnostic biomarkers to improve early detection and treatment outcomes. Thus, here, the potential role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in AML diagnosis is reviewed. PubMed, Scopus, WOS, ProQuest databases, and Google Scholar search engines were searched for studies published through March 2023. The results were assessed using the modified method of GRADE assessment. The sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were combined to investigate the diagnostic role of circRNAs in AML. The number of studies included in this systematicreview and meta-analysis was 18. For the diagnostic value of circRNAs in AML, the pooled SEN, SPE, PLR, and NLR were 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.89), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88), 5.74 (95% CI: 4.49–7.33), and 0.18 (95% CI: 0.13–0.24), respectively.Furthermore, the pooled DOR and AUC were 32.71 (95% CI: 20.09–53.24) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88–0.93), respectively. Furthermore, through subgroup analysis, it is better to have a sample size above 120 and a control/patient ratio above 50%. In addition, Deek’sfunnel plot demonstrated nonconsiderable publication bias (P = 0.65). Finally, according to the GRADE assessment for diagnostic tests, the certainty of evidence regarding sensitivity and specificity was moderate. Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest the analysis of circRNAs expression as promising and valuable biomarkers related to the diagnosis of AML and also can be helpful in the diagnosis of AML patients as a noninvasive and low-cost method.

    Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Circular RNA, Diagnose, Meta?Analysis, Noncoding Rnas, Systematic Review
  • Maziar Oveisee, Akram Gholipour, Mahrokh Bagheri Moghadam, Mahshid Malakootian
    Background

    Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common disease resulting from the median nerve entrapment at the wrist. Although CTS (prevalence=5%–10% in the general population) is the most common neuropathy, its molecular mechanisms need elucidation. We used bioinformatics to detect genes with differential expressions in CTS and introduce the molecular regulatory noncoding RNAs and signaling pathways involved.

    Methods

    The raw files of the RNA sequencing of CTS patients and controls were obtained from GEO (accession: GSE108023), and the samples were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes were isolated using DESeq2 R. Functional analyses were conducted on the signaling pathways, biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components of the differentially expressed genes. Additionally, interactions between the most differentially expressed genes and miRNAs and lncRNAs were investigated bioinformatically.

    Results

    Upregulation and downregulation were observed in 790 and 922 genes, respectively. The signaling pathway analysis identified the metabolism pathways of arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and tyrosine as the most significant pathways in CTS. Moreover, PLA2G2D and PLA2G2A with upregulated expressions and PLA2G2F, PLA2G4F, PLA2G4D, PLA2G3, and PLA2G4E with downregulated expressions were genes from the phospholipase family playing significant roles in the pathways. Further analyses demonstrated that hsa-miR-3150b-3p targeted PLA2G2A and PLA2G4F, and RP11-573D15.8-018 lncRNA had regulatory interactions with the aforementioned genes.

    Conclusion

    Molecular studies on CTS will clarify the involved signaling pathways and provide critical data for biomedical research, drug development, and clinical applications.

    Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, RNA Sequencing, Signaling Pathways, Noncoding Rnas
  • Mahdieh Salimi *, Shamim Dashti Gohari
    Background

    Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, and early diagnosis and targeted therapy have garnered significant attention. Non-coding RNAs have emerged as potential diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment biomarkers for breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of non-coding RNAs, specifically miR-506 and circular RNA 000284, and their target gene SNAIL-2 in breast cancer patients compared to normal controls. The study also focused on clinicopathological characteristics, and plasma was monitored for expression of circ0000284 to identify a possible accessible cancer-related marker.

    Methods

    Using the SYBR-Green Real-time PCR technique, circ0000284, miR-506, and SNAIL2 expression were analyzed in total RNA extracted from 80 breast tumors compared with normal control. Also, the expression of circ0000284 was monitored in the plasma of breast cancer patients. The association of circ0000284, miR-506, and SNAIL2 expression with clinicopathological characteristics were studied.

    Results

    The results showed overexpression, down-regulation, and up-regulation of circRNA 000284, miR-506, and SNAIL-2, respectively. These expression changes were associated with advanced stages of the disease and lymph nodal involvement, which are signs of a poor prognosis (<0. 0001). Additionally, a positive direct correlation was observed between circRNA000284 expression in tumors and plasma (<0. 0001). Moreover, it was discovered that circ-0000284 sponged miR-506, causing up-regulation of SNAIL-2 as its mRNA target.

    Conclusion

    The upregulation of SNAIL-2 as an epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) factor leads to poor prognosis in breast cancer and is epigenetically regulated by miR-506 and circRNA 000284. Therefore, the overexpression of circRNA000284 in plasma could be considered an indicator of lymph nodal involvement and advanced stages of cancer, and nominated as a poor prognostic biomarker for future considerations.

    Keywords: breast cancer, circRNA000284, miR-506, noncoding RNAs, prognosticbiomarker
  • Simin Siamigorji, Isa Jorjani, Alireza Tahamtan, Abdolvahab Moradi*

    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known as a new class of small RNAs (18-25 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression at multiple levels from transcription to translation. Considering the important role of miRNAs in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, any variations in their expression can contribute to various anomalies, such as tumorigenesis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have received much attention as potential genetic markers for diseases due to their advantage of being present at a high frequency in the human genome. SNPs can occur in different parts of the miRNA genes (primary, precursor, and mature) which result in pathological conditions. In this study, recent findings related to the effects of SNPs in miRNAs on their biogenesis and functions and their role in cancer development and progression are discussed. This review was performed using PubMed to search for related reports. The identified effects may be useful for clinical decision-making and providing important new information about the pathophysiology of miRNAs.

    Keywords: MicroRNAs, Noncoding RNAs, Single nucleotide polymorphisms, Mutation, Cancer
  • کیانوش محمدی، رضا صفرعلیزاده*
    زمینه و هدف
    با توجه به اینکه سرطان کلورکتال اغلب در مراحل اولیه فاقد علامت فنوتیپی است، لذا مطالعه ی نشانگرهای زیستی برای پیش بینی و تشخیص شروع تومور بسیار حائز اهمیت است. میکروRNAها یکی از مهم ترین نشانگرهای زیستی هستند که به دلایل مختلف ازجمله غیرتهاجمی بودن، مطالعه ی آن ها توجه بسیاری از محققان را به خود جلب کرده است؛ این مولکول ها گروهی از RNAهای کوچک غیرکدکننده هستند که به وسیله ی میانکنش با mRNA، بیان ژن را در سطح بعد از رونویسی مهار می کنند. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی پتانسیل میکروRNA ها به عنوان نشان گرهای زیستی و مطالعه تغییرات آن ها در سطوح مختلف پاتوفیزیولوژیکی و مولکولی سرطان است.
    مواد و روش ها
    در مطالعه ی مروری حاضر با جستجو در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Google scholar و Scopus به بررسی نقش میکروRNA ها در سرطان کلورکتال پرداخته شده است.
    نتیجه گیری
    کشف این مسئله که میکروRNAها توان عمل به هر دو صورت انکوژن یا سرکوبگر تومور را دارند، باعث شروع مطالعات وسیعی درزمینه ی سرطان شد که نتیجه ی آن شناسایی میکروRNAهای متنوع درگیر در سرطان زایی و پیشرفت آن بود. مطالعات گوناگون بد تنظیمی میکروRNAها را در نمونه های بافتی و مایعات بدن افراد مبتلابه سرطان کلورکتال نشان داده است. میکروRNAها ازلحاظ شیمیایی در مایعات مختلف بدن مانند سرم، پلاسما و نمونه های مدفوعی پایدار بوده و تشخیص آن ها نیز آسان است، بنابراین بامطالعه ی میکروRNAها در سرطان کلورکتال می توان از شروع، مراحل، گسترش یا مکانیسم عمل تومور آگاه شد یا آن را پیش بینی کرد.
    کلید واژگان: سرطان کلورکتال، میکروRNA، نشانگر زیستی، تشخیص سرطان، RNAهای غیر کد کننده
    Kiyanoush Mohammadi, Reza Safaralizadeh*
    Background & Objective
    Since colorectal cancer does not often have phenotypic symptoms in the early stages, the study of biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of the tumor is very important. MicroRNAs are one of the most important biomarkers which attract the attention of many researchers due to a variety of reasons, including their non-invasive nature; these molecules are a group of non-coding small RNAs that suppress gene expression by interacting with mRNA at the post-transcriptional level. The objective of the present study is to investigate the potential of microRNAs as a biomarker for colorectal cancer and evaluating their changes at different pathophysiological and molecular levels of cancer.
    Methods
    In this review study, we explored the PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases to investigate the role of microRNAs in colorectal cancer.
    Conclusion
    The discovery of the fact that microRNAs are able to act as oncogene or tumor suppressor has led to the initiation of extensive investigations on cancer, resulting in the identification of various microRNAs involved in carcinogenesis and its progression. Various studies have shown that microRNAs are dysregulated in tissue samples and body fluids of people with colorectal cancer. MicroRNAs in body fluids such as serum, plasma, and fecal specimens are chemically stable, and their diagnosis is easy, so by studying microRNAs in colorectal cancer, the initiation, stages, spread, or mechanisms of the tumor can be predicted and notified.
    Keywords: colorectal cancer, biomarker, miRNAs, cancer diagnosis, noncoding RNAs
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