جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « صنایع ساختمانی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Construction workers have the second rank in injuries due to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ergonomic status of construction jobs using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Center to Protect Workers’ Rights (NIOSH-CPWR) checklist and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ).
This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out on 106 construction workers in Ahvaz, Iran. The research instruments used in this study were the NMQ and NIOSH-CPWR checklist which includes 11 sections. The NMQ was completed for 106 construction workers. Data were analyzed in SPSS software.
Findings: Shoulder (3.61%), back (4.59%), and knee (7.54%) disorders had the highest prevalence among MSDs in the subjects. In addition, 5.74% of jobs had repetitive movements. Among the workers, 9.68% had to work on their knees more than an hour a day and 5.75% had to bend and twist their bodies during tasks. Most construction site surfaces were rough and tough for walking and working.
MSDs occur among construction workers shortly after they began their work. Thus, the use of tools and equipment designed according to ergonomic principles, managerial controls, instructions training, and compliance with the relevant standards by managers and systems monitoring construction activity and workers’ health are necessities in workplace health monitoring.

The construction industries are considered as the high risk industries mainly because of their higher rate of accidents. The analytical data of the accidents play a significant role in risk management، safety promotion and preventive programs. The objectives of the present study was to describe the epidemiology of work related accidents and determine the distribution of accident based on personal factors، job groups، injured body part، unsafe actions and conditions in two sites of a construction firm in Tehran. This cross sectional study was carried out in a construction firm in Tehran in 2011. All accidents recorded in previous year were studied. The required information was extracted based on the study design. Descriptive statistic tests، t-test، and chi square statistic test were applied to analyze the data and investigate the relationship between factors related to the distribution and structure of accidents. From 915 recorded accidents، 47. 1% (431 accidents) were happened in site No. 1 and 52. 9% (484 accidents) were related to site No. 2. Contact with objects and caught in or between the equipment were the main reason for the injuries. The highest accident frequency was related to reinforcement bar benders. Most accidents were caused by workers unsafe acts. Finger injuries were the most common injury among the employees. Poor safety conditions were apparent in both sites and the studied firm can be classified as a high risk industry.

Cement has long been known as a cause of both irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. However, there are little data relating to occupational skin diseases (OSD) in the Iranian construction industry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology of cement dermatitis among terrazzo and cement manufactory workers. This is cross-sectional descriptive study. In this study 50 cement manufact-ory workers in Shahroud and 150 terrazzo workers in Lordegan were interviewed through questionnaire. Questionnaire includes demographic characteristics and questions about present dermatitis, background eczema, daily work hours, exposed chemical agents, using of gloves. Patients examined and patch tested by dermatologist. Data analyzed with SPSS software and c2, Mann Whitney and logistic regression statistical test. The findings of the study showed that 8 workers (16%) in cement factories and 52 workers (34.7%) in Lordegan terrazzo enterprises had reported dermatitis at the time of review. Of which 15.5% in terrazzo workers had allergic contact dermatitis. In this study the prevalence of cement dermatitis increased with increasing age and there was significantly differences between dermatitis and background of dermatitis in terrazzo workers (P<0.05). Cement should be treated as hazardous materials, wearing of suitable gloves, early diagnosis and treatment of contact dermatitis and health education to workers is suggested.