Risk Factors (Adjustment Proteins) and Severity of Coronary Artery Occlusion in Methyl Tetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphism (C677T) in the Form of Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Southern Iran

Methyl tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a major role in the reduction of methyl tetrahydrofolate. Single nucleotide polymorphism C677T in the MTHFR gene is associated with elevated levels of homocysteine، which serves as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease since elevated homocysteine levels damage endothelial cells (coronary arteries). Lowering homocysteine levels with folic acid effectively prevents this condition. In this study، blood samples were collected from 400 individuals (200 patients with premature CAD and 200 controls without symptoms) and the levels of homocysteine and folic acid along with C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene were evaluated under chemical and genetic tests. The percentage distribution of CC، CT and TT genotypes (MTHFR gene) was 52. 7%، 42. 79% and 4. 51% in cases and 53. 3%، 42. 8% and 4% in controls، respectively. Mean homocysteine level was found to be 14. 36 in patients and 11. 97 in controls and mean folic acid level was assessed to be 11. 569 in controls and 10. 92 in patients. Then، logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between homocysteine and C677T polymorphism and early coronary artery disease but no relationship was found (p > 0. 05) No significant relationship was detected between blood levels of homocysteine and folic acid and MTHFR T allele of the gene with premature coronary artery disease (men under 45 and women under 55 years). It is suggested to conduct further studies on other cardiac genes in countries that are genetically close to the Iranian population. It is also suggested to evaluate polymorphism and HCY levels in patients with late-onset form of the disease.