Cyclic Storage Systems Optimization; Design Model Fundamentals and Formulation

A cyclic storage system integrates a surface water subsystem (i. e.، river and surface reservoir) with a groundwater subsystem (i. e.، aquifer) in an interactive loop to satisfy prespecified demands. Modeling these systems need to consider the hydraulic relationship between all components. This paper presents an optimization model for design and operation of a cyclic storage system. A generalized and modified unit response matrix method is developed and embedded into the optimization model to develop design and operation parameters. This method were also used to create the link between the groundwater simulation model and the system optimization model to compute system responses to different excitations. Solution to the proposed model، in addition to the design parameters، provides the optimal operation for the defined cyclic storage system. The Abhar River and Aquifer، Iran، were used as case study. One of the key results of this study is that the release from the surface reservoir does not necessarily follow a storage rule curve as might be expected in a single reservoir system.