A comparative Study of Mirth and Sadness in Akhavan Sales and Iliya Abu Madi's Poems

Mehdi Akhavan sales and Iliya Abu Madi are great poets in contemporary Persian and Arabic literature who paid attention to socio-political issues in their verses. In spite of living about thirty years apart from each other, they have had similarities in the themes of their poems because of their similar socio-political situation and their existence in critical eras of the Lebanon and Iran political history. Abu Madi is the poet of independence period of Lebanon, political changes, civil and foriegn wars after that. Akhavan more than all other poets was affected by political evolution of 30s and 40s, especially of the 19 Aug coup (28 of Mordad). More than Abou Madi, Akhavan returned from romanticism and turned to social symbolism. The other common point that makes their poems outstanding is their favor to the change from tradition and modernism. So if their poems are analyzed, the main obstacles in the process of switching to modernism and its sequences will be distinguished. Here by concentrating on the two elements of their verses, i.e. mirth and sadness, not only the style of their verses would be studied but also the main causes of their trend to mirth and sadness would be clarified. This matter i.e. how they confronted with sociopolitical issues and how much they were optimistic or pessimistic toward these change reflects the inclination, and culture of people of their eras. This article analyzed their different reactions toward social issues as well as pondering the matters that caused the similarities of their views.