A Structural Survey of the Element of Time in Yosef Short Stories Based on Gerard Genette's Theory (Scholarly-Research)

Based on Genette's theory, this study examines the narrative element of time in one of the short stories of holy defense. First, the problem is presented and there is a brief reference to the history of ideas on "time" whereby the subject of chronological narration of stories and Genette's theory of order, duration and frequency are indicated. In part two the usage of the narrative element of time, in the short story “Waiting at Railway Station” by Javad Afhamee from the third series of YOSEF short stories (1387) is discussed. It is indicated that, based on Genette's four narrative time relations, i.e. analepsis narration, prolepsis narration, homodiegetic narration and heterodiegetic narration, and taking advantage of stream of consciousness technique, the writer has surpassed the boundary of time. The results of this research can be used for surveying other contemporary Iranian short stories.