Investigation of the components and antibacterial effects of three plant's essential oil Coriandrum sativum, Achilleh millefolium, Anethum graveolens in vitro

In this study the major components of essential oil of Coriandrum sativum، Achillea millefolium and Anethum graveolens were studied and the antibacterial effects of these 3 plants on four pathogens including Escherichia coli، Bacillus cereus، Bacillus licheniformis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated in vitro and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined. In this experimental study the essential oil of the plants by distillation with water and clevenger was extracted. The constituents of these plants essential oil analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatograph linked to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were identified and the percentage of their componants was determined. For determining the MIC for each essential oil on four pathogens Micro Dilution was used. Results indicated that in essential oil of Achillea millefolium، α-Pinene، in Coriandrum sativum D-varvone and in Anethum graveolens، Linalool were the essential compounds. Generally it was found that for inhibiting Escherichia coli and Bacillus licheniformis growth، Anethum graveolens essential oil with 312. 5 ppm and for inhibiting Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth، respectively Coriandrum sativum and Achillea millefolium essence with 1250 ppm and 312. 5 ppm concentration was effective. All three extracts of Coriandrum sativum، Achilleh millefolium، Anethum graveolens، had superlative effect on pathogens and may be beneficil in the treatment of infectious diseases.