Basin Erosion Study of Fadami Salt River (Fars Province) by Using Entropy Model

Erosion is the process by which soil and rocks are removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported and deposited in other locations.Human activities have dramatically increased (by 10-40 times) and accelerated the rate of erosion globally. Excessive erosion causes problems such as desertification, decreases in agricultural productivity due to land degradation, sedimentation of waterways, and ecological collapse due to loss of the nutrient rich upper soil layers. Water and wind erosion are now two primary causes of land degradation; combined, they are responsible for 84% of degraded acreage, making excessive erosion as one of the most significant global environmental problems. Water is the most important erosion agent and erodes most commonly as running water in streams. Raindrops (especially in dry environments) create splash erosion that moves away tiny particles of soil. Water affecting the surface of the soil as it moves towards tiny rivulets and streams and creates sheet erosion.In streams, water is a very powerful erosion agent. The faster water moves in streams, the larger objects it can pick up and transport. This is known as critical erosion velocity. Fine sand can be moved by streams flowing as slowly as three-quarters of a mile per hour.